| 单词 | 跨国化 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 跨国化 —globalizeinternationalizeSee also:跨国 n—cross-border n 跨国 adj—cross-national adj 跨—span • straddle • step across • stride over
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在其超过15年的国际战略咨询领域的职业生涯中，德斯库瑞已为多个领 先 跨国化 工 公 司规划了企业愿景与战略。 rolandberger.com.cn | In his more than 15 years of experience in [...] international strategy consulting, he has developed corporate visions and strategies [...] for several leading chemicals multinationals. rolandberger.com.br |
该报告建议将全 球化视为一个多方向和多维度的过程，而不是将全球化视为“由西方主导的全球 市场经济推动和趋于以不利于文化多样性的方式规范化、现 代 化 和 跨国化 的 一种 单方向和单维度进程”39 。 daccess-ods.un.org | Rather than understanding globalization as a “unidirectional and unidimensional process, driven by a Westerndominated global market [...] economy and tending to [...] standardize, streamline and transnationalize in ways inimical to cultural diversity”,39 the report proposes an understanding of globalization as a multidirectional [...]and multidimensional process. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，这种变化的速 度还将受到政府在国际贸易和跨国投 资 领域的政策的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, the pace of the change will be affected by [...] government policies in the areas of international trade and cross-border investments. daccess-ods.un.org |
成功的适应措施将需要长期思考及详尽 地考量有关在区域 (跨国)、国家、次国家及地方 各层面的气候变化风险。 undpcc.org | Successful adaptation measures will require long-term [...] thinking and explicit [...] consideration of climate change risks at the regional (cross-national), national, sub-national [...]and local levels. undpcc.org |
首先，中国的 [...] 外交政策由严格坚持不干涉别国内政逐渐转变为全面投 身于解决恐怖主义、走私武器、毒品和人口、流行疾病 和气候变化等跨国事务。 crisisgroup.org | First, China is moving slowly from a foreign policy based on strict adherence to noninterference in others’ internal affairs [...] to one fully engaged [...] in addressing such transnational concerns as terrorism, [...]trafficking in arms, drugs and humans, health pandemics and climate change. crisisgroup.org |
RTA的原动力：由跨国公司驱动的经济全 球化 跨国公司 要求不断提高货物、服务、资本、技术和劳动力的 [...] 跨国间自由流动的程度，实现其生产要素在全球范围内的合理配 置。 euctp.org | Requirements of Multinational Corporations [...] constantly enhance the extent of cross-boundary free flows in terms of commodities, [...]cargos, capital, technologies and labor. euctp.org |
1.赞赏地注意到秘书长依照大会第 64/179 号决议编写的关于联合国预防 犯罪和刑事司法方案任务执行情况，特别是关于联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室技 术合作活动的报告；9 2.欣见分别于 2010 年 6 月 17 日和 21 日在纽约举行的关于跨国有组织犯 罪问题大会高级别会议和特别条约活动的结果，特别提及会议的主席摘要及其中 所载的建议；10 3.欣见 2010 年 4 月 12 日至 19 日在巴西萨尔瓦多举行的第十二届联合国 预防犯罪和刑事司法大会通过的《政治宣言》；11 4.注意到联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室印发的出版物《犯罪全 球 化 ： 跨国 有组织犯罪威胁评估》，12 其中概述了不同形式的新犯罪活动及其对各个社会可 持续发展的不利影响 daccess-ods.un.org | of the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of the mandates of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme, with particular reference to the technical cooperation activities of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, prepared pursuant to General Assembly resolution 64/179;9 2. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 2005 年 10 月 6 日的第五和第六次会议上，委员会审议了下列五个项目：项目 8.1：反对在 体育运动中使用兴奋剂国际公约草案；项目 5.3：关于阿拉伯被占领土的教育和文 化 机 构的第 32 C/54 号决议的实施情况；项目 5.24：关于在布基纳法索瓦加杜古建立由联合国教科文组织赞助的非 洲女童和妇女教育国际中心（CIEFFA）的建议；项目 5.8：联合国教科文组织和经济合作与发展组 织（OECD）合作，共同起草“保障高等教 育 跨国 界 办学质量”的指导方针；以及项目 5.23：关于国 际传统竞赛和体育运动宪章的可行性及范围的初步报告。 