refractive

Refractive surgery was one of developing research fields in ophthalmology.

The ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum and that in a material is known as the material's refractive index.

In particular, for the TM case, the biaxial nature of nonlinear refractive index is considered without any approximation.

Further more, as the dynamic detection range is wide, the device can be used for detecting refractive index of various liquid widely.

The technique can image variations in what is known as the refractive index of air - in essence, the speed of light in a given medium.

Optical interference takes place in a thin transparent wedge of refractive index m.

That's probably because aragonite has two refractive indices, the extent to which a particular material focuses incoming light.

With a high refractive index and low chromatic dispersion, the rare earth ions mixed borate glasses have been widely used in many fields.

In fact, the refractive state of the eye will be altered after surgery , spectacle is still usually needed for better vision .

Of these, 12 million children are visually impaired due to refractive errors, a condition that could be easily diagnosed and corrected.

However, the refractive index contrast of the fabricated polymeric structure is insufficient to open a complete photonic band gap.

By data fitting of the experimental results; the effective refractive index changes under different humidity conditions can be reckoned.

Most insurance companies do not cover the cost of refractive surgery.

The goal of this project is to provide a lowest cost refractometer that will measure refractive errors in the eye including astigmatism.

in a nutshell , refractive surgery involves operating on a healthy eye to remove nearsightedness , farsightedness , or astigmatism.

The results showed that the spontaneous emission rate depends on the width and refractive index of the two-layer dielectric.

Eccentric photorefraction(EPR) is a technique for measuring the refractive state of the human eye.

rubber compounding ingredients . silica , precipitated , hydrated . determination of refractive index.

Relative to the optical fiber preform, the characteristics of its large size, refractive index profile measurement method is unique.

First, the relation between the dispersion of the fiber and the propagation constant and equivalent refractive index is presented.

The gradient refractive index coating overcomes the initial disadvantages of the traditional discrete coating by eliminating the interfaces.

Birefringent A fiber optic term . Having a refractive index that differs for light of different polarizations .

Characterizing the solid content by means of refractive index of the resin is also a convenient method.

A four-piece all refractive and a three-piece hybrid refractive-diffractive infrared lenses are designed.

Objective To explore changes in contrast sensitivity as a function of gender, dominant eye, age and refractive error in human eyes.

This article mainly introduces the concept and measurements of wavefront aberration as well as its applications in refractive surgery.

Conclusions: The serious opacity of refractive media, the damaged or detached retina and the choroids edema are the main causes of NLP.

Objective: To tentatively observe the refractive state of the eyes with silicone oil injection.

With the chemical composition of refractive index material, crystal structure and the wavelength of light and different change.

abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of the early application of timolol on refractive regression of high myopia after LASIK.

Alpha also shows density, boiling point, vapor pressure, refractive index, Beilstein number, and any number of other details.

After deprivation is removed during the chicken development period, myopic refractive power decreases, and axial growth rate slows down.

Distance, length, width, height, path length or refractive index cannot be negative.

It has a translucent hard wax type refractive material with a bluish back color.

Eccentric photorefraction is a method of measuring the refractive state of human eye by capturing a frame of pupillary image remotely.

It has advantages of aberration-free, mode-free and free of substrate refractive index, so its applications are promising.

The present invention discloses one kind of optical fiber and its coating has refractive index outwards increased radially.

All political news is now interpreted through the refractive lens of Mr Brown's failings.

He colored light refractive index of an exact analysis to clarify the essence of the phenomenon of dispersion.

These materials have high linear and nonlinear refractive indices and present interesting photosensitive behavior toward bandgap light.

The disadvantage is inconsistent with the refractive index of light in the viewing susceptible to deformation.

of controlling the soliton mobility by varying the refractive-index modulation depth, i. e. , the effective discreteness of the lattice.

The plasma refractive stealth and absorption stealth characteristic are discussed in the analysis of stealth mechanism of the plasma.

That concentric arrangement of refractive indices serves to guide the light pulses along the fiber.

Electromagnetically induced transparency, says Stanford physicist Steve Harris, spectacularly alters sodium's refractive properties.

Probability Distributions for the Inner Scale and the Refractive Index Structure Parameter and Their Implications for Flux Averaging.

The multimode waveguide area is one multimode interference area provided with two refractive index variable regions.

