| 单词 | 生育率 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 生育率noun—fertilityn(almost always used)fertility raten生育率—birth rateSee also:生育n—fertilityn birthn childbirthn maternityn 生育—grow give birth bring up (children) 生育v—rearv bearv 育率n—fertilityn
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生育率居高不下 造成学龄儿童数目迅速增长，致使对教育系统和家庭的要求越来越高。 daccess-ods.un.org | Sustained high fertility results in rapidly [...] increasing numbers of school-age children, which translate into increasing demands [...]on education systems and families. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，超过半数的发展中国家制定了降低生育率的政策，而在最 不发达国家中，有 76%制定了这类政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | Hence, more than half of the developing countries have [...] policies tolower fertility; of the least [...]developed countries, 76 per cent have such policies. daccess-ods.un.org |
调查还显示，为了减少过去高生育率的影响，需要在降低生育率上作出更大 努力，产妇保健应该受到特别关注，也需要向丧偶和离异女性提供社会支持。 daccess-ods.un.org | The surveys also show that increased efforts at [...] reducing fertility is required to reduce the effect of high fertilityrates in the past, [...]that maternal health should [...]receive special attention, the need for social support for the widowed and divorced females is also present. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会进一步强调，人口司应继续在以下方面开展基本工作：人口预计和预 [...] 测；农村和城市人口的变化格局；国际移徙分析；变化中的人口年龄结构对发展 的影响；生育率和死亡率及其趋势的差异越来越大的情况；人口、资源、环境与 [...]发展之间的相互关系；人口政策的演变并在这方面采用性别观点(委员会第 2004/1 号决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission further emphasized that the Population Division should continue basic work on population estimates and projections; patterns of rural and urban population change; the analysis of international migration; the implications of the changing age structure of the [...] population for development; the [...] increasing diversity of fertilityand mortality [...]levels and trends; the interrelations among [...]population, resources, the environment and development; and the evolution of population policies, applying a gender perspective in this regard (Commission resolution 2004/1). daccess-ods.un.org |
报告讨论了人口规模与增 长、生育率与避孕、死亡率、国际移徙、人口老化和城市化等方面的变化，包括 与这些变化有关的人口政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | It discusses changes in population [...] size and growth,fertility and contraception, mortality, [...]international migration, population [...]ageing and urbanization, including the population policies related to those changes. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据每个国家的最新数 据，主要是 1990 年代后期的数据，高生育率国家的妇女的初次生育年龄远低于 那些低生育率国家：在 34 个有数据的高生育率国家中，除塔吉克斯坦之外的所 有国家的初次生育平均年龄均低于 23 岁，而在 60 个有数据的低生育率国家中， 除 4 国(巴西、哥斯达黎加、马尔代夫和越南)外的所有国家的初次生育平均年龄 至少 23 岁。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to the most recent data for each country, which refers [...] mostly to the late 1990s, [...] women in high-fertilitycountries had their first child at much younger ages than those in low-fertility countries: of the 34 high-fertility countries for which data were available, all but Tajikistan showed that the mean age at first birth was below 23 years, whereas of the 60low-fertility countries, all [...]but 4 (Brazil, Costa [...]Rica, Maldives and Viet Nam) showed mean ages at first birth of at least 23 years. daccess-ods.un.org |
重点处理的问题有国际移民情况、生育率和生殖健康、艾滋病 毒/艾滋病对人口的影响、人口年龄结构的变化及其对于发展的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | International migration, fertility and reproductive [...] health, the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS and the changing age structures [...]of populations and their impact on development will be the critical issues addressed. daccess-ods.un.org |
最不发达国家对其人口高增长感到关切，四分之三 的国家已经采纳政策来降低生育率。 daccess-ods.un.org | Concerned about their high population growth, three quarters of the least developed countries adopted [...] policies toreduce fertility. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会在第三十届会议上强调秘书处人口司必须继续进行以下各方面的基 [...] 本工作：人口估计和预测的重要依据；基本人口趋势和问题，包括生育率、死亡 率、移徙及城乡人口变化的格局；人口政策的演变；以及对人口与发展之间关系 [...]的认识(委员会第 1997/3 号决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its thirtieth session, the Commission stressed the importance of continuing the basic work of the Population Division of the Secretariat on the crucial underpinnings of population estimates and [...] projections; basic population trends and [...] issues, including fertility, mortality, migration [...]and patterns of rural and urban population [...]change; the evolution of population policies; and understanding of the links between population and development (Commission resolution 1997/3). daccess-ods.un.org |