unesdoc.unesco.org | At its fifth and sixth meetings on 6 October 2005, the Commission examined the following five items: 8.1 “Draft international convention against doping in sport”, 5.3 “Implementation [...] of 32 C/Resolution 54 [...] concerning educational and cultural institutions in the occupied Arab territories”, 5.24 “Proposed establishment of the International Centre for Girls’ and Women’s Education in Africa (CIEFFA) under the auspices of UNESCO, in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)”, 5.8 “Cooperation between UNESCO and OECD in drafting guidelines on ‘Quality Provision in Cross-Border Higher Education’”, [...]and 5.23 “Preliminary [...]report on the desirability and scope of an international charter on traditional games and sports”. unesdoc.unesco.org |
安理会还在关于“恐怖主义行为对国际和平与安全造成的威胁”的第 1373/2001 号决议(安理会“关切地注意到国际恐怖主义 与 跨国 有 组织犯罪、非法 药物、洗钱、非法贩运军火、非法运送核 、 化 学 、生物和其他潜在致命材料之间 的密切联系”和关于“非洲和平与安全”的主席声明(S/PRST/2009/32)(“安理 会关切地注意到，贩毒和相关的跨国有组织犯罪在一些情况下对包括非洲在内的 [...] 世界不同区域的国际安全构成严重威胁”)中，从较广泛的角度审议了该问题)。 daccess-ods.un.org | It also considered the issue from a more general point of view in resolution 1373 (2001) on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts (the Council “[noted] with concern the close [...] connection between [...] international terrorism and transnational organized crime, illicit drugs, money-laundering, illegal arms-trafficking, and illegal movement of nuclear, chemical, biological and [...]other potentially deadly [...]materials”) and in the presidential statement (S/PRST/2009/32) on peace and security in Africa (“the Security Council notes with concern the serious threats posed in some cases by drug trafficking and related transnational organized crime to international security in different regions of the world, including in Africa”). daccess-ods.un.org |
在本届会议上，社会科学及人文科学委员会和自然科学委员会审议了 35 C/COM SC/DR.1 号文件所建议的决议（提案国：奥地利、比利时、玻利维亚多民族国、布基纳法 索、刚果、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、丹麦、吉布提、多米尼加共和国、芬兰、冰岛、利比 亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马达加斯加、新西兰、荷兰、挪威、帕劳、巴布亚新几内亚、波兰、 葡萄牙、萨摩亚、塞内加尔、斯洛文尼亚、瑞典、图瓦卢和乌拉圭；共同提 案 国 ： 巴 巴多 斯、哥斯达黎加、德国、哈 萨克斯坦、拉脱维亚、黎巴嫩、马来西亚、摩纳哥、巴基斯坦、 所罗门群岛、苏里南和赞比亚），要求总干事利用教科文组织独有 的 跨 学 科背景，加强教科 文组织在气候变化问题上的专业能力。 unesdoc.unesco.org | During this session, the SHS and SC Commissions examined the resolution proposed in document 35 C/COM SC/DR.1 (submitted by: Austria, Belgium, Plurinational State of Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Congo, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Finland, Iceland, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, New Zealand, Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Portugal, [...] Samoa, Senegal, Slovenia, Sweden, [...] Tuvalu, Uruguay; co-sponsored by: Barbados, Costa Rica, Germany, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Monaco, Pakistan, Solomon Islands, Suriname, and Zambia), requesting the Director-General to strengthen UNESCO’s specialized capacity on climate change, building upon UNESCO’s unique interdisciplinary profile. unesdoc.unesco.org |
