1
- a fixed amount of a commodity officially allowed to each person during a time of shortage, as in wartime（战争等供应短缺时期政府给予的）配给量, 定量：
1947 saw the bread ration reduced on two occasions.
1947年面包配给量曾两度下调。
1.1
- （一般作rations）an amount of food supplied on a regular basis, especially to members of the armed forces during a war（尤指战争时期配发给军人的）口粮; 给养。
1.2
rations
food; provisions口粮; 供应品：their emergency rations ran out.
他们的应急物品用完了。
1.3
- figurative a fixed amount of a particular thing〈喻〉（东西的）一定数量：
holidaymakers who like a generous ration of activity.
喜欢大量活动的度假者。
with obj.(一般作be rationed)
1- allow each person to have only a fixed amount of (a particular commodity)配给供应, 定量供应：
petrol was so strictly rationed that bikes were always in demand.
汽油供应严格定量, 自行车因此总是供不应求。
1.1
ration someone to
allow someone to have only (a fixed amount of a certain commodity)定量配给：the population was rationed to four litres of water per person per day.
民众每人每天配给四升水。
短语
come up （或be given） with the rations
- military slang (of a medal) be awarded automatically and without regard to merit〈军俚〉（勋章）按人颁发（并非根据论功行赏原则授予）。
词源
early 18th cent.: from French, from Latin ratio（n-） 'reckoning, ratio'.