Spanish Inquisition
- an ecclesiastical court established in 1478 and directed originally against converts from Judaism and Islam but later also against Protestants. It operated with great severity and was not suppressed until the early 19th century.西班牙宗教法庭（1478年建立的天主教法庭, 起先针对犹太教和伊斯兰教的皈依者, 后来也反对新教徒; 它手段残暴, 直到19世纪早期才被废止）。