| 单词 | 恶性通货膨胀 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 恶性通货膨胀 —hyperinflationSee also:通货膨胀 n—inflation n 膨胀—expand • inflate 膨胀 adj—swollen adj • swellable adj 膨胀 n—dilatation n
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在发生恶性 通货膨胀的地 方，养恤金、伤残保险、保健福利和人们的储蓄几乎变得一文不值。 monitoringris.org | Where it [...] has occurred, hyperinflation has rendered [...]pensions, disability insurance, health benefits and savings almost worthless. monitoringris.org |
恶性通货 膨胀后货 币得以重新流通，促使货币需求增加，完全抵消了信贷扩张带来的潜在 通胀压力。 daccess-ods.un.org | Increased money demand, supported by post-hyperinflation remonetization, more than offset potential inflation pressures associated with credit expansion. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 采取措施，抵消恶性通货膨胀对养 恤金、伤残保险和储蓄安排的影响； (e) 请国际组织，尤其是国际金融机构，按照其任务规定，协助发展中国家 及所有有需要的国家努力建立基本社会保护，特别是保护老年人。 monitoringris.org | (e) Invite international organizations, in particular the international financial institutions, according to their mandates, to assist developing countries and all countries in need in their efforts to achieve basic social protection, in particular for older persons. monitoringris.org |
资本流入 不断增加，恶性通货膨胀后货 币得以重新流通，在这种情况下，更好的经济政策 和信贷扩张带动国内生产总值增长率转负为正，2009 年达到 3.7%。 daccess-ods.un.org | GDP growth moved into positive territory, posting 3.7 per cent in 2009, bolstered by improved economic policies and credit expansion in a context of rising capital inflows and post-hyperinflation remonetization. daccess-ods.un.org |
1988年，巴西爆发每月50%至80%的 恶性通货膨胀 ， 公共卫生体系也遭遇了严重问题，在这种情况下，BIOTRONIK捐赠了5000台起搏器，满足了巴西60%的需求，拯救了5000条生命并维护了这些患者的生活质量。 tipschina.gov.cn | In 1988, with inflation at 50% to 80% per month [...] and the public health system experiencing critical problems, BIOTRONIK donated [...]5000 pacemakers, supplying 60% of the Brazilian demand, saving 5000 lives and preserving the quality of life for these patients. tipschina.gov.cn |
这些冲击包括外部环境恶化、通货膨 胀压力 增加、收入不等加剧、社会紧张度上升，使不确 定 性 和 脆 弱性增加。 daccess-ods.un.org | These shocks included growing uncertainties and [...] vulnerabilities [...] created by the deterioration in the external environment, rising inflationary pressures, increased income inequalities and escalated [...]social tensions. daccess-ods.un.org |
例如，良性通货膨胀前景为南非储备 银行提供足够的回旋余地，保持银根宽松以支持复苏。 daccess-ods.un.org | For example, the benign inflation outlook provided [...] enough leeway to the South African Reserve Bank to sustain monetary easing [...]with the aim of supporting the recovery. daccess-ods.un.org |
作为 一个提醒，实际零增长预算数额仅补偿由于法定增长 、 通货膨胀 和 技 术 性 调 整 造成的购买力 损失。 unesdoc.unesco.org | As a reminder, a ZRG budget level compensates only for the loss of purchasing power due to [...] statutory increases, inflation and technical adjustments. unesdoc.unesco.org |
目前家庭持续的去杠杆化以及政府的财政紧缩措施，再加上顽固 的高失业率，使欧洲面临着进入通货 紧 缩 的下 行 恶性 循 环 的极大风险。 daccess-ods.un.org | Together with persistent high unemployment, the still ongoing deleveraging by households and fiscal [...] austerity measures by Governments is keeping the risk of Europe [...] entering into a downward, deflationary spiral dangerously high. daccess-ods.un.org |
其中最为重要的是粮食价格 持续上涨并导致营养缺失；过去四年商品价格极度波动对增长造成负面累积影 响，并威胁到来之不易的发展成就，特别是导致在其他方面采用健全宏观经济政 策的最不发达国家出现通货膨胀；国际金融危机及其后续调整的延 续 性 影 响 ；以 及通过预算借款提高债务水平和降低许多最不发达国家的增长预期，使债务可持 续性遭受损害。 daccess-ods.un.org | Among the most important are the secular rise in food prices and the resulting nutrition scarcity; extreme volatility in commodity prices during the past four years, which has had negative cumulative effects on growth and has threatened to unwind hard-earned [...] developmental successes, not least [...] by inducing inflation in least developed countries that were otherwise following sound macroeconomic policies; lingering effects of the international financial crisis and subsequent adjustments; and undermining debt sustainability [...]by increasing debt [...]levels through borrowing for budgetary support, and by lowering growth prospects for many least developed countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
