| 单词 | 司法独立 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 司法独立 —judicial independenceSee also:司法 n—judiciary n • justice n 司法 adj—judicial adj • legal adj 独立 v—separate v 独立—stand alone
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他强调要进行法律改革 [...] 来审议立法及各种程序，保证它们符合人权标准，尊重无罪推定、正当法律程序 和司法独立的基本原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | He underlines the necessity of legal reform to review legislation and procedures to ensure conformity with human rights standards and respect [...] for the basic principles of the presumption of innocence, due process of [...] the law and the independence of the judiciary. daccess-ods.un.org |
这条法律明确规定，国家元首是国家的首席法官，并在以其名义实施司 法的情况下保障司法独立。 daccess-ods.un.org | This Article expressed that the Head of State is the [...] first Magistrate of the Nation and [...] guarantees jurisdictional independency, as far as justice is administrated [...]on its behalf. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些行为违反了联合国关于司法独立的 原则4 并引起了对某些法官人身安全的关注。 daccess-ods.un.org | These acts could constitute a violation of the United Nations [...] principles of judicial independence4 and raise concerns [...]over some magistrates’ personal security. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际法学家委员会表示支持要求赤道几内亚政府保 障 司法独立 的 建 议，通 过体制和法律改革，结束有罪不罚的文化。 daccess-ods.un.org | The International Commission of Jurists expressed its support for the recommendations calling on the [...] Government of Equatorial Guinea to [...] guarantee the independence of the judiciary through institutional [...]and legal reforms to [...]put an end to the culture of impunity. daccess-ods.un.org |
缔约国应当采取有效和高效率措施，按照 《 司法独立 的 基 本原则》并在必要情况 下争取国际合作，确保司法机关的独立性。 daccess-ods.un.org | The State party should take effective and efficient measures [...] to ensure the independence of the judiciary in accordance [...]with the Basic Principles on the [...]Independence of the Judiciary, if necessary by recourse to international cooperation. daccess-ods.un.org |
改革应包括消除制约司法独立的法 律和体制障碍；废除军队和安全部队成员所享 有的起诉豁免；建立可靠审查程序将实施严重侵犯人权行为的官员从军队和安全 部队中开除；全面改革《刑法典》，批准《国际刑事法院罗马规约》；以及采用 [...] 与之相符的国内立法。 daccess-ods.un.org | These should include [...] the removal of legal and institutional obstacles to the independence of the judiciary; the abolition [...]of immunities from [...]prosecution enjoyed by members of the military and security forces; a credible vetting process to remove officers involved in gross human rights violations from the military and security forces; a comprehensive reform of the Penal Code; the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court; and the adoption of domestic legislation consistent with it. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会还请秘书长就下列事项向大会第六十六届会议提出报告： 新的内部司法系统对工作人员和管理当局的关系及工作人员和管理人员的业绩 [...] 的影响；对内部司法办公室网站的改进；决议第 53 段要求的资料(在此过程中应 铭记司法独立原则 )；内部司法系统的范围，尤其是为不同类别编外人员提供的 [...] 补救措施；在联合国争议法庭 3 个地点设立专用审判室所需经费；以及需要加强 对新的内部司法系统所有法官、监察员、法律代理人、书记官、调解员、法院工 [...] 作人员和办公室工作人员的教育和培训事宜。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Assembly also requested the Secretary-General to report to the Assembly at its sixty-sixth session on the impact of the new system of administration of justice on staff-management relations and the performance of both staff and managers; improvements to the website of [...] the Office of Administration of Justice; the information requested in paragraph 53 of the resolution, bearing in mind [...] the principle of judicial independence; the scope of the [...]system of the administration [...]of justice, in particular remedies available to the different categories of non-staff personnel; the provisions needed for dedicated courtroom space in the three United Nations Dispute Tribunal locations; and the need for enhancing education and training of all judges, ombudsmen, legal representatives, registrars, mediators and court and office staff of the new system of administration of justice. daccess-ods.un.org |