This is equal to a constant that is the ratio of the refractive index of the second medium to that of the first.

A refractive error is an eyesight problem. Refractive errors are a common reason for reduced visual acuity (level of eyesight).

Nonlinear materials have been well established as photo refractive switching material.

The smaller the refractive index of dielectric of defect mold is, the better the performance of super narrow band optical filer is.

A planar film of refractive index nf is sandwiched between a substrate and a cover material.

In fact the expression obtained in the paper can be applied to arbitrary refractive index profile.

The thinner the grating, the greater spatial frequency and refractive index modulation are needed for the optimal combining.

therefore , an accurate determination of the complex refractive index of the material as a function of ge content is necessary.

clear homogeneous glass of known refractive index; used to make lenses.

The alloy layers provide improved control of refractive index, wide optical bandgap, high conductivity, and resistance to attack by oxygen.

The refractive index structure parameters of equidistance between sensors and dome in different directions are different.

In optometry, the relationship between wavefront measurement and conventional refractive testing has been recently examined.

Because shock waves represent a stark and sudden change in refractive index, they show up clearly in schlieren photographs.

It uses a photosensitive material to generate a 3D lattice structure with a periodically-varying refractive index.

The bonding energy and micro-defects are the major factors that affect the film refractive index and film quality.

Because the eye itself is an optical system, the light can be reached by refractive stroma layers of eyeball organization.

Deformation of disk surfaces and refractive index changing with temperature are primary factors of optical distortions.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technique has a very high refractive-index (RI) resolution.

Results validated that larger size and larger refractive index of particles resulted in larger gradient and scattering force.

Preoperative axial length, postoperative visual acuity and refractive error were recorded.

another is extrinsic Fabry-Perot refractive index sensor with structural stability and low sensitive to temperature.

Conclusion: Early application of timolol after LASIK can decrease the morbidity of refractive regression of high myopia.

The refractive index and thickness for each film were obtained by solving the mode eigen-equation of the waveguide.

Photorefraction is a method which can fast determine the refractive error by capturing a frame of pupillary image remotely.

Then, the error produced by sphericity error, material refractive rate error and optical center error of cat eye are discussed.

METHODS: Refractive error was determined by subjective refraction and if unavailable by auto refraction.

Advantageously, the structure further comprises a gradient refractive index layer.

According to the ellipsoid of refractive index of biaxial crystal , this paper discussed the propagation of energy in crystal .

A new method of radiowave refractive error correction is given, which adopts atmospheric remote sensing by microwave radiometer.

When increasing the material refractive index, the middle frequencies of the band gap will reduce.

AIM: To assess the prevalence of refractive errors in middle school students in Lanzhou city and explore the risk factors for myopia.

The number of people with poor vision due to uncorrected (or undercorrected) refractive error increases greatly in older age groups.

The influences of coupling ratio by pressure, period number and refractive index of matching liquid were also studied.

The refractive index is approximately equal to the ratio of the real depth over the apparent depth.

The resuts demonstrate the value of refractive index and optical band gap of amorphous silicon film depends on substrates' temperature.

Fruit weights and refractive sugar contents of cantaloupe varied greatly as compared with the control.

s: This paper introduces a method of determination of matter refractive index from the speckle patten obtained by second exposure.

Good linear relationship between refractive index and composition of the sys tem was found.

It is found that the divergence angular shift increases with decrease of the refractive index and loss.

The extraordinary ray neither obeys the refractive law, nor has certain index of refraction in non isotropic medium.

A refractive error means that the eye cannot focus light on to the retina properly.

Aerospace series. Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing . Part 3 : determination of refractive index.

In this paper, the principle and method on measuring refractive index of milky liquids are introduced with SPR sensor.

A new concept to realize negative refractive index in non-resonance spectrum using chiral meta material is proposed.

A new method which determines the complex refractive index of absorbing medium with SPR phase detection is proposed.

The plastic and the gold each have different refractive properties, and bend plasmons in different directions.

Anomalous point of refractive indices during ion exchange process was discovered.

Analyzing Inquiry Activities In Physics Teaching From "Mensurating the Refractive Index of the Glass"

Glucose syrup. Determination of dry matter content. Refractive index method.

It is due to the fact that polyester has high refractive index and has high reflectance because of large surface area of microfibre.

refractive index changes of the glass fiber are functions of material properties of thecoating layers and jacket.

