| 单词 | 海鹫 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 海鹫 —sea eagleSee also:鹫—vulture • condor • cruel • black eagle
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还存在降低债务可收回性和减少秃鹫 基 金裁决的强大的公众利益理由，即 本法有助于促进债权人之间的公平和重债穷国的发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | There are also compelling public interest grounds [...] for reducing the recoverability of debts [...] and judgements by vulture funds, namely, [...]that the Act promotes fairness among creditors [...]and that it promotes the development of HIPCs. daccess-ods.un.org |
这次事件和报告中详述的其他举措促使独立专家决定把本报 告的重点确定为秃鹫基金。 daccess-ods.un.org | This event and other initiatives detailed in this report informed the decision of the independent expert to focus the [...] present report on vulture funds. daccess-ods.un.org |
简言之，秃鹫基金 侵蚀了贫困国家从债务减免中获得的收益，损害 了这些国家人权义务的实现。 daccess-ods.un.org | In short, vulture funds erode the [...] gains from debt relief for poor countries and jeopardize the fulfilment of these countries’ human rights obligations. daccess-ods.un.org |
53 因此，独立专家呼吁所有国家――无论是债权人还是债务人――即刻考虑立法，以 便在其各自辖域内将秃鹫基金 牟取暴利的行为确定为非法。 daccess-ods.un.org | 53 The independent expert therefore calls upon all countries — creditor and debtor alike — [...] to urgently consider enacting legislation [...] that would make vulture fund profiteering [...]illegal within their respective jurisdictions. daccess-ods.un.org |
(29) 與任何政府或機關（最高、市、地方或其他級別）或任何可能有助實踐本公 司全部或其中任何目的之法團、公司或人士訂立任何安排，並向任何該等政 府、機關、法團、公司或人士取得任何約章、合約、法令、權利、特權及優 惠以及實行、行使及遵守任何該等約章、合約、法令、權利、特權及優惠； 申請、促進及取得任何可直接或間接令本公司受惠之法規、法令、規例或其 他授權或頒令，及反對任何可能直接或間接損害本公司利益之法案、法律程 序或申請；及促使本公司在任何其他 海 外 國家或地方根據當地法例登記或取 得認可地位。 equitynet.com.hk | (29) To enter into any arrangements with any Governments or authorities (supreme, municipal, local or otherwise), or any corporations, companies, or persons that may seem conducive to the attainment of the Company's objects, or any of them, and to obtain from any such Government, authority, corporation, company or person any charters, contracts, decrees, rights, privileges and concessions and to carry out, exercise and comply with any such charters, contracts, decrees, rights, privileges and concessions; to apply for, promote and obtain any statute, order, regulation or other authorisation or enactment which may seem calculated directly or indirectly to benefit the Company, and to oppose any bills, proceedings or applications which may seem calculated or likely directly or indirectly to prejudice the Company's interests; and to procure the Company to be registered or recognised in or under the laws of any other foreign country or place. equitynet.com.hk |
从人权角度来讲，由负有不可持续债务水平的贫穷国家向 秃 鹫 基 金支付过 高赔款会对这些国家的政府履行其人权义务的能力造成直接的不利影响，特别是 [...] 经济、社会和文化权利方面，如享有饮水和环境卫生、粮食、保健、适足住房和 教育的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | From a human rights perspective, the [...] settlement of excessive vulture fund claims by [...]poor countries with unsustainable debt levels [...]has a direct negative effect on the capacity of the Governments of these countries to fulfil their human rights obligations, especially with regard to economic, social and cultural rights, such as the rights to water and sanitation, food, health, adequate housing and education. daccess-ods.un.org |
本法的有效期为生效 [...] 之日起一年(当然也可续期或者定为长期法律)，其目的是限制 秃 鹫 基 金 利用联合 王国法院追偿重债穷国所欠债务的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Act, which has a duration of one year from the date of commencement (although it may be extended for a further period [...] or made permanent), is designed to limit [...] the ability of vulture funds to use courts [...]in the United Kingdom to recover debts owed by HIPCs. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据独立专家的估计，贸易协会呈文和 秃 鹫 基 金 的其他拥护者提出的类似关 切看似建立在一种错误的假定上：商场拥有高效的自我纠正机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the estimation of the independent expert, the [...] EMTA submission and similar concerns by other [...] proponents of vulture funds appear [...]to be based on the erroneous assumption that [...]markets have efficient, self-correcting mechanisms. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于以往诉讼的高成功率可能会招致更多针对重债 穷国的诉讼，亟需采取更具体的、可依法强制执行的措施遏制掠夺性的 秃 鹫 基金 活动和保护国际债务减免努力的惠益。 daccess-ods.un.org | Given that the success rate of past litigation may generate more lawsuits against HIPCs, more concrete, legally enforceable measures are urgently required to curb predatory creditor activity and preserve the gains from international debt relief efforts. daccess-ods.un.org |