生育率的未来演变情况仍是一个主要的未知因素，不 过，恢复生育率是能够改善该国人口现状甚至有望遏制人口减少的一个独特选 择。 daccess-ods.un.org | The future evolution of fertilitycontinuesto be a major unknown factor, but its recovery is the unique [...] option capable of leading [...]to an improvement of the country's demographic situation and, potentially, to curbing demographic decline. daccess-ods.un.org |
本报告记录了生育率趋势及其最直接决定因素以及在确保普遍获得生殖保 健服务方面面临的挑战，以便就如何加快实现行动纲领的总目标和具体目标，特 别是那些与生殖健康和增强妇女权能以及与千年发展目标中有关孕产妇保健的 [...] 目标有关的总目标和具体目标，提供指导。 daccess-ods.un.org | The present report documents trends in and the proximate determinants offertility,as wellas the [...] main challenges in ensuring [...]universal access to reproductive health services, with a view to providing guidance on how to accelerate the achievement of the goals and objectives contained in the Programme of Action, especially those related to reproductive health and the empowerment of women, and the targets related to maternal health that are part of the Millennium Development Goals. daccess-ods.un.org |
孕产妇死亡率在高生育率国家仍居高不下，高生 育率国家作为一个群体不太可能实现到 2015 年把孕产妇死亡率降低 75%的目标。 daccess-ods.un.org | Maternal mortalityremained high inhigh-fertility countries and, as a group, [...] these countries were unlikely to meet the [...]goal of reducing maternal mortality by 75 per cent by 2015. daccess-ods.un.org |
世界其 余地区生育率下降既不算太快也不算太慢。 daccess-ods.un.org | The remaining world regions [...] have experienced fertilityreductions that [...]are neither too fast nor too slow. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，现有数据显示，在 21 个低生育率国家(包括澳大利亚、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、匈牙利、爱 尔兰、意大利、日本、拉脱维亚、黎巴嫩、荷兰、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙和瑞典) 和 5 个中等生育率国家(阿尔及利亚、博茨瓦纳、佛得角、纳米比亚和南非)，30% 以上的妇女从来没有结过婚。 daccess-ods.un.org | Nonetheless, the data [...] available show that in21 low-fertilitycountries(including Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lebanon, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden) and in 5intermediate-fertilitycountries(Algeria, Botswana, [...]Cape Verde, [...]Namibia and South Africa) over 30 per cent of women have never been married. daccess-ods.un.org |
挂图还表明，许多国家经父母同意的合法结婚 年龄仍然偏低，而且青少年生育率是大多数国家关注的重大问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | The wallchart also shows that the legal age for marriage with [...] parental consent remains low in many countries and [...] that adolescent fertility isa major concern [...]in a majority of countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
从中期来讲，可以认为中度假设为每一个国家预测的生育率是目前趋势的貌 似合理的继续，假定在生育率下降方面落后的国家会重复 1960 年代以来生育率下降的发展中国家的平均过去经历，而所有发展中国家的生育率都将像发达国家的生育率那样降到低于更替水平，并在相当长一段时间保持在低于更替水平。 daccess-ods.un.org | Over the [...] mediumterm, thefertility trends projected in the medium scenario for each country can be considered plausible continuations of current trends under the assumption that the average past experience of the developing countrieswhose fertility had declined since the 1960s would be repeated by countrieswherefertility declinewas lagging [...]behind and that thefertility ofall developing countries would, [...]like that of developed countries, fall below replacement level and remain below replacement for lengthy periods. daccess-ods.un.org |
若按死亡率和生育率审查现 有人口状况并密切联系移民流时，我们会发现，鉴于因人口年龄结构不平衡导致 的负面潜力的累积与加强，该国人口下降趋势实际上仍在继续。 daccess-ods.un.org | If we look at the present level registered bymortality andfertility,closely correlated [...] with the migration flows, it results [...]that the process of degradation actually continues, due to the accumulation and consolidation of the negative potential contained in the imbalances affecting the age structure of the population. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外由于生育率下降，这些国家中进入劳动力市场的人数比以前 少；这一趋势经常伴随着年龄歧视。 monitoringris.org | In these countries, moreover,fewer persons are entering the labour market because of the decrease in the birth rate; this trend is often accompanied by age discrimination. monitoringris.org |
由于死亡率降低，预期寿命增加，而且人口的生育率下降， 所以老年人口仍然是总人口中增长最快的部分。 daccess-ods.un.org | This group remains the fastest growing segment of the population [...] due to declining mortality rates and increased life expectancy, coupled [...] with a declining fertilityrate inthe population. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于在审议的 20 个国家中，生育率下降缓慢，甚至上升，很可能这些国家 至多能实现中度假设预测的生育率下降，因此急需采取更有效的方案，以改善生 殖健康，提供更多的现代避孕手段，并采取措施加速降低儿童死亡率，提高受教 育程度，尤其是女孩的受教育程度。 daccess-ods.un.org | Given that fertility has declined relatively slowly or has even increased in the 20 countries considered, it is likely that those countries will achieve at bestthefertility reductionsprojected [...] in the medium scenario, [...]and more effective programmes are therefore urgently needed in order to improve reproductive health and expand access to modern contraception together with measures to accelerate the reduction of child mortality and to increase educational attainment, particularly of girls. daccess-ods.un.org |
