| 单词 | 钚 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 钚—plutonium (chemistry)Examples:的钚n—plutoniumn 钚含n—plutoniumn
|
至于后处理厂从军用转为民用，国际经验 显示，为压水堆所用铀―钚混合 燃料和增值反应堆所用钚燃 料生产钚成本 高，而 且往往不可靠。 daccess-ods.un.org | As for converting from military to civilian reprocessing, [...] international experience shows [...] that producingplutonium for useas mixed uraniumplutonium (MOX) fuel in PWRs andplutonium fuel forbreeder [...]reactors is costly and often unreliable. daccess-ods.un.org |
加拿大从全球伙伴关系方 案中拿出 [...] 900 万元资助美国领导的一个关闭俄罗斯最后一个钚生产反应堆的项 目，目前正在成功执行。 daccess-ods.un.org | Canada’s $9 million contribution from GPP to the [...] United States-led project to shut down [...] the last Russian plutoniumproductionreactor [...]is being implemented successfully. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，日本还累积了世界上数量最多共计 40 多吨 的武器用钚，同时它也拥有制造核武器的技术。 daccess-ods.un.org | Furthermore, Japan is the [...] largest weapons-grade plutonium accumulatorin the [...]world, to the tune of more than 40 tons, and [...]it has the technology for nuclear weapons. daccess-ods.un.org |
创造燃料循环管理的条件，使人们完全确信没有国家有能力为发展武 器而滥用铀浓缩或钚后处理。 daccess-ods.un.org | Create fuel cycle management conditions that will ensure complete confidence [...] that no state has the capacity to misuse [...] uranium enrichmentor plutonium reprocessing for weapons [...]development purposes. daccess-ods.un.org |
Jacques Ebrardt 先生解释了法国原钚和高浓缩铀生产设施退役的情况，以及 法国在这方面采取的透明度措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | Mr. Jacques Ebrardt explained the decommissioning of [...] the former French plutoniumand HEU production [...]facilities and the transparency measures [...]France applies in this regard. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，除法律义务外，作为一项国际透明度措施， 日本定期根据钚管理准则报告我们拥有的钚的数量， 最近一次是在 2011 年 9 月 29 日。 daccess-ods.un.org | Moreover, beyond its legal obligations, Japan has, as an international transparency [...] measure, regularly reported [...] the amount of its plutoniumholdings in accordance with the guidelines for the management ofplutonium,most recently on [...]29 September 2011. daccess-ods.un.org |
加拿大 的全面、多元方法重点关注前苏联各国四个主要领域的活动：(a) 加强对武器 用核材料和设施的实物保护；(b) 通过关闭俄罗斯最后一个钚生产 反应堆，支 持国际努力处置 34 吨武器用钚，从而消除钚的使用；(c) 移走并保障高活度放 射源，加强放射安保；以及(d) 加强边境安保，预防非法贩运核材料及其他放 射性材料。 daccess-ods.un.org | Canada’s holistic, multifaceted approach focuses on four main areas of activity in countries of the former Soviet Union: (a) strengthening the physical security of weapons-grade nuclear materials and [...] facilities; (b) [...] eliminating theuse of plutoniumthroughthe shut down of thelast plutonium-producing reactor in Russia and supporting international efforts to dispose of 34 tons of weapons-grade plutonium; (c) removing [...]and securing highly radioactive [...]sources to improve radiological security; and (d) improving border security to prevent the illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radiological materials. daccess-ods.un.org |