经社会了解到太平洋小岛屿国家为保护生物多样性和维系生态系统服 务能力而出台的各种举措，诸如太平洋最大 的 海 洋 保 护区——基里巴斯的菲 尼克斯群岛保护区、以及涵盖亚太区域若干国家的珊瑚礁三角区倡议——这 [...] 一地区拥有世界最大面积的红树林，提供了金枪鱼和其他全球重要鱼种产卵 [...]和幼体生长的重要区域。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission was informed of initiatives that were being undertaken by Pacific island developing countries to protect biodiversity and the maintenance of ecosystem services, such as the Phoenix Islands [...] Protected Area in Kiribati, [...] the largest marine protected area in the Pacific Ocean, and the [...]Coral Triangle Initiative, which [...]covered a number of countries in the Asia-Pacific region, included the greatest extent of mangrove forests in the world and provided a critical spawning and juvenile growth area for tuna and other globally significant fish species. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 2010/11 年度期间，稳定团与海地政 府、国家机构、非政府组织以及联合 国一道,致力于：(a) [...] 提升民间社会团体通过参与重建工作倡导社会和经济权利的 能力；(b) 协助政府报告、预防和应对侵犯人权，特别是侵犯儿童和妇女权利的行 为：(c) [...] 确保在向受地震影响的脆弱人群提供人道主义援助时采用保护的原则和标 准，并在提供援助过程中与地方当局密切协调；以及(d) 向国家警察提供临时的后 勤和技术专家支持，以便向暴力行为和虐待行为的受害者，包括主要发生在流离失 所者营地的性暴力和性别暴力的儿童和妇女受害者提供援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | During the 2010/11 period, the Mission worked with [...] the Government of Haiti, State institutions, [...]NGOs and the United Nations country [...]team to: (a) promote the capacity of civil society groups to advocate social and economic rights through participation in the reconstruction process; (b) assist the Government to report, prevent and respond to human rights violations, with particular regard to the rights of children and women; (c) ensure that humanitarian assistance to vulnerable persons affected by the earthquake incorporated the principles and standards on protection and was provided in close coordination with local authorities; and (d) provide temporary logistical and technical expert support to the national police to assist children and women victims of abuse and violence, including sexual and genderbased violence mainly in camps of displaced persons. daccess-ods.un.org |
该设施是一个独立的实体，为面临秃 鹫 基 金提出的法律诉讼的国家提 供援助，以及就贷款谈判和协议提供技术援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was noted that the Facility is an independent entity which [...] provided assistance to States confronted [...] with lawsuits by vulture funds, as well [...]as technical assistance on loan negotiations and agreements. daccess-ods.un.org |
正是国家规章的缺乏为金融危机中 [...] 显示出的各种滥用行为提供了便利。72 各政府在世界金融和经济危机及其对发 展的影响会议的成果中承认，引起这场危机的原因是“监管失误，再加上过度依 [...] 赖市场的自我调节，总体缺乏透明度和财务健全性，加上行为不负责任……”73 秃鹫基金是这个存在缺陷的国际金融体系的一部分。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is precisely the lack of State regulation that facilitated the abuses that manifested themselves in the financial crisis.72 In the Outcome of the Conference on the World Financial and Economic Crisis and Its Impact on Development, Governments recognized that the crisis was caused by “regulatory failures, compounded by over-reliance on market self-regulation, overall lack of transparency, [...] financial integrity and irresponsible [...] behaviour …”.73 Vulture funds are part of [...]this flawed international financial system. daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金”一词用于描述私人商业实体通过购买、转让或其他交易形式， 获得违约或不良债务，有时是实际的法庭裁决，以期获得高回报。 daccess-ods.un.org | The term “vulture funds” is used to [...] describe private commercial entities that acquire, either by purchase, assignment or [...]some other form of transaction, defaulted or distressed debts, and sometimes actual court judgements, with the aim of achieving a high return. daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金 还会阻碍重债穷国为恢复 他们与国际银行业的正常金融关系所做的努力。 daccess-ods.un.org | They may also hamper efforts by HIPCs to normalize their financial relationships with the international banking community. daccess-ods.un.org |