Refractive problems in the cornea are common: if too curved, faraway objects appear blurry (myopia).

When crystal is affected by the external electric field, there will be changes in the refractive index.

Conclusion: The postoperative refractive error becomes more plus when the posterior surface of the lens is fused with silicone oil.

The refractive status showed hyperopic shift after cycloplegia.

Material of gradient refractive index and array lens are waited a moment.

This item firstly proposes a new scheme of "optical engineering of changing refractive index" .

Objective To explore related-refractive factors of myopia and the characteristics of myopia.

The high frequency forms of refractive index and negative refractions are discussed.

The refractive faces of the glass, you see.

Atmospheric refractive index distribution model is introduced under the different meteorological element condition. 2.

eyesight abnormality resulting from the eye's faulty refractive ability.

They call it Netra, which means eye in Sanskrit but stands for Near Eye Tool for Refractive Assessment.

Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Determination of refractive index.

The response of refractive index to the frequency while the electromagnetic wave of SAR transmits through the ionosphere is also discussed.

It uses fibre-optic sensing technology based on refractive index modulation and has some advantages over conventional capacity method.

The ocular axial length and refractive degree were stable after operation.

When the negative refractive index materials is dispersive, the height of wide-band becomes low.

BUTTER. DETERMINATION OF THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF THE FAT.

The refractive index also increases with the RTA temperature.

A novel optical fiber Fabry-Perot humidity sensor is designed and fabricated based on optical fiber Fabry-Perot refractive index sensor.

It uses dynamic ice effects for dazzling, refractive glacial forms.

The deceleration gives the new medium a different refractive index.

This exact control of optical phase is based on a unique combination of negative and positive refractive indices.

Refractive print is a special printing technology.

About 150 million Americans wear spectacles or contact lenses to correct refractive errors.

The elective use of aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is discouraged for refractive cases.

To understand what refractive surgery does, we need to first know what a refractive error is.

The higher the refractive index of material, make the incident light bends the stronger ability.

Space-occupying lesions can be seen in 2 cases with clear refractive media.

In Chapter 2, the refractive index distribution and ray trajectory of GRIN ball lens are studied in theory.

Eyesight problems, such as myopia, are also known as refractive errors.

To the square air rods, we should choose the high refractive index material to enhance the band gap radio of the complete band gap.

The dream is subconscious expression, and it is the strange refractive reflection which the actual life acts on people's brains.

FIG. 3B illustrates another optical concentrator 200 that uses refractive lenses and includes two stages.

Using lasers, PRK involves reshaping the cornea so that its refractive power is increased.

At the same time, the refractive index and density increase while the segmental orientation of macromolecule decreases.

In this paper, based on optical principle, a formula of measuring the refractive index of fluid has been derived.

That is, the detected signals of system are greatly affected by the change of liquid refractive index.

If the bubbles into the water or oil immersed in ( 1. 66 refractive index oil better) observation, is more clear.

Suitable for glazes with high refractive index and low basicity. Can make better colors when adding small amount of Pb.

Natural materials all have a positive refractive index.

Light in the vicinity of the pulse is slowed more and more when the refractive index changes as the pulse passes by.

How to measure the refractive index of polymer solution(high temperature, 160 degree)?

Comparatively, the influence of the refractive index on the substrate's temperatures is smaller than that on the oxygen's pressures.

For example, refractive errors affect approximately one-third of persons 40 years or older in the United States and Western Europe.

The recovery rate of simple hypermetropia was 54. 31%, which was significantly higher than other refractive types.

An inconvenience of prism couplers is that the prism material must have a high refractive index ?

The fibre has a core refractive index of 1.

What is a refractive error?

These are called refractive errors.

Dynamic light scattering, refractive index and DSC techniques were used to study the properties.

Objective To study the correcting regulation of accommodative refractive esotropia by the systematic treatment.

In this thesis, the scattering matrix method is used to study the effective group velocity refractive index of 2D finite structure.