法院和法庭的组织和运行仍符合基本原则，尤其是国际司法条约确立的基 本原则：司法独立和公 正，法律面前人人平等、不受歧视，无罪推定，犯罪和刑 罚的合法性，两级司法机关以及获得司法辩护、援助和帮助的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | The organization and functioning of the courts and tribunals remain in line with the fundamental principles established in particular by international [...] instruments on justice, [...] these being: the independence and impartiality of the judiciary; equality [...]before the law without discrimination; presumption [...]of innocence; the rule requiring that offences and punishments shall be strictly defined by law; the right to a second hearing and the right to a defence, to assistance and to legal aid. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会与禁止酷刑委员会一样对缺乏 司法独 立表示的关切 (CAT/C/SYR/CO/1,第12段) ，并关切地注意到，第14/1969 [...] 号和第69/2008号法 令规定，安全机构和情报机构在执行任务时犯下侵犯人权的行为，可以免予起 诉，这也有可能妨碍独立的调查，同时也是对儿童实行拘留和施以酷刑的现象持 续存在的诱因。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee shares the concern expressed [...] by the Committee against Torture [...] about the lack of judicial independence (CAT/C/SYR/CO/1, [...]para. 12) and notes with concern [...]that Legislative Decrees 14/1969 and 69/2008 granting immunity from prosecution to security and intelligence agencies responsible for human rights violations committed on duty may also impede independent investigation and serve as contributing factors of persisting detention and torture of children. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于保障和维护司法独立 的并 行需要，他询问特别报告员是否有可以作为指 导的最佳做法例子。 daccess-ods.un.org | Regarding the parallel need to [...] safeguard and uphold judicial independence, he asked whether [...]the Special Rapporteur had any [...]examples of best practices that could serve as guidance. daccess-ods.un.org |
造成调整的一些因素包 括：宪法条款中缺乏对司法独立的保 障；独立于正常指挥链之外的专门执法机构、 [...] 执法机构问责机制薄弱；以及现有法律未得到严格执行。 daccess-ods.un.org | Some of the contributing factors included: the [...] lack of judicial independence safeguards in [...]constitutional provisions; special law enforcement agencies [...]operating outside regular command chains; ineffective accountability structures for law enforcement bodies; and a failure to rigorously enforce existing laws. daccess-ods.un.org |
格林纳达《宪法》和 法律规定司法独立，在 实际中，政府尊 重 司法独立。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Grenadian [...] Constitution and laws provide for an independent judiciary and the government respects the judicial independence in practice. daccess-ods.un.org |
司法独立是民 主法制建设 的关键因素，因此，政府以为此领域计划了一系列 改革措施，旨在重组司法组织、消除腐败、非军事 [...] 化检察署并使之独立于政权之外。 daccess-ods.un.org | Since an independent justice system was a [...] crucial element of democracy and the rule of law, the Government had launched [...]a series of reforms aimed at restructuring the organization of the judicial system, eradicating corruption, and establishing a public prosecutor’s office independent of political power and the military. daccess-ods.un.org |
人权联合会特别注意 到，第 58(a)段内提到的关于确保司法独立的 建 议遭 到拒 绝，而妨碍司法独立和正 常 运 行的因 素仍然 很 多 ， 导致在 这 方 面 的 新 的 危 机。 daccess-ods.un.org | FIDH noted in particular that the [...] recommendation as to the independence of the justice mentioned in paragraph 58 (a) was rejected whereas the impediments to the independence and good functioning of the judiciary remained considerable, [...]leading to [...]a crisis of confidence in this connection. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 只有在根据公平审判保障措施经过审判之后执行死刑才合法，保障措 施包括司法独立、聘 请律师的权利、有效上诉权和不被强迫或拷打提供证据的权 [...] 利(A/HRC/11/2/Add.5)。 daccess-ods.un.org | (a) The death penalty is only lawful if imposed after a trial conducted in [...] accordance with fair trial guarantees, [...] including judicial independence, the right to counsel, [...]an effective right to appeal, [...]and the right not to be coerced or tortured to give evidence (A/HRC/11/2/Add.5). daccess-ods.un.org |
联合王国注意到， 禁止酷刑委员会建议澄清《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不 人道或有辱人 格 的 待遇或处罚 [...] 公约》在国家法律中的地位 ；建议采取更 多 措施巩 固司法独立性；还建议完成对 Muyinga 和 Gatumba 大屠杀事件的调查，并将肇事 [...]者 绳 之以法。 daccess-ods.un.org | The United Kingdom noted that the Committee against Torture recommended the clarification of the status of the Convention against Torture [...] in national law; further steps to [...] strengthen the independence of the judiciary; conclusions [...]of investigations relating to [...]the Muyinga and Gatumba massacres and that perpetrators be brought to justice. daccess-ods.un.org |
总理在2011年5月17 日发布了有关设立一个委员会的第6721号决 [...] 定，该委员会的任务是制定一项全面的司法改革战略，修订法律，制定 有关司法独立的条例，以及建立规范司法机构的工作和增加法院数目和 法官人数的各种机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | On 17 May 2011 the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 6721, establishing a committee to formulate a comprehensive strategy on judicial reform, the amendment of [...] laws, the development of regulations [...] on judicial independence and the establishment of mechanisms [...]to regulate judicial institutions [...]and increase the number of courts and judges. daccess-ods.un.org |