这包括：兴建中的若开邦首府实兑附近 的印度洋海域深海港口 以及平行公路、高速铁路、 石油管道和天然气管道，这将建起一个缅甸通往中 国西南部内陆省份的能源和贸易走廊；加叻丹多式 运输项目（Kaladan multi-modal project）将在印度 洋和印度东部沿海地区 之间、印度洋和印度东北部 内陆地区之间建起一条交通走廊；以及达维发展项 目（Dawei Development Project），按照计划，该项 目将在缅甸南部修建一个大型工业区和一个现代化 深海港， 以及连通泰国并进一步通至越南的公路和 铁路，这样可以从陆路将货物运送至泰国和越南， 比起经马六甲海峡的海路运 输要少花好几天时间。 crisisgroup.org | These include: a deep-sea port being constructed on the Indian Ocean near the Rakhine State capital of Sittwe, and parallel road, high-speed rail, and oil and natural gas pipelines that will create an energy and trade corridor to China’s landlocked south west; the Kaladan multi-modal project that will create a transportation corridor between the Indian Ocean and India’s eastern seaboard and its landlocked north east; and the Dawei Development Project which, if completed according to plan, would include a large industrial estate and modern deep-sea port in the south, with road and rail links for transhipment of goods to Thailand and on to Vietnam, cutting several days off the sea route through the [...] Straits of Malacca. crisisgroup.org |
与贸易协会的观点相反，旨在保护债务减免收益免遭 秃 鹫 ― ― 基金掠夺性活 动侵蚀的法律不会削弱二级债务市场。 daccess-ods.un.org | Contrary to the claims of the EMTA, legislation designed [...] to protect debt relief gains from the predatory [...] activities of vulture funds would not [...]curtail the secondary debt market. daccess-ods.un.org |
咨询委员会收到以下说明：尽管报告的提交在时间上有巧合，但秘 [...] 书长设立应急准备和支助股的提议并非具体针 对 海 地 最近发生自然灾害 的有关需要，而是要作出安排，以应对因自然灾害、针对联合国的恶意 [...]行为或其他紧急情况而已经发生或可能发生的危机。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Advisory Committee received the following clarification: in spite of the timing of its presentation, the proposal of the Secretary-General to establish an Emergency Preparedness and Support Unit was intended not to respond specifically [...] to requirements related to the recent [...] natural disaster in Haiti, but rather to put [...]in place arrangements to deal with any [...]crisis that has occurred or that may occur as the result of natural disasters, malicious acts directed at the United Nations or other emergencies. daccess-ods.un.org |
他特别称赞联合王国通过法律保护贫穷国家免遭 秃 鹫 基 金 诉讼 的侵害和保障来自国际债务减免努力的收益。 daccess-ods.un.org | In particular, he commends the United Kingdom [...] for passing legislation to protect poor [...] countries against vulture fund lawsuits [...]and to safeguard the gains from international debt relief efforts. daccess-ods.un.org |
在这个时候，出现了两个新种族：Skeksis， 秃 鹫 般 的 暴君使用的“黑暗水晶”的力量不断地补充自己，驼背的自然精灵称为神秘主义者。 zh-cn.seekcartoon.com | At this time, two new races [...] appeared: the Skeksis, vulture-like tyrants using [...]the power of the “Dark Crystal” to continually [...]replenish themselves, and hunchbacked natural wizards called Mystics. seekcartoon.com |
秃鹫基金的行为不仅减少了来自债务减免的收益，还使债务减免进程变得更 加复杂，并损害到其他债权人，方法是通过强迫债务国以牺牲可能参与了债务重 组的负责任的债权人的利益为代价给予 秃 鹫 基 金 优惠待遇。 daccess-ods.un.org | Vulture fund activity not only dilutes the gains from debt relief, it also complicates the debt relief process and undermines other creditors by forcing debtor countries to grant vulture funds preferential treatment at the expense of responsible creditors who may be involved in [...] debt [...]restructuring with the debtor countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然有迹象表明，基金组织目前正在探索将来如 何帮助面临秃鹫基金 索赔的国家，但是现阶段还不清楚这种帮助可能产生何种效 [...] 果，将来是否足以适当地处理这些问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although there are indications that IMF is currently examining [...] ways to provide help in the future to [...] countries faced with vulture fund claims, at [...]this stage it is unclear what this help [...]might entail and whether it will be sufficient to adequately deal with such problems in the future. daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金 诉讼阻碍了重债穷国利用债务减免释放的资源促进自身发展和执行 [...] 减贫方案，进而减损了这些国家创造实现其人民人权所需条件的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | Vulture fund litigation prevents [...] heavily indebted poor countries from using resources freed up by debt relief for their [...]development and poverty reduction programmes, and therefore diminishes the capacity of these countries to create the conditions necessary for the realization of human rights for their people. daccess-ods.un.org |