对于出现通货膨胀、资本流入变化无常和财政赤字不断上升等共同的 宏观经济挑战，他强调发展区域监控和预警系统以及对换安排十分重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | With regard to common macroeconomic [...] challenges, such as inflation, volatile capital [...]inflows and rising fiscal deficits, he [...]emphasized the importance of developing regional surveillance and warning systems, as well as swap arrangements. daccess-ods.un.org |
世卫组织代表回应说，在世卫组织预算制定过程中是不会自动考 虑 通货膨胀 因素 的，而确定世卫组织一般性食品 安全计划的预算水平的权力在世卫组织成员国手中，而 不在秘书处手中，而拨给食典的款项正是出自此类预算。 codexalimentarius.org | The Representative of WHO replied that within the WHO's budget preparation [...] process there was no [...] policy to provide for compensation of inflation automatically and that it was not the [...]WHO secretariat but [...]the member states of WHO that had the power to determine the budget levels for the WHO food safety programme in general, from which the Codex contribution was drawn. codexalimentarius.org |
秘书长关于汇率和通货膨胀率变 动对卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭和前 南斯拉夫问题国际法庭 2010-2011 两年期拟议预算的影响报告(A/64/570) 中所述重计费用反映了实际通货膨胀 的 最 新数据、薪金调查结果、年度 生活费调整、2009 年工作地点差价调整指数变动，以及 2009 年业务汇率 变化的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The recosting reflected in the report of the Secretary-General on the [...] effect of changes in [...] rates of exchange and inflation on the proposed budgets of both the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia for the biennium 2010–2011 (A/64/570) reflects the impact of the latest data on actual inflation, the outcome of [...]salary surveys, the [...]annual cost-of-living adjustments, the movement of post adjustment indices in 2009 and the effect of the evolution of operational rates of exchange in 2009. daccess-ods.un.org |
与 2008/09 年度相比，2009/10 年度期间的所需资源增加了 22%，其主要原 因可归结为：(a) 依照大会有关人力资源管理的第 63/250 号决议的规定，国际 [...] 工作人员的薪金(包括工作地点差价调整数)和一般工作人员费用所需资源增加 [...] (这笔费用因特派任务生活津贴的所需资源取消而部分抵消)；(b) 特派团无力控 制的诸多结构性通货膨胀因素 致使特派团不得不支付更多的费用来提供与 [...]2008/09 年度同等水平的支助。 daccess-ods.un.org | The resource requirements for 2009/10 reflect an increase of 22 per cent compared with 2008/09, which is primarily attributable to: (a) additional resources for salaries, including post adjustment, and common staff costs for international staff, pursuant to General Assembly resolution 63/250 on human resources management, offset in part by the elimination of requirements for mission [...] subsistence allowance; and (b) a [...] number of structural inflationary factors that are [...]beyond the Mission’s ability to control [...]and have resulted in increased costs to maintain the same level of support that was provided during 2008/09. daccess-ods.un.org |
今天，在我们生活在宗教和民族意识高涨的时 代，在某些情况下过分膨胀，有时遭 到 恶 意 利 用，助 长了基于族裔、宗教或文化的冲突。 daccess-ods.un.org | Today we are living at a time of heightened religious and ethnic awareness, which in certain [...] instances has taken exaggerated [...] forms and is sometimes maliciously exploited to fuel conflicts [...]on ethnic, religious or cultural grounds. daccess-ods.un.org |
