| 单词 | 强制实行 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 强制实行 verb—impose vSee also:强制—enforcement • enforce • compulsory • forcibly 强制 n—obligatory n • injunction n • voluntary n 实行—implement • carry out • put into practice 实行 (...) v—practice (sth.) v • realiseBE v • fulfillAE v • carry out sth. v • realize v
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因此，我们欢迎联合国人权事务高级专员进行的 努力，以及人权理事会在 2009 年 1 月 12 日通过的一 项决议，决议除其他以外，呼吁立即停止以色列的军 事袭击，并要求以色列占领军从加沙地带撤离；要求 占领国以色列解除对加沙地带 强制实行 的 围困，并开 放所有过境点、允许人道主义援助进入和自由行动； 敦促各方尊重国际人道主义法和人权法，并避免对平 民采取暴力行动；以及决定紧急派遣一个国际实地调 查团，调查占领国违反国际人权法和人道主义法的所 有行为。 daccess-ods.un.org | Accordingly, we welcome the efforts of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council’s adoption of a resolution on 12 January 2009, which, inter alia, calls for an immediate cessation of Israeli military attacks and demands the withdrawal of Israeli occupying forces from the Gaza Strip; demands that Israel, the occupying Power, lift the siege imposed on the Gaza Strip and open all border crossings to allow for access and the free movement of humanitarian aid; urges all parties to respect international humanitarian and human rights law and to refrain from violence against the civilian population; and decides to dispatch an urgent international fact-finding mission to investigate all violations of international human rights and humanitarian law by the occupying Power. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然有一些赔偿方案解决了因政治见解被剥夺职位 的公务员的问题，但在现实中，一些独裁者颁布 了 强制实行 家 长 制的法律，包括 制定规则，要求妇女在结婚时放弃就业，迄今为止，还没有任何赔偿方案适当地 [...] 反映这一事实。 daccess-ods.un.org | While several reparations programmes address the problem of civil servants who were deprived of their position because of their political views, no [...] programme to date has adequately [...] reflected on the fact that some dictatorships enacted legislation [...]enforcing patriarchy, including [...]rules that requested that women give up their employment at marriage. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些计划 [...] 支持对可能涉及放射性材料释放的事故做出迅速应对，并便利为快速查明并不 涉及放射性材料释放的事故建立必要的制度，这是避免扩 大 强制实行 保 护 性行 动措施的一种重要能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | They also facilitate the establishment of systems required for quickly identifying those accidents which do not involve a [...] release of radioactive material — an [...] important capability for avoiding the extended imposition of protective [...]action measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
毋庸置辩 的是，占领国意图使用此类非法手段驱逐巴勒斯坦居民 ， 强制实行 非 巴 勒斯坦化， 从而改变被占东耶路撒冷的市容及人口结构，与此同时，它又通过其他实际殖民 措施，在当地制造事实以推进该市的犹太化，这些措施包括修建和扩大定居点及 隔离墙，将成千上万更多的以色列定居者迁入，并在全市各处连续不停地进行开 挖，连“尊贵禁地”也不例外。 daccess-ods.un.org | The intent of the occupying Power is irrefutable — to alter the physical and demographic landscape of Occupied East Jerusalem by forcing its de-Palestinianization by driving out the Palestinian inhabitants of the city by such unlawful means, while at the same time promoting the city’s Judaization through other physical colonization measures that create facts on the ground, including the construction and expansion of settlements and the Wall, the transfer of thousands upon thousands of more Israeli settlers and the incessant excavations throughout the city, including in the area of Al-Haram Al-Sharif. daccess-ods.un.org |
想强制实行武装冲突时终止、退出或中止适用条约的和平解决争端制 度，是不现实的”。96 换言之，委员会认为，在一个或几个国家卷入武装冲突的这段期间，可能不是启 动现行解决机制的理想时刻：有关国家将认为它们有更紧急的事要做，完全不想 [...] 在这个时候考虑此问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | it was unrealistic to seek to impose a peaceful settlement of disputes regime for the termination, [...] withdrawal from or suspension [...]of treaties in the context of armed conflict.96 In other words, a period during which one or more States are involved in an armed conflict would not be, in the Commission’s opinion, the ideal time for setting in motion the existing dispute settlement mechanisms: the State or States in question will consider that they have more urgent things to do and will have no inclination to address that issue at that particular time. daccess-ods.un.org |
