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FUNCTION WORD |
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/daʊn/ |
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1 | to or towards a lower place |
| 1a | moving towards a lower place or position 向下;往下 | | Someone pushed him and he fell down the stairs. 有人推了他一下,他便从楼梯上摔了下来。 | | Snowflakes floated down through the cold night air. 寒冷的夜空飘落着雪花。 | | Tears were rolling down his cheeks. 眼泪顺着他的脸颊滚下来。 | | We watched the sun go down. 我们看着夕阳西下。 | |
| 1b | looking, pointing , or leading to a lower place 向低处(看或指);(通)向低处 | | We paused for a moment, gazing down into the valley below. 我们停了一会儿,低头凝视下面的山谷。 | | steps leading down to the beach 通往下面沙滩的台阶 | | the down escalator 下行的自动扶梯 | |
| 1c | from a higher place to the ground (从高处)向地面 | | Their plane came down in a field beside the motorway. 他们的飞机降落在高速公路旁的田地里。 | | Get down off that roof - it’ s dangerous. 从那屋顶上下来,很危险。 | |
| 1d | used for saying that you put something you are carrying onto a lower surface 向较低处(放东西) | | Put the box down on the table. 把盒子放在桌子上吧。 | |
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2 | in a lower place in a lower place or at a lower level 在低处;在下面 |
| It was dark and cold down in the cellar. 下面的地窖又暗又冷。 |
| Your name’ s further down the list. 找你的名字要再往名单下面看。 |
| down below We could hear noises coming from down below. 我们能听到下面传来的喧闹声。 |
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3 | into or in a sitting or lying position |
| 3a | moving your body into a sitting , bending, or lying position (坐)下;(弯)下;(躺)下 | | Why don’ t you sit down and rest your legs? 你干嘛不坐下来歇歇腿呢? | | I crouched down behind some bushes. 我蹲伏在一片灌木丛里。 | |
| 3b | remaining in a sitting , lying , or bending position (坐)着;(躺)着;(弯)着 | | The headache was so bad she spent the rest of the day lying down. 因为头痛得很厉害,那天的剩余时间里她一直躺着。 | | The video has exercises you can do while you are sitting down. 录像里有坐着就可以做的健身操。 | |
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4 | along a road , river etc |
| 4a | moving or looking along a road , track , path etc 沿(马路、小道、小径等走或看) | | I was walking down the street with a couple of friends. 我和几个朋友沿着大街向前走。 | | James looked back down the drive to see if anyone was following him. 詹姆斯顺着车道向后望去,想看看是否有人在跟踪他。 | |
| 4b | moving or looking along a river in the same direction as the current 顺流 | | We sailed down the Yellow River towards the open sea. 我们沿着黄河向广阔的海洋顺流航行。 | |
| 4c | at a point somewhere on a road , path etc in a direction away from you 在(马路、小径等的)较远端 | | They live somewhere down Park Avenue. 他们住在帕克大道的另一头。 | | 100 yards/2 miles etc down sth The nearest hotel is five or six miles down the main road. 最近的旅馆离大路有五六英里。 | |
| 4d | at a point further along a river in the direction of the current 在下游 | | There’ s another bridge further down the river. 河的下游还有一座桥。 | |
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5 | at or to a place that is near 但许多人认为这是不正确的。 |
| 5a | at or to a place that is near you 在附近;到附近 | | Sandra’ s just gone down to the shops. 桑德拉刚刚离开到附近的商店去了。 | | I saw him down at the station this morning. 我今天上午在车站附近看见过他。 | |
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6 | south |
| 6a | going towards the south 向南方 | | Thousands of Scottish fans will be travelling down to London for the big match. 成千上万的苏格兰球迷南下到伦敦观看这场重大比赛。 | |
| 6b | in a place that is to the south of where you are 在南方 | | Newhaven is down on the south coast. 纽黑文位于南部沿海地带。 | |
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7 | when sth is reduced |
| 7a | at or to a smaller amount , lower level etc than before (数量)减少;(水平)降低,下降 | | The government is determined to bring down unemployment. 政府决心减少失业。 | | +to House prices have come down to a more reasonable level. 房价已经降到一个更加合理的水平。 | | +by Overall demand for heating energy last winter was down by about 10%. 去年冬天对供热的整体需求下降了大约10%。 | | +on (=less than) Profits are 15% down on last year. 比…少 | |
| 7b | used for saying that something becomes less strong , less violent , or less loud 弱下来;小下来 | | The storm had died down by evening. 暴风雨到晚上就变小了。 | | Turn down the radio. 把收音机的音量关小。 | |
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8 | when sth is damaged used for saying that something is damaged or destroyed and falls to the ground (某物因被损坏或摧毁而)倒下来 |
| The opera house was burnt down in 1990. 那座歌剧院在1990年被烧毁了。 |
| It’ s more than ten years since the Berlin Wall came down. 柏林墙被推倒已经10多年了。 |
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9 | when you write sth used for saying that you write something on a piece of paper or in a book (写)下 |
| I copied down his address and phone number. 我抄下了他的地址和电话号码。 |
| Let me write that down before I forget it. 让我把它写下来,免得忘记。 |
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10 | when sth is fastened used for saying that something is fastened or stuck to a surface (扣)住;(盖)住;(粘)住 |
| The lid of the box was screwed down tight. 箱子盖被紧紧钉牢了。 |
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11 | when sth is cleaned thoroughly used for saying that the whole of a large object is cleaned from top to bottom (清洗)彻底地 |
