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单词 diffraction
释义

diffraction /dɪ'frækʃn//dɪ'frækʃən/

英汉-汉英词典
n. (光,声等的)衍射,绕射
词组 | 习惯用语
x-ray diffraction X射线衍射
electron diffraction 电子衍射
diffraction pattern 衍射图样;绕射图
fresnel diffraction 菲涅耳衍射
diffraction grating 衍射光栅;绕射光栅
fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射
diffraction limit 绕射极限,衍射极限
diffraction peak 衍射峰;衍射峰值
diffraction angle 衍射角
diffraction spectrum [光]衍射光谱
bragg diffraction 布喇格绕射;布喇格衍射
neutron diffraction [物]中子衍射
diffraction fringe 绕射条纹
英语例句库
  1. X-ray diffraction was used to study the variation of Microfibril Angle (MFA) in moso bamboo.
    摘要应用X射线衍射技术对毛竹微纤丝角的变异规律进行了系统的研究。
  2. The microstructures were studied with optical microscope, X-ray diffraction,electron probe and glow discharge spectro scopy analysis.
    用光学显微镜、X-、电子探针及辉光逐层分析等方法进行了微观分析。
  3. The product of ion-exchange membrane electrolysis from Bayer liquor is Bayerite according to the pattern of X-ray diffraction.
    X射线衍射分析表明,离子膜电解种分的产品为拜耳型氢氧化铝。
  4. The mesostructure order was retained after the growth of the nanoparticles, as pointed out by small-angle X-ray diffraction measurements.
    小角XRD显示在生成纳米粒子后,薄膜的有序介孔结构未受到破坏。
  5. The crystallization porperty of polycaprolactam(PA6)-polyethylene glycol(PEG)block copolymer wasinvestigated by means of electron microscope,x-ray diffraction,DSC and hot stage polarized microscope.
    应用DSC、热台、扫描电镜以及偏光显微镜等研究了PA6-PEG嵌段共聚物的结晶性能。
  6. This is achieved by first crystallizing the purified biomolecule into ordered arrays and then using X-ray diffraction to analyze the crystals.
    这种方法的运用是基于首先使纯化的生物分子结晶为有序排列然后用X射线分析结晶体。
  7. According to the theory of scalar diffraction, first, the equipollence of spatial distribution of the plane-wave interferential field and parallel projective sine grating is discussed.
    摘要根据标量衍射理论,首先讨论了两平面波干涉场的空间分布与平行投影正弦光栅的等价性。
  8. The crystal structure has been determined by X ray single crystal diffraction, showing a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with five coordination for the central tin atom.
    通过元素分析、红外光谱和氢核磁共振谱对其结构进行了表征。用X-射线单晶衍射测定了该化合物的晶体结构。
  9. The crystal structure was studied by means of X-ray diffraction,magnetic disaccommodation measurements were carry out with a computer aided system based on a LCR bridge.
    用X射线衍射仪对粉末样品的结构进行了观测,磁导率减落测量用计算机辅助系统的阻抗自动测量仪(LCR电桥)来完成。
  10. Research on the failure reasons of the cooling tube were carried out by means of macroexamination, thickness measurement, X ray diffraction, optical microscopy and chemical analysis.
    采用宏、微观分析、化学成分分析等手段,对冷却水管的腐蚀穿孔进行了失效分析。
  11. The wavelength division effect of grism in a multi-wavelengths optical system is discussed, the grism consist of a tranditional optical prism and a diffraction optical phase grating.
    本文探讨稜镜光栅在多波长操作系统中的分波效应。

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原声例句
VOA常速英语_美洲

We're using a diffraction to reflect the light directly in on human's retina.

我们正在使用一种衍射法将光线直接反射到人类视网膜上。

万物简史

Crick was supposed to be completing a thesis on the X-ray diffraction of large molecules.

而克里克则称在完成一篇用X射线衍射大型分子的论文。

生活大爆炸 第2季

Sheldon, I was up all night using the new freeelectron laser for my Xray diffraction experiment.

谢尔顿,我整晚都在用新自由电子激光仪做我的X光衍射实验。

Scishow 精选系列

This makes them more easily visible under a light microscope, and scientists can overcome the Abbe diffraction limit.