撒哈拉以南非洲少女生育率最高，少女生育率达到千分之一百二十三， 为排名第二的拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的将近两倍。 daccess-ods.un.org | The adolescentbirth rateis highest in sub-Saharan Africa, where the rate of 123 births per 1,000 teenage girls was almost twice [...] that of Latin America [...]and the Caribbean, the second ranked region. daccess-ods.un.org |
生育率高居不下造成的高人口增长使 得对现有资源的需求越来越大，降低了各国政府应对新挑战的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | High population growth resulting from [...] sustained high fertilityimposesincreasing [...]demands on existing resources and reduces [...]the capacity of Governments to respond to new challenges. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些结果表明，在非洲大 多数人口众多的国家和亚洲的几个国家，特别是不变式假设中那些人口到 2100 年至少将增长三倍的国家，目前的生育率水平是不可能长久维持下去的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such results suggest that current levels of fertility are unlikely to be sustainable over the long run in most of the populous countries of Africa and in several of those in Asia, particularly those whose population would at least triple by 2100 under the no-change scenario. daccess-ods.un.org |
布隆迪、利比里亚、 卢旺达和坦桑尼亚联合共和国这 4 个最贫困国家的贫困人口比例均超过 75%，总和生育率超过每名妇女 6 个子女，人口增长率高于 2.5%。 daccess-ods.un.org | The four poorest countries — Burundi, Liberia, Rwanda and the United Republic of Tanzania — each with a poverty level [...] surpassing 75 per cent, [...] also hadatotal fertility surpassing 6 children per woman and population growth ratessurpassing [...]2.5 per cent. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了加速降 低儿童死亡率，特别是在生育率偏高的低收入国家，必须扩大计划生育机会，结 合振兴各项努力，扩大旨在改善儿童健康的干预措施，这对确保实现千年发展目 标 4 至关重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | In order to accelerate the reduction [...] of childmortality,particularly in low-income countries withhigh fertility, expanded access [...]to family planning [...]combined with reinvigorated efforts to expand interventions to improve child health is crucial to ensure the achievement of Millennium Development Goal 4. daccess-ods.un.org |
生育率和人口增长的显 着下降主要是由于亚太经社会成员国重视并且意识到与人口和发展相关 的问题，特别是在 [...] 1963 年新德里召开的第一届亚洲人口会议(当时亚太经 社会名为亚洲及远东经济委员会，本区域只有 5 个国家制订了官方的人口 政策)之后的 40 年中更是这样11 。 daccess-ods.un.org | Those notable declines in fertilityand population growth [...] were mostly the result of ESCAP member States according importance [...]and recognition to issues relating to population and development, in particular during the four decades following the First Asian Population Conference, held in New Delhi in 1963, when ESCAP was still known as the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East and when only five countries in the region had official population policies.11 The programmes relating to population, reproductive health and family welfare that were widely implemented by Governments, in collaboration with development partners and non-governmental organizations, greatly contributed to the decline in fertility in the region. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 4 月 11 日第 2 次会议上，人口司生育率和计划生育科科长、联合国人口 基金技术支助司司长和联合国人口基金技术司人口与发展处处长作了介绍性发 言。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the2nd meeting, on 11 April, introductory statements were made by the Chiefof theFertility and Family Planning [...] Section of the [...]Population Division; the Director of the Technical Support Division of the United Nations Population Fund; and the Chief of the Population and Development Branch, Technical Division, United Nations Population Fund. daccess-ods.un.org |
非经常出版物：生育率、人口趋势变化和发展专家组会议的报告(网络版)；生育率、人口趋势变化和发展专家组会议的文件(网络版)(6)；生育率与计划生育领域的新问 题；国际移民与发展专家组会议的报告；国际移民与发展专家组会议文件(网络 版)(6)；健康与死亡率专家组会议的报告；健康与死亡率专家组会议的文件(网络 版)(3)；健康与死亡率领域的新问题；健康与死亡率领域的新问题(网络版)；国际移 民政策；国际移民政策(网络版) daccess-ods.un.org | (ii) Non-recurrent publications: report of the expert group meeting on fertility, changing population trends and development (Web version); papers from the expert group meetingon fertility, changing population trends and development (Web version) (6); emergingissues in fertilityand family planning; [...] report of the [...]expert group meeting on international migration and development; papers from the expert group meeting on international migration and development (Web version) (6); report of the expert group meeting on health and mortality; papers from the expert group meeting on health and mortality (Web version) (3); emerging issues on health and mortality; emerging issues on health and mortality (Web version); international migration policies; international migration policies (Web version) daccess-ods.un.org |
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