除了欧盟理事会的决定外，欧盟理事会通过了一项执行关于对伊朗实行 限制性措施的(欧盟理事会)第 423/2007 号条例第 7 条第 2 款的条例，以便 为欧盟自主指定个人和实体的新措施，依 法 强制实行 资 产 冻结。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition to the Council decision, the Council adopted a regulation implementing article 7, paragraph 2, of Council Regulation (EC) No. 423/2007 on [...] restrictive measures against Iran in order [...] to legally enforce the asset freeze for the new EU autonomous designations of persons and entities. daccess-ods.un.org |
第 13.1 段谈到《公约》签署后更改法律的情况，最后一句话是：“如果《公 约》签署时有效的法律与强制实行征 税 时有效的法律有冲突，应以对后者的解释 为准”。 daccess-ods.un.org | Concern was expressed over the use of the word “imposed” in the last sentence of paragraph 13.1, dealing with a situation in which the law changed after the Convention was signed: “When a conflict arises between the legislation in force when the Convention was signed and that in force when the tax is imposed, the latter interpretation prevails. daccess-ods.un.org |
20 世纪 90 年代初，中国支持安理会 派遣执行部队（IFOR）和稳定部队（SFOR）在 波斯尼亚开展维和行动以及在索马里开 展 强制实 现和平行动。 crisisgroup.org | It supported the resolutions authorising IFOR and KFOR in Bosnia and peace enforcement operations in Somalia in the early 1990s. crisisgroup.org |
尽管中国的政策精 英对西方在科索沃和伊拉克的“新干预主义”忧 心忡忡，但是它对强制实现和平行动 的 立场更加 微妙与务实。 crisisgroup.org | While Chinese policy elites have expressed considerable concern over the West’s “new [...] interventionism” in Kosovo and Iraq, China’s actual position [...] on peace enforcement operations has been far more nuanced and pragmatic. crisisgroup.org |
尽管反对国 际干预科索沃，而且中国驻贝尔格莱德大使馆遭 到轰炸，中国仍然支持了安理会在科索沃的各项 行动，包括强制实现和平行动（ 见第四部分 B 小 节）。 crisisgroup.org | Despite its opposition to intervention in Kosovo and damage to its embassy in Belgrade, China has supported every operation in Kosovo since, including peace enforcement operations (see Section IV.B). crisisgroup.org |
75 因为按照《声明》最不发达的国家在 2016 年以前可以不实行药品专利制度，所以利用这 一条款的国家就不能实行强制许可 ，没有专利制度的国家也都不 能 实行强制 许 可。 iprcommission.org | Developed countries, with one exception, suggest that criteria for defining this should be drawn up, without defining what these might be.75 Since the Declaration also allows [...] LDCs not to apply pharmaceutical patents until 2016, countries [...] that take advantage of this provision will not be able to issue compulsory licences, nor will any country where [...]a patent has not been taken out. iprcommission.org |
(c) 强调各成员国和阿拉伯卫生部长理事会继续努力改善保健标准的重要 性，办法是发展和提高医疗单位档次 ， 实行 家 庭保 健 制 度 ， 特别是在农村、边缘 化和贫穷地区，改善提供给妇女、儿童和老龄人的保健服务，并集中力量建设卫 生队的技术能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) To underline the importance of continued efforts by member States and the Council of Arab Ministers of Health to improve health care standards by developing and upgrading health care units and applying a family health regime, particularly [...] in rural, marginalized [...]and deprived areas, improving the health services provided to women, children and ageing persons, and focusing on building the technical capacities of health teams. daccess-ods.un.org |
若要解决任何未来的南海争端，中国政 府必须制定一致政策，要求各级政府统一 执 行 ，并 保证有强制实施政策的能力。 crisisgroup.org | Any future solution to the South China Sea disputes will require a consistent [...] policy from China executed uniformly throughout the different [...] levels of government along with the authority to enforce it. crisisgroup.org |