论坛在贫困与人权和全球化进程的社会影响等主题下，听取了专家发言，并就 以下议题及其与贫困的关系展开了问答式辩论：人权的规范框架与赤贫问题；外 债；国际贸易政策；国家、公民社会 和 跨国 公 司 在消除贫困中的作用和责任；在 减贫和消除贫困方面的国际援助与合作；体面和良好的工作条件；善政/腐败；得 到廉价基本药品和医疗保健；气候变 化 ； 和粮食安全、粮食危机和食物权。 daccess-ods.un.org | Under the main themes of poverty and human [...] rights and the social dimension of the globalization process, the Forum heard expert presentations and held interactive debates on the following topics and their relationship to poverty: the normative framework of human rights and extreme poverty; foreign debt; international trade policies; the role and responsibility of the State, civil society and transnational corporations in poverty eradication; international assistance and cooperation in poverty reduction and eradication; decent and favourable work conditions; good governance/corruption; access to affordable essential drugs and health care; climate change; and food security, the food crisis and the right to food. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
在此背景下，国际青 年年的主题“对话和相互了解”促 进 跨 代 、 跨 文 化 、跨 宗教 和跨文明的交流，维护了和平、尊重人权和团结的理想。 daccess-ods.un.org | Within this context, the theme of the year, “Dialogue [...] and Mutual [...] Understanding”, promoted communication across generations, cultures, religions and civilizations and championed [...]the ideals [...]of peace, respect for human rights and solidarity. daccess-ods.un.org |
凭借ADP的跨国实力 ，Avery Dennison拓展了其全球统一薪酬规范，将欧洲的另外19个国家和7,000名员工纳入其中，并进一步朝着它的全球人力资源转型战略目标推进——在整个企业实现全 球 化 管 理 、成本可预见性和薪酬数据可见性。 tipschina.gov.cn | By leveraging ADP's multinational capabilities, Avery Dennison expanded its global payroll model to include an additional 19 countries and 7,000 employees across Europe, and progressed further toward its strategic goal of global HR transformation -- achieving [...] global governance, cost predictability, and payroll [...]data visibility across its enterprise. tipschina.gov.cn |
经社会通过了关于推进无纸化贸易和 跨 境 确 认电子数据和单据以实现 包容的和可持续的区域内贸易便利化的第 [...] 68/3 号决议。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission adopted resolution 68/3 on [...] enabling paperless trade and the cross-border recognition [...]of electronic data and documents [...]for inclusive and sustainable intraregional trade facilitation. daccess-ods.un.org |
特别是，在区域会议上强调了该《公约》作为无 纸 化跨 境 贸 易的 一个促进因素的重要性（亚太经合组织关于“供应链联通性：电子商务作为主 要推动因素和一体化工具”的讲习班，2011 年 9 月 19 日，美国旧金山；联合国 非洲 经委会―联合国欧洲经委会―联合国拉加经委会―联合国亚太经社会―联 合国西非经社会关于“连通国际贸易：今后十年的单一窗口和供应链”，2011 年 12 月 12 日至 13 日，瑞士日内瓦）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In particular, the importance of that Convention as an enabler for paperless cross-border trade has been highlighted at regional meetings (APEC Workshop on “Supply Chain Connectivity: E-Commerce as a Main Driver and Integration Tool”, San Francisco, USA, [...] 19 September 2011; UN ECA — UN ECE — [...]UN ECLAC — UN ESCAP — UN ESCWA Conference on “Connecting International Trade: Single Windows and Supply Chains in the Next Decade”, Geneva, Switzerland, 12-13 December 2011). daccess-ods.un.org |
正如联合国研究 报告所述及特别代表对各区域的访问所证实的，暴力侵害 儿童问题是跨地域、跨文化、跨经济的；它影响了所有男童和女童，不论年纪大 小，而且可能发生在任何地方，包括那些孩子们本应获得特殊照顾和保护的地 方。 daccess-ods.un.org | As noted in the United Nations study, and confirmed during the Special [...] Representative’s [...] missions to all regions, violence against children knows no geographic, cultural or economic bounds; it affects boys and girls of all ages, and occurs in [...]all settings, [...]including where children are expected to benefit from special care and protection. daccess-ods.un.org |