这使得它们在光学显微镜下更容易看到,科学家可以克服阿贝衍射极限。

科学60秒-科学美国人 2022年9月合集

It has eight bright blue, long diffraction spikes.

它有八个明亮的蓝色长衍射尖峰。

科学60秒-科学美国人 2022年9月合集

Most stars appear blue with long diffraction spikes, forming an eight-pointed star shape.

大多数恒星呈蓝色,并带有长长的衍射尖峰,形成八角星形。

科学60秒-科学美国人 2022年9月合集

Stars have very short diffraction spikes.

恒星的衍射尖峰非常短。

科学60秒-科学美国人 2022年9月合集

Galaxies of different shapes and sizes, nebulous, cloudy, widths, and stars with eight pointed diffraction patterns.

不同形状和大小的星系、模糊的、多云的、宽度的、和具有八点衍射图案的恒星。

Crash Course Physics 速成课物理

This diffraction, which is the reshaping of light by obstacles, happens in lenses too.

这种衍射是 障碍物对光线的重塑,也发生在镜头中。

Crash Course Physics 速成课物理

But today, you learned about how to analyze the composition of a light source using diffraction grating and spectroscopy.

但是今天,您了解了如何使用衍射光栅和光谱分析光源的成分。

中文百科

衍射

红色激光的圆孔衍射图样
意大利物理学者弗朗西斯科·格里马第(1618-1663)。
图示为温泉上方水蒸气中的光环现象。光环是一种光波被水气或尺寸不均匀的小水滴反向散射到其波源的光学现象,整个过程包含了衍射、反射和折射。
惠更斯原理的示意图:可以看出,狭缝处诸点光源作为次生光波的光源向各个方向发出光波。

绕射英语:diffraction),又称衍射,是指波遇到障碍物时偏离原来直线传播的物理现象。

在古典物理学中,波在穿过狭缝、小孔或圆盘之类的障碍物后会发生不同程度的弯散传播。假设将一个障碍物置放在光源和观察屏之间,则会有光亮区域与阴晦区域出现于观察屏,而且这些区域的边界并不锐利,是一种明暗相间的复杂图样。这现象称为衍射,当波在其传播路径上遇到障碍物时,都有可能发生这种现象。除此之外,当光波穿过折射率不均匀的介质时,或当声波穿过声阻抗不均匀的介质时,也会发生类似的效应。在一定条件下,不仅水波、光波能够产生肉眼可见的衍射现象,其他类型的电磁波(例如X射线和无线电波等)也能够发生衍射。由于原子尺度的实际物体具有类似波的性质,它们也会表现出衍射现象,可以通过量子力学进行研究其性质。

英语百科

Diffraction 衍射

Diffraction pattern of red laser beam made on a plate after passing a small circular hole in another plate
Solar glory at the steam from hot springs.  A glory is an optical phenomenon produced by light backscattered (a combination of diffraction, reflection and refraction) towards its source by a cloud of uniformly sized water droplets.
Photograph of single-slit diffraction in a circular ripple tank
Numerical approximation of diffraction pattern from a slit of width equal to wavelength of an incident plane wave in 3D spectrum visualization

Diffraction refers to various phenomena which occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit. It is defined as the bending of light around the corners of an obstacle or aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the obstacle. In classical physics, the diffraction phenomenon is described as the interference of waves according to the Huygens–Fresnel principle. These characteristic behaviors are exhibited when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength. Similar effects occur when a light wave travels through a medium with a varying refractive index, or when a sound wave travels through a medium with varying acoustic impedance. Diffraction occurs with all waves, including sound waves, water waves, and electromagnetic waves such as visible light, X-rays and radio waves.

近义、反义、联想词
近义词
n.
optical phenomenon

联想词
scattering散落;optical光学的;spectra光谱;polarization极化;waveguide波导管;magnification放大;x-rayX射线;photon光子;optics光学;Fourier傅立叶;lattice格子;
英英词典
diffraction n.
  1. when light passes sharp edges or goes through narrow slits the rays are deflected and produce fringes of light and dark bands
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