人权联合会呼吁布 基 纳 法 索 考虑到 在普遍定期审议期间 所作的所有建议，特别是 保 障 司法独立，通过自由 和 独立的 新闻媒 体保障 言论自由， 批 准 《公民权利和政治权利公约 任 择 议定 书》，通过一项法律废除死 [...] 刑 并 将 已 经宣判 的所有死 刑 改 为 替 代 刑 法 ， 让 特别程 [...]序任务负责人访问本国。 daccess-ods.un.org | FIDH called on Burkina Faso to take into account all of the recommendations made during the Universal Periodic Review, and [...] in particular to [...] guarantee the independence of the judiciary, the freedom of expression through a free and independent press, to [...]ratify the Optional Protocol [...]to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to adopt a law abolishing the death penalty and commuting all death sentences already pronounced to alternative penalties and to allow Special Procedures mandate holders to visit the country. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，该国加强了司法独立，并 为法官、 检察官、律师和警察进行了能力建设。 daccess-ods.un.org | In that context, judicial independence had been strengthened [...] and capacity-building had been undertaken for judges, prosecutors, lawyers and police officers. daccess-ods.un.org |
6 月4 日，特别报告员主持了题为“能力建设和人权培训 是 司法独立 的 根 本 支柱”的会外活动，该活动由人权事务高级专员办事处与巴西和匈牙利常驻代表 [...] 团合作举办，是在联合国日内瓦办事处举行的人权理事会第十四届会议的会外活 动。 daccess-ods.un.org | On 4 June the Special Rapporteur chaired a side event on “Capacity building and [...] human rights training as a [...] fundamental pillar for judicial independence”, convened by [...]the Office of the High Commissioner [...]for Human Rights, in cooperation with the Permanent Missions of Brazil and Hungary at the 14th session of the Human Rights Council at the United Nations Office in Geneva. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 第四项核心要素方面，尽管首席法官指出缅甸实 行 司法独立 ， 他同意邀请并接待 法官和律师独立性问题特别报告员。 daccess-ods.un.org | On the fourth core element, even though [...] the Chief Justice mentioned that the judiciary was independent in Myanmar, he accepted to engage and receive the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges [...]and lawyers. daccess-ods.un.org |
我国政府坚定致力于贯彻持久的法律原则：正当 程序、平等享有法律保护、司法独立 和 伸 张正义。 daccess-ods.un.org | My Government is deeply committed to enduring legal principles: due process, equal protection [...] under law, judicial independence and justice for all. daccess-ods.un.org |
为巩固民主和具体落实人权保护保障措 施，新《宪法》载入了关于权力分立和制衡、坚 持 司法独立 并 扩 大其实际权力的 保障措施、积极和反应性公民权的原则和规则、促进善政以及将责任与问责相联 [...] 系的关键条款。 daccess-ods.un.org | With a view to consolidating democracy and giving a concrete content for the human rights protection guarantees, the new Constitution outlines key provisions on the separation and [...] balance of powers, the guarantees [...] to entrench the independence of the judiciary and to upgrade [...]it to a real power, the principles [...]and rules of active and responsive citizenship, the promotion of good governance and linking responsibility with accountability. daccess-ods.un.org |
强调民主的内容包括尊重所有人权和基本自由，特别是结社和和平集会 自由，言论和见解自由，思想、良心、宗教或信仰自由，法律面前作为人的权 利，直接或通过自由选出的代表参与行使公共事务的权利，在有不同政党和组织 的多元制度下投票的权利，以及在以普遍和平等投票及无记名投票方式定期举行 的真正、自由和公正的选举中的被选举权，从而保障人民自由表达意愿，尊重法 治，三权分立，司法独立，公 共行政和决策透明负责，媒体自由、独立和多元 化 daccess-ods.un.org | Stresses that democracy includes respect for all human rights and fundamental freedoms, inter alia, freedom of association and of peaceful assembly, freedom of expression and opinion, freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief, the right to be recognized everywhere as a person before the law and the right to take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen representatives, to vote in a pluralistic system of political parties and organizations and to be elected at genuine, periodic, free and fair elections by universal and equal suffrage and by secret ballot guaranteeing the free expression of the will of the people, [...] as well as respect for [...] the rule of law, the separation of powers, the independence of the judiciary, transparency and accountability in public administration and decision-making and free, independent and pluralistic media daccess-ods.un.org |