| We need to wash down the walls before we can start painting. 我们需要把墙壁彻底清洗一下才能开始画画。 |
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12 | when you eat or drink sth when food or drink goes down , it goes from your mouth to your stomach (吃)下;喝(下) |
| He gulped down his tea and got up from the table. 他把茶一饮而尽,然后起身离席而去。 |
| Lunch consisted of pizza washed down with a glass of milk. 午餐包括比萨饼配搭一杯牛奶。 |
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13 | when sb is ill used for saying that someone has an illness 病倒 |
| be/go/come down with sth Poor Susan went down with flu just before Christmas. 可怜的苏珊就在圣诞节前患感冒病倒了。 |
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14 | for the people who live after you used for saying that something is given to the next generation (= people who are alive after you die) 传给(下一代) |
| hand/pass down The ancient Gaelic songs have been handed down from generation to generation. 古代盖尔人的歌曲一代代流传下来。 |
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15 | informal unhappy unhappy or sad 不高兴的;沮丧的 |
| be/feel down He’ s been feeling very down since his wife went away. 他的妻子离开后他一直闷闷不乐。 |
| get sb down All these problems are getting her down. 这些问题弄得她很不开心。 |
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16 | chosen or expected to do sth if you are down for a particular job , it has been arranged that you will do it 已被选定的;已被安排的 |
| +for I think I’ m down for babysitting on Monday night. 我想我已被安排在星期一晚上代人照看小孩。 |
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17 | losing a game if a player or team is a certain number of points down , that is the number of points they need in order to reach their opponent’ s score (比分)落后于对方的 |
| At half-time our team were two goals down. 在比赛进行到一半的时候我们队落后两球。 |
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18 | when a computer is not working if a computer system is down , it is not working (计算机系统)关闭的,不运转的 |
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19 | already done used for saying how many things you have dealt with and how many more still need to be dealt with 已完成的 |
| one/two etc down and one/two etc to go Well, that’ s another exam over. Two down and four to go. 好啦,又一门考试结束了。考完了两门,还剩四门。 |
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20 | paid now used for saying that you pay an amount of money immediately when you buy something and will pay the rest later 初付;首付 |
| Own a brand new Fiat Bravo for only £99 cash down and £31.68 a week. 只要首付99英镑现金,以后每星期付31.68英镑,就可以拥有一辆崭新的菲亚特布拉沃汽车。 |
PHRASES |
- | be down on informal |
| to dislike or not approve of someone or something |
| 不喜欢;厌恶 |
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| I always get low marks. Why is the teacher so down on me? 我总是得低分。老师为什么这么讨厌我呢? |
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- | be down to sb BRITISH |
| if something is down to someone , they are responsible for dealing with it or making decisions about it |
| 由某人负责处理;取决于某人 |
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| Whether you stay in the team or not is entirely down to you. 你是否留在队里完全取决于你自己。 |
| It’ s down to the prime minister to find out what went wrong. 首相有责任找出问题的症结所在。 |
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- | be down to your last sth |
| used for saying that you only have a particular amount of money , food , fuel etc left |
| 只剩下最后的某物 |
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| We were down to our last traveller’ s cheque when we got back to the airport. 我们回到机场时只剩下最后一张旅行支票。 |
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- | down to |
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1 | used for emphasizing that everything or everyone is included , even the smallest thing or the least important person (用于强调包含全面)下至 | Everything had been carefully planned, right down to the last detail. 所有一切包括细枝末节都已仔细计划好了。 | | The changes will affect everyone from managing director down to the shopfloor worker. 这些变动将会影响包括总经理和一线店员在内的每一个人。 | |
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2 | used for saying how long someone’ s hair is or how long their clothes are (头发或衣服)长到 | I’ m going to grow my hair down to my shoulders. 我打算把头发留长,直到肩膀。 | | She wore a long skirt that came down to her ankles. 她穿着长及脚踝的长裙。 | |
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3 | BRITISH used for saying that something is caused by something else 由…造成的 | Of course there are long delays, and it’ s all down to a lack of planning. 当然,出现了长时间的延误,这全都是缺乏计划造成的。 | | put sth down to sth (=think that something is caused by something else) He’ s always been bad-tempered. I put it down to his unhappy childhood. 认为某事是由…造成的 | |
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- | down with... spoken |
| used for showing that you are opposed to a leader , government etc and you want to get rid of themPeople shout this when they are protesting. |
| 打倒…(人们抗议时喊的口号) |
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