通过采取诉讼和其他手段迫使重债穷国挪用从债务取消中节省出来的财政 资源，秃鹫基金 减少了这些国家从债务减免中获得的有益影响或潜在收益，从而 [...] 削弱了国际商定的债务减免措施的核心目的。 daccess-ods.un.org | By forcing HIPCs, through litigation and other means, to [...] divert financial resources saved from [...] debt cancellation, vulture funds diminish [...]the impact of, or dilute the potential gains [...]from, debt relief for these countries, thereby undermining the core objectives of internationally agreed debt relief measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
申明从人权角度看，与极端的“秃鹫 基 金 ”结算对各国政府履行人权 义务，特别是经济、社会、文化权利方面的义务产生了直接的负面影响 daccess-ods.un.org | Affirms that, from a human rights perspective, the [...] settlement of excessive vulture funds has a direct [...]negative effect on the capacity of Governments [...]to fulfil their human rights obligations, especially with regard to economic, social and cultural rights daccess-ods.un.org |
我们深为 关切兀鹫基金的诉讼日益增加。 daccess-ods.un.org | We are deeply concerned [...] about increasing vulture fund litigation. daccess-ods.un.org |
值得注意的是，贸易协会成员中有一些是 秃 鹫 基 金 (如 Elliott Associates、 Debt Advisory International 和 Greylock Capital) 和律师事务所，如 Allen & Overy( 它在 Donegal International 诉赞比亚案中是前者的代理人) 和 Dechert LLP(它在 Hamsah Investments 和 Wall Capital 诉利比里亚案中是这两个秃鹫基金 的代理人)。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is noteworthy that EMTA includes [...] among its members a number of vulture funds (such as Elliott Associates, Debt Advisory International and Greylock Capital), as well as law firms such as Allen & Overy (which represented Donegal International in its lawsuit against Zambia) and Dechert LLP (which represented the two vulture funds, Hamsah Investments and Wall [...]Capital, in [...]their lawsuit against Liberia). daccess-ods.un.org |
本报告旨在实现三大目标：(a) 吸引全球关注“秃鹫基 金 ”活动对以下方面的不利影响：国际债务减免努力和从债务减免中受益的负债 [...] 穷国创造实现人权及其发展目标所需条件的能力；(b) 检查旨在打击这些投机性 投资者的措施和提案；和(c) 提出有关这些举措的建议。 daccess-ods.un.org | The present report is intended to achieve three objectives: [...] (a) to draw global attention to the [...] negative impacts of “vulture fund” activities [...]on international debt relief efforts and [...]on the capacity of indebted poor countries that have benefitted from debt relief to create the necessary conditions for the realization of human rights and attainment of their development goals; (b) to examine the measures and proposals designed to combat these speculative investors; and (c) to make recommendations concerning these initiatives. daccess-ods.un.org |
联合王国政府在其有关秃鹫基金立法的磋商文件中承认，利比里亚的回购计 划是成功的，但同时警告说“未参加的债权人仍然持有对利比里亚的债权――占 [...] 减债机制回购计划成本的 85%”。70 此外，世界银行和基金组织一再强调尽管 重债穷国倡议帮助重债穷国国家减少了外债负担，仍然存在一些挑战，它们包括 [...] 确保重债穷国能够从包括私人债权人在内的所有债权人处获得完全的债务减免。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its consultation paper on vulture fund legislation, [...] the Government of the United Kingdom acknowledges the successful [...]Liberian buy-back operation but cautions that “the non-participating creditors continue to hold claims against Liberia worth 85% of the cost of the Debt Reduction Facility buybacks”.70 Further, the World Bank and IMF have repeatedly emphasized that while the HIPC Initiative has helped reduce the external debt burdens of HIPCs, a number of challenges remain, including ensuring that HIPCs get full debt relief from all creditors, including private creditors.71 This underscores the pressing need for legislative measures to combat predatory creditor activity. daccess-ods.un.org |
确认 确认 确认 确认对兀鹫基金诉讼的关切，以及一些债务国在按照巴黎俱乐部协定 [...] 所载标准条款的规定从非巴黎俱乐部债权人那里获得同等待遇方面可能遇到困 难，并鼓励相关机构继续向债务国提供解决诉讼问题的机制和法律援助 daccess-ods.un.org | concerns about vulture fund litigation and [...] that some debtor countries may experience difficulties in obtaining comparable [...]treatment from non-Paris Club creditors, as required by the standard clause included in Paris Club agreements, and encourages the continued provision by the relevant institutions of mechanisms and legal assistance to debtor countries to solve litigation issues daccess-ods.un.org |
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