各位部长认识到，贩运人口和走私移徙者仍对人类构成严重挑战，需要国 [...] 际社会在合作与信息共享的基础上做出协调一致的回应，并敦促所有国家为此 制定、实行和加强有效 措施，防止、打击和消除各种形式的贩运人口行为，打 [...] 压对被贩运受害者的需求和保护受害者，特别是被强迫劳动、受到性剥削或商 [...]业剥削、暴力和性虐待的妇女和儿童。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Ministers recognised that trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants continue to pose a serious challenge to humanity and require concerted international response, based on cooperation and sharing of information, as [...] appropriate and urged to that end, [...] all States to devise, enforce and strengthen effective measures [...]to prevent, combat and eliminate [...]all forms of trafficking in persons to counter the demand for trafficked victims and to protect the victims, in particular women and children subjected to forced labour, or sexual or commercial exploitation, violence and sexual abuse. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些事项包括下列问题：(a) 设保人是否必须与借款人同为一人；(b)担保协议是否对所有相关的义 务 实 行担 保；(c)担保权是否必须服从任何法律限制；(d)贷款中是否必须有明确的支付时 间表；(e)是否有任何特别权利或义务（例如道路权或场地通行权）；(f)是否有任 何特别义务保全设保资产；(g)是否有任何义务不得转让设保资产或在该资产上 设定另一担保权；(h)在发生违约和 强制 执 行 时 如 何可以通知设保人和其他利益 相关方；(i)是否应当提及非司法执行；以及(j)是否应当有关于解决纠纷的条 款。 daccess-ods.un.org | These matters include the questions whether: (a) the grantor has to be the same person as the borrower; (b) the security agreement secures all the relevant obligations; (c) the security right is subject to any legal restrictions; (d) there must be a clear payment schedule in the credit; (e) there are any special rights or obligations (such as rights of way or rights of access to a site); (f) there are any special obligations for the preservation of encumbered assets; (g) there are any obligations not to transfer the encumbered asset or create another security right in it; (h) ways in which the grantor and other interested parties could be notified in the case of default and enforcement; (i) there should be a reference to extrajudicial enforcement; and (j) there should be a dispute resolution clause. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然中国看到内比都政府和 许多缅甸少数民族团体之间的长期对峙引发了很多 问题，但它希望能有一个强有力 的中央政府在国内 稳定的基础上通过逐步实行政策 调整来解决这些问 题，而不是靠实行自由民主或联邦制 ， 更 不能靠政 权改变。 crisisgroup.org | While China sees problems with the [...] long-term standoff between Naypyidaw and many of the country’s ethnic groups, its preferred approach to solve the situation is gradual policy adjustment by a strong central government on the basis of internal stability, not liberal democracy or federalism and certainly not regime change. crisisgroup.org |
该报告确定了若干必须加以促进的广泛政策 方向，具体如下：(a) 政府应越来越多地在城市中发挥更为重要的发展作用；(b) 经 过改革的城市规划系统必须充分和明确地应对当前和正在出现的城市挑战，包括 气候变化、快速城市化和贫穷、不断缩小的城市、老龄化、城市的多元文化组成、 非正规性和安全；(c) 各国应制定国家城市政策，以更加系统地应对城市挑战和 预期；以及(d) 应高度优先地重视并根据现实标准 发展很多发展中国家缺乏 的强 制执行城市规划监管的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | It identified a number of broad policy directions that must be promoted, as follows: (a) Governments should increasingly take on a more central development role in cities; (b) reformed urban planning systems must fully and unequivocally address the current and emerging urban challenges, including climate change, rapid urbanization and poverty, shrinking cities, ageing, multicultural composition of cities, informality and safety; (c) countries should formulate national urban policies in order to address urban challenges and prospects more systematically; and (d) capacity to enforce urban planning regulations, which is seriously lacking in many developing countries, should be given very high priority and should be developed on the basis of realistic standards. daccess-ods.un.org |
特别是，哥伦比亚革命武装力量－人民军系统化地实 施集体威胁，阻碍人员和货物的自由流动，并且通常在受其影响的地 区 实行强有 力的社会控制，限制整体的自由。 daccess-ods.un.org | FARC-EP, in particular, has resorted to collective threats in a systematic manner, obstruction of the freedom of movement of persons and goods, and, in general, enforcement of strong social control in areas of their influence, limiting overall freedom. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，在“日常”管理范围内，调动津贴办法依然几乎没有约束力，尚未 推 行 切 实 有 效 实 施这 一政策的所需手段，没有公布空缺职位名单，内部沟通也没有使工作地点变化的这一潜 在 强制 性特 点（就过渡时期而言）向前跨一步。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Thus, under the “standard” system of management, the application of the mobility scheme remains limited, the mechanisms needed to [...] make the policy fully effective have not yet been deployed, the lists of vacant posts [...] are not disseminated and the internal communication system has still not informed the staff of the potentially mandatory nature (at the end of the transition period) of rotation. unesdoc.unesco.org |