俄罗斯将通过 BN-800 反应堆去辐射办法处理 34 吨过量的武器级钚。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Russian Federation will dispose of 34 tons of [...] excess weapons-gradeplutonium through irradiation [...]in a BN-800 reactor. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然这些分歧出现了，但值得指出的是，一位赞同“特殊裂变材料加上 镎”定义的与会者建议，按照这一定义，可以考虑不同水平的核查，取决于裂变 材料的战略敏感性，即对于经过辐照的乏燃料中的钚以及对低浓缩铀，可以进行 较低水平的核查，而对于分离的钚和高浓缩铀可以进行高水平的核查。 daccess-ods.un.org | While these differences emerged, it is worth noting that a proponent of the definition “special fissionable material plus neptunium” suggested that under that definition, different levels of verification could be considered, depending on the strategic sensitivity of the fissile material – e.g. there could be a [...] lower level of [...] verification forirradiated plutonium in spent fuel and for low enriched uranium, and a higher level of verification for separated plutoniumandfor high [...]enriched uranium. daccess-ods.un.org |
从 2009 年 7 月至 2011 年 6 [...] 月，国际原子能机构收到两起涉及未经授权拥有高浓 缩铀或钚事件的报告，使 1993 年以来的总数达到十六起事件。 daccess-ods.un.org | From July 2009 to June 2011, two incidents involving [...] the unauthorized possession of highly [...] enricheduranium or plutoniumwere reported to [...]IAEA, taking the total number to 16 since 1993. daccess-ods.un.org |
在核裁军核查措施方面，除俄罗斯联邦和美国之间达成的更新 2000 年《美 [...] 利坚合众国政府和俄罗斯联邦政府关于管理和处置已指定不再用于防卫目的的钚及相关合作的协定》的协定以外，国际原子能机构在制定具有法律约束力的适 [...] 当核查安排，以确保不可逆转地消除被认定不再需要用于军事用途的裂变材料 [...](特别是武器级高浓缩铀)方面，没有取得进一步的进展。 daccess-ods.un.org | In terms of nuclear disarmament verification measures, besides the agreement between the Russian Federation and the United States to update the 2000 Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Russian [...] Federation concerning the Management [...] and Disposition of Plutonium Designated as No [...]Longer Required for Defence Purposes and [...]Related Cooperation, no further progress has been made in the development of appropriate legally binding verification arrangements, in the context of the International Atomic Energy Agency, to ensure the irreversible removal of fissile material, particularly weaponsgrade highly enriched uranium, designated as no longer required for military purposes. daccess-ods.un.org |
自 2010 [...] 年文卡研究院核解除项目(文卡项目)进入第二阶段以来，塞尔维亚 境内不再拥有高浓缩铀和钚，这些材料已经移送起源国俄罗斯联邦。 daccess-ods.un.org | Since the completion of the second phase of the Vinca Institute Nuclear Decommissioning (VIND) project in 2010, Serbia has not [...] possessed on its territory highly [...] enriched uraniumand plutoniumwhich were transferred [...]to the Russian Federation as the State of origin. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，存储是放射性废物管理重要的一步，尽管预计存储时间会有很大的不 同(如短效半衰期放射性核素会迅速衰减，因此，几个月后，就基本上消失殆尽； [...] 有些同位素需要储存约三个世纪的时间；半衰期为 24 000 年的钚可通过后处理 技术事先去除)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thus, storage is an essential step in the management of radioactive waste, although the targeted duration of storage will vary hugely (e.g., radionuclides with short half-lives will decay away rapidly, so after a few months there will be essentially none left; a number [...] of isotopes require storage for [...] about threecenturies; plutonium with a half-life of [...]24,000 years can be removed beforehand [...]by using reprocessing technologies). daccess-ods.un.org |
德国联邦海洋和水文地理机构估计，爱尔兰海内的钚含量为 200 公 斤(制造一颗原子弹只需要 5 公斤钚)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Germany’s Federal Maritime and [...] Hydrographic Agency [...] estimates the amountofplutonium in theIrish Sea to be 200 kg (the production of an atomic bomb only requires 5 kg of plutonium). daccess-ods.un.org |