Transfer Matrix in a Negative-refractive-index Medium and Its Application to the Investigation of Characteristics of a Left-handed Waveguide

Experimental study of a faster responsive effect of light induced refractive index change

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis for Measuring the Refractive Index and Thickness of a Film in a Leakage Waveguide

X-ray beam propagation in an inhomogeneous plasma with a continuously varied refractive index

An Effective Index Method for an Optical Waveguide with an Arbitrary Refractive Index Distribution

A clinical study of multi-channel pattern VEP in children with fully refractive accommodative esotropic amblyopia before and after treatment

Application of Image Simulation to the Holographic CT Measurement for Refractive Index of the Gas in an Incandescence Lamp

Realization of an angular filter using one-dimensional photonic crystal containing negative refractive metamaterials

Nonlinear Optical Refractive and Absorption Properties of a Novel Amorphous Molecular Material

Two-scales Model of the Refractive-index Fluctuations for Laser Propagation in an Atmospheric Turbulence

Refractive growth in pediatric pseudophakic eyes and power choice of lens

Scattering and polarization properties of a complex refractive index spherical particle

The results of using excimer laser photoastigmatism refractive keratectomy for a simple myopic astigmatism

Temperature property on the refractive index difference of left rotation and right rotation light of quartz crystal

Refractive Index Distribution Measurement Combining Computed Tomography with Optical Coherence Tomography

Measurement of liquid refractive index with a linear frequency modulation heterodyne method

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Measurement of Photoinduced Refractive Index Change of Bacteriorhodopsin Film

Multimode Gaussian beams focusing with a diffractive-refractive optical element

Transmission of electromagnetic wave in dielectric waveguide with negative refractive index within the guide center

Dynamics of Spatial Soliton in a Nonlocal Nonlinear Medium with Transverse Parabolic Refractive Index Distribution

A Simple Method to Measure Crystal Refractive Indices with an Absorption Spectrum

Design of an Ultralight and Compact Hybrid Refractive-Diffractive Projection Lens of Head-Mounted Projective Displays

Influence of Refractive Index Mismatch on the Optical Aberration in Two-Photon Three-Dimensional Optical Data Storage

Demonstration about refractive prism's minimum deflecting angle and its application in optical instruments

The quantitative relationship between alkane refractive index and its molecular structure

Determination of the optical deviation and refractive power of safety glass for vehicle glazing

Connectivity Index and Converse Index for Topological Study of Refractive Index of Single Alcohol

Achieving Omnidirectional Reflection with Disorder Structure in Lower Refractive Index Ratio Dielectric Multilayer

Prediction of the Refractive Index for Alkanes and Single Alcohols Using Molecular Electronegativity-Distance Vector

Simulative Model and Applied Experimentation of Atmospheric Refractive Index Near the Ground Layer

Evaluating refractive index structure constant and characterizing spectrum of atmospheric turbulence

New Method of Preparation of Graded Index Polymer Optical Fiber Preform and Adjustment of Its Refractive Index Distribution

The cross-sectional study of dynamic refractive status of senior middle school students in urban school of Xi'an city

Abnormal Characteristics of Guided Modes in a Fiber Formed by a Medium with Negative-refractive Index

Development and experimental study of excimer laser refractive system

Measurement of refractive index of a liquid with Michelson interferometer

Optical method for simultaneously measuring refractive-index structure parameter and inner scale of atmospheric turbulence

Intraocular lens power calculation in cataract phacoemulsification after refractive surgery

Comparison of refractive index structure constants of atmospheric turbulence deduced from scintillation and beam wander effects

Rubber, raw styrene-butadiene, emulsion-polymerized; determination of bound styrene content; refractive index method

The correlation between intraocular pressure measurement, corneal thickness and corneal refractive power after LASIK

Clinical study of soft contact lens using after excimer laser corneal refractive surgery

Relationship of refractive status, axial length, and scleral metamorphic change in chicken form deprivation eyes

Analysis of correlation among refractive error central corneal thickness intraocular pressure and corneal curvature

Negative refractive behaviors of two-dimensional photonic crystals

Study on Measurement of the Wavefront Aberration of the Human Eye and Corneal Refractive Surgery by Excimer Laser

Effect on Polarization Mode Dispersion Due to Eccentricity of Refractive Index Distribution in a Single-Mode Fiber

Measurement of Particle Size Distribution and Refractive Index Using Azimuth-Resolved Based Diffuse Backscattering Light

Properties of impurity band in one-dimensional photonic crystal coupled-resonator containing defect layers with negative refractive index

Modified Group Dyeing Index for Topological Study of Refractive Index of Ketones and Ethers