对此，会上指出，对权利持有人平 等待遇的担忧是不成立的，因为：(a)所讨论的规则处理的是担保权而不是权利 持有人实体权 利的适用法律问题；(b)欧洲联盟成员国已经采用这种做法，不存 在其违反《知识产权强制执行指令 》的问题；(c)在担保协议当事人（而不是知 识产权权利持有人）与现有知识产权登记处相关的期望基础上，这种做法也将 是有其正当理由的；(d)《指南》已经在有形资产方面采用了这一做法（见建议 203 和 205）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In response, it was stated that the concern about equal treatment of right holders was not valid, since: (a) the rule under discussion addressed the issue of the law [...] applicable to security [...] rights and not the substantive rights of right holders; (b) European Union Member States already followed that approach and there was no issue of them being in violation of the IPR Enforcement Directive; (c) such an approach [...]would be justified [...]on the basis of expectations of the parties to security agreements (not intellectual property right holders) associated with existing intellectual property registries; and (d) the Guide already followed that approach with respect to tangible assets (see recommendations 203 and 205). daccess-ods.un.org |
(f) 是否核准氟氯烃淘汰管理计划第一阶段的第一次付款及相应的 执 行 计 划 ，金 额为 145,970 美元，其中包括给开发计划署的 108,000 美元，外加 9,720 美 元的机构支助费用，以及给环境规划署的 25,000 美元，外加 3,250 美元的机 构支助费用，原因是秘书处尚未收到秘鲁政府的确认，即未确认已 落 实 关于 氟氯烃进出口许可证和配额的强制性 国 家制度，也未确认该制度能确保该国 遵守《蒙特利尔议定书》关于该协定期限的氟氯烃淘汰时间表。 multilateralfund.org | (f) Whether to approve the first tranche of stage I of the HPMP, and the corresponding implementation plan, at the amount of US $145,970, consisting of US $108,000, plus agency support costs [...] of US $9,720 for [...] UNDP, and US $25,000, plus agency support costs of US $3,250 for UNEP, given that the Secretariat did not receive a confirmation from the Government of Peru that an enforceable national system of licensing and quotas 12 for HCFC imports and exports is in place and that the system is capable of ensuring the country's compliance with the Montreal Protocol HCFC phase-out schedule [...]for the duration of this Agreement. multilateralfund.org |
执行委员会期望当前的 管制工作将得到进一步的加强，实施 第 三阶段内建立的监 测 制 度 ， 以确保通过 执 行 其 氟氯 烃淘汰管理计划，全面遵守和有效控制氟氯烃消费。 multilateralfund.org | The Executive Committee expects that the on-going regulatory efforts will be further enhanced by the implementation of monitoring system put in place during [...] the third phase as to ensure full compliance and effective control of HCFCs consumption through implementation of its HCFC phase-out management plan. multilateralfund.org |
深为关切以色列通过实行实际上等同于封锁的长期关闭做法和严厉的经济 和出入限制措施、强行关闭 过境点、建立检查站 及 实行 许 可 制 度 ，继续在包括东 耶路撒冷在内的整个巴勒斯坦被占领土奉行关闭和严格限制人员和货物，包括医 护和人道主义人员和货物出入的政策，深为关切这样做对仍然是一场重大人道主 义危机的巴勒斯坦人民的社会经济状况，对旨在恢复和发展遭到破坏的巴勒斯坦 经济的努力，并对被占领土的毗连产生不利影响 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing deep concern about the continuing [...] Israeli policy of closures [...] and severe restrictions on the movement of persons and goods, including medical and humanitarian personnel and goods, via the imposition of prolonged closures and severe economic and movement restrictions that in effect [...]amount to a blockade, [...]crossing closures, checkpoints and a permit regime throughout the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the consequent negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the Palestinian people, which remains that of a dire humanitarian crisis, as well as on efforts aimed at rehabilitating and developing the damaged Palestinian economy and on the contiguity of the Territory daccess-ods.un.org |
里 约集团承诺与联合国合作，提高国际标准， 加 强和 巩固现有的国际文书和机制，实现同 儿童有关的千 年发展目标，并落实宣言和行动计划，从而建立“适 合儿童生长的世界”。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Rio Group was committed to working with the United [...] Nations on raising [...] international standards, strengthening and consolidating existing international instruments and mechanisms, fulfilling the Millennium Development [...]Goals related to [...]children and the declaration and plan of action for “A World Fit for Children”. daccess-ods.un.org |