事实上，美国律师协会法律服务部国 际 贸 易特别工作组 (American Bar Association (ABA) Task Force on International Trade in Legal Services) 把佐治亚州作为解决源自全球化、 跨境业 务及律师流动性的问题的，唯一值得其他州学习的 典范。 arbitrateatlanta.org | Indeed, Georgia has been touted by [...] the American Bar Association (ABA) Task Force on International Trade in Legal Services as a singular model for other states in addressing issues arising from globalization, cross-border legal practice and lawyer mobility. arbitrateatlanta.org |
一大批具体的建议已提交给对话的协调员，如建立大学的对话与网络；青年科学家的 对话，邀请教科文组织教席担任者参与对话活动；两个地区的实习记者和资深新闻工作者的 对话；举行青年论坛；重新启动文学作品翻译委员会，增加用欧洲语言翻译的阿拉伯作品； 学校教科书的比较研究；文化产业 专业人士的对话；举 办 跨 地 区 会议，探讨欧洲历史教科书 中阿拉伯伊斯兰文化的形象。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A host of concrete proposals were suggested to the coordinators of the Dialogue, such as: dialogue and networking among universities; dialogue among young scientists, involving UNESCO chairholders in dialogue activities; dialogue among student journalists and seasoned media practitioners from both regions; the holding of youth forums; reactivation of the Committee for the Translation of Literary Works and increase in the translation of Arabic works into European languages; a comparative study of school textbooks; [...] dialogue involving [...] professionals from cultural industries; the organization of an interregional conference on the image of Arab-Islamic culture in European history books. unesdoc.unesco.org |
为协助 各国对付针对粮食生产的恐怖主义而开展的活动包括：(a) 进行关于食品安全、 动植物健康问题的能力建设(培训班、各种项目),包括促进风险分析和加强基层 能力，以确保国家能够监测、诊断、报告和应对病虫害和疾病的爆发；(b) 食品 标准法典委员会和国际植 物保护公约制定有关标准；(c) 设立一个食物链管理框 架以便对跨界动植物病虫害和疾病造成的食物链危机、粮食安全威胁和紧急情 况，以及对核放射性威胁级紧急情况，进行预防、预警、防备和应对工作；组织 国际论坛讨论与粮食和农业相关的生物风险管理问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Specific activities that assisted countries in relation to terrorism targeted at food products included: (a) capacity-building (training courses, projects) concerning food safety, animal and plant health, including promotion of risk analyses and developing base-level capacity to ensure national ability to monitor, diagnose, report and respond to pest and disease outbreaks; (b) the standard setting work of [...] the Codex Alimentarius [...] Commission and the International Plant Protection Convention; (c) the establishment of a Food Chain Crisis Management Framework for prevention, early warning, preparedness and response to food chain crises caused by transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases, food safety threats and emergencies, as well as nuclear and radiological threats and emergencies; and the organization of international [...]forums to discuss biological [...]risk management in relation to food and agriculture. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据毒品和犯 罪问题办公室的一份研究报告即《犯罪全 球 化 ： 跨国 有 组 织犯罪威胁评估》（查 阅网址：www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tocta/TOCTA_Report_2010_ [...] low_res.pdf），东南亚和非洲之间的伪药贸易价值估计为 16 亿美元。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to a [...] UNODC study, The Globalization of Crime: A Transnational [...]Organized Crime Threat Assessment (available from [...]www.unodc.org/documents/data-andanalysis/tocta/TOCTA_Report_2010_low_res.pdf), the value of the trade in fraudulent medicines between South-East Asia and Africa is estimated at $1.6 billion. daccess-ods.un.org |