Experiment verification of numerical model of atmospheric optical refractive index structure parameter

Research of the changes of corneal anterior surface profile in myopic eyes undertaken excimer laser refractive surgery

Frequency Regions of the Negative Refractive Index Materials Composed of Ferromagnetic Wire Lattice

Specification for test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing - Determination of refractive index

The Color-center Generation and Refractive Index Change in Optical Glass Generated by Infrared Femtosecond Laser Pulse

The Difference between the Refractive Method and Dry Method for Measuring the Solid Substance of Starch Syrup

Assessment of personnel underwent refractive keratoplasty in physical examination of cadet candidates

Using intensity periodic variation light signal survey speed of light and medium refractive index

The Contributions of Each Refractive Surface of the Human Model Eye to the Aberrations

The Discovery and the Theoretic Deduction of the Refractive Law of the Light

Refractive change and axial growth after bilateral intraocular lens implantation in children with congenital cataract

No statistic difference was found in refractive status, i. e. spherical, cylindrical and spherical equivalent degree among three groups;

Petroleum products; Hydrocarbon liquids; Determination of refractive index

Multimode Interference Couplers with Different Background Refractive Index

Characterization of Photoinduced Refractive Index Change in the Azobenzene Doped Polymer

New Method to Deduce Imaginary Part of Refractive Index of Aerosol with Double-Scattering Angles Laser Optical Particle Counter

Your eye doctor may recommend another type of refractive surgery if you're not a good candidate for LASIK eye surgery. These include

Hybrid Diffractive-refractive Apochromatic Telescope Objectives Design Using PWC Method

Prediction-Verification Method Determining the Refractive Index Profile for Ion-exchange Planar Waveguide

Dual Overwritten Fiber Gratings Characteristics with Nonlinear Modulation of Refractive Index

Determination of the film refractive index in real time monitoring for wideband thin-film thickness monitoring

Thin Film Material Thickness and Refractive Index Measurement by Elliptical Polarization Instrument

Sensitivity analysis on numerical model of atmospheric optical refractive index structure parameter

The association between pre-management and retinal detachment morbidity after refractive surgery in high myopic patients

Principles of Excimer Laser Refractive Surgery and Its Implementation

Refractive Index Detectors Used in Liquid Chromatography

Measurement of the Refractive Index of Liquid Using Wavefront Lo ngitudinal Displacement Holographic Interferometry

Influence of refractive index mismatch on data bit in two-photon three-dimensional data storage

Effects of the medium location and the beam-waist radius on the operating performances of the refractive optical limiting devices

Equivalent refractive index model on shielding effectiveness analysis of high transparency metallic mesh

Three-wavelength Laser Scintillometer for Measuring Refractive Index Structure Parameter and Inner Scale

Research of optical properties of one-dimension photonic crystals constructed by positive-negative refractive materials

Controlling the photonic bandgap structures via manipulation of refractive index of electromagnetically induced transparency vapor

The application of the digital photorefraction in the screening of children eye diseases and refractive errors

Effects of Humidity Fluctuation on the Structure Parameter of the Refractive Index for Visible Radiation

Liquid Velocity Measurements in Complex Geometries Using Refractive Index Matching Technique

Optics and optical instruments - Contact lenses - Determination of refractive index of contact lens materials

Effects on human ocular wavefront aberrations after different corneal refractive surgeries with excimer laser

Colourless optical glass test methods--Autocollimation test method for refractive index in the ultraviolet and infrared wave band

High-Temperature and Strain Characteristics of Long Period Grating with Asymmetric Refractive Index Profile in the Cross Section of Fiber

Correlation analysis between corneal refractive power and corneal surface regularity in myopia patients

Clinical analysis and treatment of filamentary keratitis after excimer laser corneal refractive surgery

Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum Technique in the Measurement of GI Preform Refractive Index Distribution

Measurement of the Homogeneity of Refractive Index of the Germanium Crystal Using IR Interferometer

A Simple Measurement Method of the Refractive Index of Thin Transparent Materials

Subject Combination-Developmental Tendency of Corneal Refractive Surgery

Identification of A Tourmaline with High Refractive Index

The limitation of the refractive formulas on precision of radiowave refraction correction

Experimental Research on the Refractive Index Modulation of Silver-Halide Plate with Dilution Developing Process