对于叙利亚的这种开放态度、合作和承诺，自大 马士革接受安南先生的计划以来，恐怖分子的活动出 现了升级，包括实施侵略行为以及打死政府部队士兵 和平民；破坏和摧毁基础设施；强行 驱 逐 和平公民并 把他们迁至邻国境内的预制营地 ，目的是为制造难民 危机奠定基础，以便用于政治目的并随后用来建立所 谓的缓冲区，这反过来将为要求外国进行军事干预提 供理由。 daccess-ods.un.org | In return for this openness, cooperation and commitment on the part of Syria, and since Damascus accepted Mr. Annan’s plan, terrorist [...] operations have [...] escalated, including acts of aggression and the killing of Government forces and civilians; the sabotage and destruction of infrastructure; and the forcible eviction of peaceful citizens and their relocation to prefabricated camps in neighbouring countries, with the objective [...]of laying the groundwork [...]for the creation of a refugee crisis to be used for political ends and later built upon to establish so-called buffer zones that would, in turn, justify calls for foreign military intervention. daccess-ods.un.org |
提交人强调，暂停施行强制令和 要求保护基本自 由的紧急申诉被确认是可以受理的，但行政法院驳回了这两个申诉，而有关案情 实质的 申诉，即使一惯判例认为竞争性考试的所有阶段，诸如“确定资格”阶 段，涉及决定而不是初步行为，因此可能在考试的任何时间提出质疑而不必要等 到公布了确定资格的最后结果，也被认为是不可受理的。 daccess-ods.un.org | The author stresses that the temporary suspension injunction and the urgent application for the protection of a fundamental freedom were found to be admissible but were rejected [...] by the Council of State, whereas [...]the application on the merits was found to be inadmissible, even though consistent jurisprudence has held that the stages of a competitive examination, such as the “qualification” stage, involve decisions and not preliminary acts and that it should therefore be possible to contest them at any time during the examination without it being necessary to await the publication of the final results on qualification. daccess-ods.un.org |
执行局还 请总干事“向其第一八一届会议提出 落 实强制 性 轮 换方案和可能的 短期流动方案的方法，以满足总部外的需要，包括概要介绍其财务影响和成本效益以及工作 人员的咨询与沟通渠道。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The Board then invited the [...] Director-General “to present to it at its 181st session a strategy for the implementation of the mandatory rotation scheme and a possible short-term [...]mobility scheme with [...]a view to meeting needs in the field, including an overview of the financial implications and cost-effectiveness, as well as staff counselling and communication mechanisms. unesdoc.unesco.org |
另外， 如果强制实施导 致了贫困消费者消费价格的提高，或威胁了一 些 行 业 （违反了《与贸易 有关的知识产权协议》的行业）的就业，甚至威胁到税收，那么，从政治方面讲，这将 具有高度的敏感性。 iprcommission.org | In addition the strengthening of enforcement can be highly sensitive in political terms if it increases prices [...] for poor consumers, [...]or threatens employment in industries that are infringing or even the tax revenues derived from them. iprcommission.org |
相反，当国际社会决心执行武装 冲突中保护平民 所需的法律，通过现有机制实现这 一目标时，它在很 多时候成功地遏制了有罪不罚现象，确保平民受到保 护，其人权得到加强。 daccess-ods.un.org | Conversely, when the international [...] community has been determined to enforce the laws necessary for the protection of [...] civilians in times of armed conflict and to achieve that through existing mechanisms, it has succeeded on many occasions in fighting impunity, ensuring the protection of civilians and strengthening their human rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
表示赞赏各国为消除一切形式暴力侵害妇女行为做出的努力和开展的大量 活动，使立法和刑事司法制度得以强 化 ，诸如通过了国 家 行 动 计划、战略和国家 协调机制，实施预 防措施，包括提高认识和能力建设，加强对受害人和幸存者的 保护、支持和服务，以及改善数据收集和分析工作 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing its appreciation for the efforts and the high number of activities undertaken by States to eliminate all forms [...] of violence against women that [...] have resulted in the strengthening of legislation and the criminal justice system, such as adopting national action plans, strategies and national coordination mechanisms, implementing prevention measures, [...]including awareness-raising [...]and capacity-building, reinforcing protection, support and services for victims and survivors, and improving data collection and analysis daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。