西非的三个特派团(联科行动、联利特派团和联 合 国 塞 拉利昂建设和平综合 办事处(联塞建和办))以及联合国西非办事处(西非办)继续在一些领域开展合 作，其中包括：与联利特派团开展联合边境巡逻，以防止非正规的武装集团和武 器跨界移动；联科行动和联利特派团之间组织联合培训方案，其他特派团也参加； 除了通过租赁线路建立与科特迪瓦三个大城市的链接以外，还保持与联利特派团 的地面微波链接，以提高服务质量和速度，利用尚未使用的卫星带宽实现节余； 以及各特派团之间共享航空资产。 daccess-ods.un.org | The three missions in West Africa, UNOCI, UNMIL and the United Nations Integrated [...] Peacebuilding Support Office [...] in Sierra Leone (UNIPSIL) as well as the United Nations Office for West Africa (UNOWA), continue to work together and cooperate in a number of areas, including: joint border patrols with UNMIL to prevent cross-border movement of irregular armed groups and weapons; organizing [...]joint training programmes [...]between UNOCI and UNMIL, which are also attended by other missions; maintaining a terrestrial microwave connectivity with UNMIL in addition to establishing leased line connectivity to three major cities in Côte d’Ivoire to enhance service quality and speed and achieve savings from unused satellite bandwidth; and the sharing of air assets among the missions. daccess-ods.un.org |
所涉提案包括设置：(a) 第 35 款下的 13 个安全和安保员额，包括在日内瓦的 5 个一般事务(其他职等)员额，以落实一个必要的警犬股并领导危机管理培训，以及在亚 的斯亚贝巴的 8 个一般事务(当地职等)员额，以支持安保控制中心；(b) 第 24 款下的 4 个 [...] 一般事务(其他职等)员额，为人权理事会和包括强迫失踪问题委员会和防范酷刑和其他残 忍、不人道或有辱人格待遇或处罚小组委员会在内的各条约机构提供行政和文书支助；(c) 2 个一般事务(其他职等)员额，以支持国际法院；以及(d) [...] 在联合国停战监督组织的 2 个一 般事务(当地职等)员额，以提供跨国 际 边 界运输服务。 daccess-ods.un.org | These include proposals for the establishment of (a) 13 Safety and Security posts under section 35, comprised of 5 General Service (Other level) posts in Geneva to implement a necessary canine unit and lead crisis management training, and 8 General Service (Local level) posts in Addis Ababa to support the security control centres, (b) 4 General Service (Other level) posts under section 24 to provide administrative and clerical support to the Human Rights Council and the treaty bodies, including the Committee on Enforced Disappearances and the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment, (c) 2 General Service (Other level) posts to support the International Court of Justice [...] and (d) 2 General Service (Local level) posts in UNTSO to provide [...] transportation services across international borders. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 2010 年 6 月大会高级别特别会议(见 A/64/PV/96 和 [...] A/64/PV/97)期间发表的题为《犯罪全 球化：跨国有组织犯罪威胁评估》的报告，清楚地表 [...]明贩毒和有组织犯罪如何威胁到各国的施政和稳定。 daccess-ods.un.org | which was published during the special high-level meeting of the General Assembly of June 2010 (see A/64/PV.96 and [...] A/64/PV.97), showed precisely how drug [...] trafficking and transnational organized crime [...]threaten governance and the stability of States. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，安理会主席发表了一项声明，其中安理会“关切地注意到，贩毒 和跨 国有组 织犯罪在一些情况下对世界不同区域的国际安全构成严重威胁”，并“请 [...] 秘书长考虑这些威胁，将其作为预防冲突战略、冲突分析、综合特派团评估和规 划中的一个要素(见 S/PRST/2010/4)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Finally, the President of the Security Council made a statement in which the Council noted with concern the [...] serious threats posed in some cases by drug [...] trafficking and transnational organized crime [...]to international security in different [...]regions of the world and invited the Secretary-General to consider those threats as a factor in conflict prevention strategies, conflict analysis, integrated missions’ assessment and planning (see S/PRST/2010/4). daccess-ods.un.org |