促请吉尔吉斯斯坦政府继续努力使其司法制度与其国际义务保持一 致，并确保司法独立和公 正，司法当局高效率开展工作，以起诉违反和侵犯人权 的肇事者，为受害者伸张正义，同时，须充分尊重正当程序以及受害者、被告、 律师和目击证人的安全 daccess-ods.un.org | Urges the Government of Kyrgyzstan [...] to continue efforts to [...] bring its judicial system into line with its international obligations and to ensure that the judiciary is independent and impartial and [...]that the authorities [...]work in an efficient manner to prosecute perpetrators of human rights violations and abuses and to bring justice to victims, with full respect for due process and the safety of victims, defendants, attorneys and witnesses daccess-ods.un.org |
短期预期结果是：(a) [...] 改善布隆迪境 内对人权的尊重；(b) 改善司法制度，包括司法独立和问 责制；(c) 加强政治和 社会对话及民族和解机制；(d) [...]建立过渡时期司法机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | The expected results in the short term are: (a) improving respect for human rights in [...] Burundi; (b) improving the [...] administration of justice, including its independence and accountability; [...](c) promoting mechanisms [...]for political and social dialogue and national reconciliation; and (d) establishing transitional justice mechanisms. daccess-ods.un.org |
深信独立和公正的司法、独立的法 律职业以及司法制度的廉正，对于保护免 受酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚的权利至关重要， 谴责一切形式的酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚，包 [...] 括通过恐吓实施的此类行为，此类行为任何时候、任何地方均予禁止，今后依然 [...] 禁止，断无施行之理，并吁请所有国家全面绝对禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或 有辱人格的待遇或处罚 daccess-ods.un.org | Convinced that an independent and impartial judiciary, an independent legal profession [...] and the integrity of the judicial [...]system are essential prerequisites for the protection of human rights, including the right to be free from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, and for the application of the rule of law and for ensuring a fair trial and that there is no discrimination in the administration of justice,1. daccess-ods.un.org |
其目标是：（a）确保承认和遵守人权 [...] 和基本自由，包括载入《纳米比亚宪法》和联合国、其专门机构及类似国际机构 [...] 通过的国际人权和人道主义条约及宣言的人权和基本自由；（b）促进民主、尊重 法治和司法独立；（ c）促进所有人的文化、社会和政治包容；（d）促进公共行政 [...] 的可访问性、回应需求能力、问责制和透明度；以及（e）促进政治权力的代表 性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Its objectives are to: (a) secure recognition and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including those in the Namibian Constitution and in the international human rights and humanitarian treaties and declarations adopted by the United Nations, its specialized agencies and similar international bodies; (b) [...] promote democracy, respect for [...] the rule of law, and independence of the judiciary; [...](c) promote cultural, social and political [...]tolerance for all; (d) promote accessibility, responsiveness, accountability and transparency in public administration; and (e) promote representative political power. daccess-ods.un.org |
2011 年要取得若干成果，其中包括：成立全国独立人权委员会、为国防和安 全部队成员、治安法官、政府雇员和民选官员提供人权培训；成立性别暴力受害 [...] 者支援中心；加强司法部门新雇员在法院管理、职业道德和司法审判方面的能力； 加强司法事务委员会的能力，以确保 司法独立 ； 确 保检察长办公室发挥作用，每 季度对基层检察院进行视察；并协助各政党举行会议。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is important to achieve a number of results in 2011, including: the establishment of the National Independent Commission on Human Rights; the provision of training on human rights to members of the defence and security corps, magistrates, public employees and elected officials; the setting up of a support centre for victims of gender-based violence; strengthening the capacity of new employees of the judiciary in the area of court administration, professional ethics and the conduct of trials; [...] strengthening the [...] capacity of the Judicial Service Commission to ensure the independence of justice; ensuring [...]the functioning of the Prosecutor [...]General’s Office by conducting quarterly inspections in the parquet de base; and facilitating the holding of meetings by political parties. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年 6 月 25 日，特别报 [...] 告员出席了由法官支持法官组织在荷兰阿姆斯特丹举办的关于“特别报告员和非 政府组织的作用”会议，并参加了一个小组会，讨论世界各 地 司法独立 受 到 影响 的案件。 daccess-ods.un.org | On 25 June 2010, the Special Rapporteur attended an event organized by the Judges for Judges Organization in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on the issue of “The role of the Special Rapporteur and non-governmental organizations” and [...] participated in a panel on cases from various parts of the [...] world in which the independence of the judiciary had been compromised. daccess-ods.un.org |
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