在欧洲，与其现行由债务困扰国通过痛苦的衰 退 性 通 货 紧缩来进行不对称调整， 不如采取更对称的渐进步骤；存在更大财政空间的国家在整个欧元区推 动 通货再 膨胀，从而也支持债务困扰国的恢复，并为其缓解一些财政痛苦，同时为所有经 济体的结构改革和随后将逐步实施的中期财政紧缩计划创造更有利的条件。 daccess-ods.un.org | In Europe, instead of the present asymmetric adjustment through recessionary deflation — where most of the pain is concentrated on the countries in debt distress — it would entail a more symmetrical and sequenced approach with countries with greater fiscal space pushing for euro areawide reflation, thereby also supporting the recovery in debt-distressed countries and ease some of their fiscal pains, as well as creating for all economies more benign conditions for structural reforms and medium-term fiscal consolidation plans to be phased in subsequently. daccess-ods.un.org |
儿童可能也会经历其他急性和慢性压 力源头，如自然灾害和冲突、环 境 恶 化、 交通、过度保护和风险规避的趋向。 ipaworld.org | Children may also experience other [...] acute and chronic stressors, for example natural disasters and conflict, environmental degradation, traffic and trends towards [...]overprotection and risk aversion. ipaworld.org |
支出各款下的订正所需经费 5 143 456 800 美元是下列各项因素 的综合结果：按照咨询委员会在 [...] A/64/7 号文件和本补编 A/64/7/Add.4、 6 和 8 至 10 号文件中的建议，所需经费共增 3 627 600 美元；由于修 订汇率假设而增加 [...] 47 214 200 美元；由于修订通货膨胀假设而减少 110 917 000 美元。 daccess-ods.un.org | The revised requirements under the expenditure sections of $5,143,456,800 reflect the combined effect of recommendations of the Advisory Committee in document A/64/7 and in documents A/64/7/Add.4, 6 and 8-10 in the present supplement, which would result in additional requirements totalling $3,627,600; an increase of $47,214,200 [...] resulting from revised exchangerate assumptions; and a reduction of $110,917,000 [...] related to revised inflation assumptions. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于关闭边界、贸易条件恶化以及 通货膨胀， 使基本商品和食品价格上升 100%到 200%。 daccess-ods.un.org | Border closures, deteriorating terms of trade, and inflation have driven [...] the price of basic commodities and foodstuffs up by 100-200 per cent. daccess-ods.un.org |
全球投资环境自2011年底以来即取得显著的改善 [...] － 欧元区周边 国家破产的风险目前已经减退、美国经济数据指向经济复苏的 可持续性，而亚洲通货膨胀也正 缓和下来。 aia.com.sg | The investment environment has improved markedly since the end of 2011 - the risks of a blow-up in peripheral [...] Eurozone has receded for now, economic data point to a [...] sustained recovery in the US and inflation in Asia is moderating. aia.com.sg |
然而，近几十年来的经济政策一直强调短期宏观经济稳定——其定义是 低通 货膨胀率(通 常低于 5%)和低预算赤字(通常低于国内生产总值的 3%)——假定就 业将随之出现，把与工作质量和工作保障有关的劳动标准、政策和法规视为竞争 [...] 力的潜在障碍。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, economic policy in recent decades has emphasized short-term [...] macroeconomic stability — [...] defined as low inflation (usually below 5 per cent) and low budget deficits (usually below [...]3 per cent of gross [...]domestic product) — assuming employment would follow and viewing labour standards and policies and regulations concerned with work quality and job security as potential hindrances to competitiveness. daccess-ods.un.org |
有几个代表团表示难以理解，为什么食典这样的活 动在制定预算时没有考虑到通货膨胀 的 因 素。 codexalimentarius.org | Several delegations stated that it was [...] incomprehensible to them, how a budget for an activity such as Codex could be prepared [...] without taking into account inflation. codexalimentarius.org |
她回忆说，委员会将在稍后阶段讨论下一份预算执行 [...] 情况报告以及关于重计费用的详细信息；即将到来的 两年期第一年特别政治任务的概算；缓解外汇 和 通货 膨胀风险的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | She recalled that the Committee would be discussing at a later stage the next budget performance report, with detailed information on recosting; budgetary proposals for special political [...] missions for the first year of the forthcoming biennium; and measures to [...] mitigate foreign-exchange and inflation risks. daccess-ods.un.org |