伊朗还继续在阿拉克进行重水活动和建造 40 兆瓦钚反应堆，它的强度远远超过伊朗所称的研究和发 展或医用同位素活动的需要。 daccess-ods.un.org | Iran also continues to pursue its heavy [...] water activities in Arak and its [...] work on a 40-megawattplutonium reactor, which is far [...]too powerful for the research and [...]development or medical isotopes activities alleged by Iran. daccess-ods.un.org |
条约应列入所有钚238含量低于80%的钚(原子能机构“直接使用 材料”的定义)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Allplutonium containingless than 80% Pu-238 (IAEA definition [...] of direct use material) should be included in the treaty. daccess-ods.un.org |
法国虽然与三方倡议没有直接关系，但鉴于其在混氧燃料所用钚方面的专 长，通过其对 AIDA/MOX 方案以及美国实验性混氧燃料制造的贡献，为消除美国 和俄罗斯剩余武器级钚的研 究作出了贡献。 daccess-ods.un.org | While not directly concerned by the trilateral initiative, [...] France has contributed [...] to studies for the elimination of surplus United States and Russian weapons-gradeplutonium,givenitsexpertise in the area of plutonium use in MOX fuels, through its contribution [...]to the AIDA/MOX [...]programme and the manufacture of experimental American MOX fuels. daccess-ods.un.org |
循环钚，无论是否完全分离的钚还是包含在通过辐照核材料而产生的 其它裂变材料混合物中 daccess-ods.un.org | Recycled plutonium, whether completely separated or contained [...] in a mixture of other fissile materials produced through the [...]irradiation of nuclear material daccess-ods.un.org |
对上述地点发现的贫铀弹药 [...] 的检查显示，这些弹药不仅含有贫化铀，还含有微量铀-2 36、钚和镎以及从辐射 核燃料中产生的高辐射毒性同位素。 daccess-ods.un.org | Examination of the depleted uranium munitions found at the said locations has shown that, in addition to [...] depleted uranium, they also contained [...] traces of uranium-236, plutonium and neptunium, as [...]well as highly radiotoxic isotopes originating from radiated nuclear fuel. daccess-ods.un.org |
不扩散和裁军基金第 258 号项目，不扩散和裁军基金在该项目中向国际 [...] 原子能机构转拨 200 000 美元，以保护和去除原产于美国的钚/铍来源 和选定拉丁美洲国家的某些其他放射性材料。 daccess-ods.un.org | NDF Project No. 258, in which the NDF is transferring [...] $200,000 to the IAEA to secure and remove [...] United States-origin plutonium/beryllium sources [...]and certain other radioactive material [...]in selected Latin American countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
对于钚、铀233 和 镎来说，生产起始于后处理(即从任何乏燃料 [...] 或其他经过辐照的核材料中分离)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Forplutonium production,these starting [...] points included irradiation of uranium, handling of irradiated fuel, or reprocessing [...]of irradiated fuel (i.e. separation of plutonium from irradiated fuel). daccess-ods.un.org |
( 例如在发生事故后) ，那么所包含的钚将被视为武器级的钚。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, if fuel was removed from a reactor early (for example, after an [...] accident), the contained plutoniumwould be considered [...]weapons-grade. daccess-ods.un.org |
在后处理时收回的钚基本上是武器级材料，这种材料可被滥 用于军事目的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Plutoniumrecoveredduring reprocessing [...] is principally weapons-grade material, which can be misused for military purposes. daccess-ods.un.org |
Sellafield的B205 [...] 后处理厂执行欧洲原子能共同体保障措施的经 验，该工厂曾为核武器和民用设施生产钚，后来完全转为民用生产。 daccess-ods.un.org | Mr. Peter Schwalbach, Dr., European Commission, DG for Energy (Directorate Nuclear Safeguards), talked about the experience made with subjecting the reprocessing facility B205 in Sellafield/UK to Euratom [...] safeguards, a facility which had [...] formerlybeen producing plutonium for bothnuclear weapons [...]and civil purposes, and was later [...]converted to exclusively civilian production. daccess-ods.un.org |