中国详细介绍 了通过立法决定和加强反恐工作的情况，包括为此参照中国已经加入的国际公约而 确定了有关恐怖主义活动、恐怖主义组织及其成员的法律定义；在预防和惩治经济 [...] 欺诈问题上采取多头出击的做法；在预防侵害儿童行为的犯罪和加强保护其权利方 [...] 面取得进展；推动开展打击腐败行为的国际合作；加强为有效打 击 跨国 有 组织犯罪 提供刑事司法援助；改进网上安全以加强预防和打击网络犯罪的能力；并修订相关 [...] 法规，将法律援助的范围从仅仅涉及审判阶段扩大至也包括审判前阶段以及嫌疑犯 [...]可能面临无期徒刑的案件。 daccess-ods.un.org | China elaborated on the adoption of legislative decisions and the strengthening of anti-terrorism efforts, including through the establishment of legal definitions of terrorist activities, organizations and their members by reference to the international conventions to which China had acceded; the adoption of a multi-pronged approach to the prevention and punishment of economic fraud; the progress made in the field of prevention of crimes against children and the strengthening of the protection of their rights; the promotion of international cooperation to combat corruption; the [...] strengthening of criminal justice [...] assistance to combat transnational organized crime [...]effectively; the improvement of online [...]security to enhance capacity to prevent and combat cybercrime; and the amendment of legislation to extend the scope of legal aid from trials only to pretrial proceedings and to cases where the suspect might face a sentence of life imprisonment. daccess-ods.un.org |
其他与会者建议关注的优先领域包括：气候 变 化 、 防 灾备灾、通过资源可持续 管理减少生物多样性的损失、可再生能源 、 国 家 科 学与技术战略的制定、促进地方和本地知识系 统，以及改进科学家与决策者的联系。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Other suggested areas of priority attention included: climate change, disaster prevention and preparedness, minimizing biodiversity loss through sustainable management of resources, renewable energies, the formulation of national strategies in science and technology, the promotion of local and indigenous knowledge systems as well as improving the links between scientists and decision-makers. unesdoc.unesco.org |
大会通过了一系列决议，充分反映了非政府组织对如下问题的立场和态度：消除贫 困的斗争、科学与伦理、人居 II 的后续行动、关于人权和宽容精神的教育、通信与新技术、 可持续发展、《为世界儿童建设和平与非暴力 文 化国 际 十年》、通过文化与文明间对话来建 设和平。 unesdoc.unesco.org | It adopted a series of resolutions reflecting the mobilization of NGOs on the following themes: combating poverty; science and ethics; the follow-up to Habitat II; education for human rights and tolerance; communication and new technologies; sustainable [...] development; the [...] International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World; building peace through the dialogue of cultures and [...]civilizations. unesdoc.unesco.org |
(三 ) 由環保署領導的“ 氣候變化跨部門 工作小組”(“氣候變化小 組 ”)有否參與應對是次沙塵暴所引起的問題，以及會否跟進 [...] 研究沙塵暴與氣候變化的關係、香港應採取的應變措施和啟 動應變措施的程序；若會，詳情為何；若否，原因為何？ legco.gov.hk | (c) whether the Inter-departmental Working Group on Climate Change [...] (IWGCC) led by the EPD was involved in addressing the [...]problems caused by the sandstorm, and whether the IWGCC will conduct follow-up studies on the relation between sandstorms and climate change, the contingency measures Hong Kong should take and the procedure for activating these measures; if it will, of the details; if not, the reasons for that? legco.gov.hk |
在 伦敦期间，特别报告员与英国政府代表、议会成员及民间社会组织的代表举行了 [...] 非正式会议，以收集信息以及他们对正式政策和法律的看法，这些政策与法律涉 及设在英国的跨国公司 对全世界土著人民的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | While in London, the Special Rapporteur held informal meetings with representatives of the Government of the United Kingdom, Members of Parliament and representatives of civil society organizations to gather information and views on [...] official policies and legislation [...] concerning the impact of transnational companies based [...]in the United Kingdom on indigenous peoples around the world. daccess-ods.un.org |
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