在访问期间，工作组发现，非洲人后裔在葡萄牙面临的挑战主要涉及他们 作为一个特定群体在葡萄牙国家政策和立法框架中得不到承认；其在历史上对 该国的建设和发展作出积极贡献得不到承认；没有按种族或族裔分列的定性和 定量的分类数据；贫困、获得教育、公共服务和就业机会不平等，以及在行政 和司法制度运作方面的歧视，形成 恶性 循 环 ；存在种族貌相和警察暴力；在政 治和体制决策进程中代表不足，以及葡萄牙缺少针对非洲人后裔或其他少数群 体的具体措施或扶持行动政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | During their visit, the Working Group found that the challenges faced by people of African descent in Portugal related mainly to their lack of recognition as a specific group in the national policy and legal framework; the lack of recognition of their positive contribution throughout history to the construction and development of the country; the lack of qualitative and quantitative disaggregated data by racial or ethnic origin; the existence of a circle of poverty, unequal access to education, public services, employment, as well as discrimination in the administration and functioning of the justice system; existence of racial profiling and police violence; underrepresentation in political and institutional decision-making processes, as well as the lack of special measures or affirmative action policies in Portugal for people of African descent or other minorities. daccess-ods.un.org |
应当重视提高该地区各国在以下方面 的能力：确保可持续安全饮用水的供应，城市水资源的开发和管理战略，以及与城市及其周 边排水和卫生相关的问题，恢复恶化 了 的水生态系统，对正在消失的水资源进行研究、预防 和解决与水资源问题有关的冲突问题，建立分地区水观察站、研究某些生态系统、尤其红树 林系统的可持续性，以及利用当地知识来保护环境。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Emphasis should be placed on enhancing the capabilities of countries of the region to secure sustainable and safe drinking water supplies, [...] urban water [...] development and management strategies as well as issues related to urban and peri-urban drainage and sanitation, the rehabilitation of degraded water ecosystems, research on disappearing water resources, aspects of conflict prevention and resolution in relation [...]to water issues, [...]the creation of subregional water observatories, research in the sustainability of certain ecosystems and in particular of mangrove systems, as well as drawing on local knowledge for the protection of the environment. unesdoc.unesco.org |
根据深入分析实 际开支走向和关于薪金指数和消费价格的最新信息按支 出项目计算法定增长、通货膨胀和技 术 性 调 整 概算。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The statutory increases, inflation and technical adjustments estimates are calculated by item of expenditure based on an in-depth analysis of actual expenditure trends and the most recent information available concerning the evolution of salary indices and consumer prices. unesdoc.unesco.org |
会员国如果支持这一选择方案， 即表明其认为通货膨胀和法 定增长以及安全和大楼翻新方面的必要开支不应当影响中期战略 [...] （C/4）所约定的计划活动的按时完成。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In supporting this option, Member States [...] would indicate that inflation/statutory increases [...]and obligatory expenditures on security [...]and building renovation should not detract from the timely completion of programme activities as agreed upon in the Medium-Term Strategy (C/4). unesdoc.unesco.org |
这一选择方案仅降低了名义零增长方案的不利影响，因为它意味着要将偿还贝尔蒙计 [...] 划贷款和采取安全措施的费用全部列入预算，但本组织将需要在预算中匀支估计为 37,800,000 美元的整个通货膨胀和法定增长额。 unesdoc.unesco.org | This option which merely reduces the detrimental impact of the ZNG scenario would imply that the costs of the Belmont loan and security measures would be fully provided but the [...] Organization will be required to absorb the [...] entire amount of inflation and statutory increases [...]estimated at $37.8 million. unesdoc.unesco.org |
我们重申，宏观经济政策应着眼于维持高经济增长率、充分就业、消除贫穷 以及稳定的低通货膨胀，并 努力减少内外失衡情况，确保增长惠及全体人民、特 [...] 别是穷人。 daccess-ods.un.org | We reiterate that macroeconomic policies should be aimed at sustaining high rates of economic [...] growth, full employment, poverty eradication, and [...] low and stable inflation, and seek to minimize [...]domestic and external imbalances [...]to ensure that the benefits of growth reach all people, especially the poor. daccess-ods.un.org |
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