伊朗核计划中含有军事意图的迹象包括阿拉克（Arak）的重水慢化研究反应堆的建设 -- 该反应堆可被用于生产钚并提供另一条到达核弹的路线 -- 再想想，在持不同政见者的团体揭露其秘密前，伊朗一直对纳坦兹和阿拉克设备的运作保持绝对机密 [...] -- 要对伊朗在核不扩散方面的善意继续存有信心是很难的。 thebulletin.org | Suggestions that Iran's nuclear program has a military dimension include the construction of a heavy [...] water-moderated research reactor at Arak -- [...] which could produce plutoniumand offer another [...]route to the bomb. In the face of this [...]potentially weapons-related activity -- and recalling that Iran operated the Natanz and Arak facilities under the utmost secrecy until a dissident group exposed them -- it is difficult to maintain confidence in Iran's nonproliferation bona fides. thebulletin.org |
还欣见俄罗斯联邦和美利坚合众国就管理和处置已确定不再需要用于防卫 用途的钚达成的协定，它们承诺与国际原子能机构签署具有法律约束力的协定， [...] 以执行核查措施 daccess-ods.un.org | Welcoming further the Agreement between the Russian Federation and the United States [...] of America concerning the Management [...] and DispositionofPlutonium Designated asNo Longer [...]Required for Defence Purposes and [...]their commitment to conclude legally binding agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency to implement verification measures daccess-ods.un.org |
许多缔约国肯定俄罗斯联邦和美利坚合众国采取步骤执行《关于管理和处置钚的协定》及其各项《议定书》，包括与国际原子能机构讨论应用核查安排的问 题。 daccess-ods.un.org | The achievement of steps by the Russian [...] Federation and the United States of [...] America to implement thePlutonium Managementand Disposition [...]Agreement and its Protocols, [...]including discussion with the International Atomic Energy Agency for the application of verification arrangements, was acknowledged by many States parties. daccess-ods.un.org |
在过去的 15 年里，它 已经减少了其核弹头数量的一半，并宣布 300 枚弹 头为其武库的上限，完全拆除其地对地装置，减少 了其机载和潜射装置的 [...] 30%，批准了《全面禁核试 条约》，拆除了核测试中心，停止了总成本为 60 亿 欧元的武器级钚和铀的生产，并拆除了有关设施。 daccess-ods.un.org | Over the past 15 years, it had halved the number of its nuclear warheads and announced a ceiling of 300 warheads for its total arsenal, totally dismantled its ground-to-ground component and reduced its airborne and submarine components by 30 per cent, ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, [...] dismantled its test centres, halted [...] production ofweapons-grade plutonium and uranium and dismantled [...]related facilities at a total cost of 6 billion euros. daccess-ods.un.org |
Ramamurti Rajaraman 教授介绍了禁产条约 [...] 的技术背景，特别介绍了可用于爆炸性装置的核材料――高浓缩铀和钚，二者的 生产方法以及目前全世界范围内可获得的数量。 daccess-ods.un.org | Mr. Ramamurti Rajaraman, Prof., Co-Chair International Panel on Fissile Materials, gave an introduction on the technical background of an FMCT, especially on nuclear materials that can be used for [...] explosive purposes, namely highly [...] enriched uranium (HEU) andplutonium,theirproduction methods [...]and respective quantities presently available around the world. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据该 自愿协定，美国同意对其 290 处核设施适用原子能机构的保障监督措施，包括美 [...] 国的核电站和研究反应堆、核燃料制造厂、铀转换设施、钚再处理厂、铀浓缩厂 和其他类型设施。 daccess-ods.un.org | Under the voluntary offer agreement the United States has made more than 290 nuclear facilities eligible for the application of IAEA safeguards, including its nuclear power and research reactors, nuclear [...] fuel fabrication plants, uranium [...] conversionfacilities, plutoniumreprocessingplants, [...]uranium enrichment plants and other types of facilities. daccess-ods.un.org |
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