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单词 down
释义
down 1 ★★★
FUNCTION WORD  
/daʊn/
  Down can be used in the following waysdown 有以下用法:
  as a preposition (followed by a noun)用作介词(后接名词): She was walking down the street. 她沿着大街向前走。
  as an adverb (without a following noun)用作副词(后不接名词): She lay down and fell asleep. 她躺下睡着了。
  after the verb ‘to be’ 用于动词to be 后: Oil prices are down. 油价下降了。
  as an adjective 用作形容词: I’ ve been feeling rather down lately. 我最近情绪特别低落。
1 to or towards a lower place
1a moving towards a lower place or position 向下;往下

Someone pushed him and he fell down the stairs. 有人推了他一下,他便从楼梯上摔了下来。

Snowflakes floated down through the cold night air. 寒冷的夜空飘落着雪花。

Tears were rolling down his cheeks. 眼泪顺着他的脸颊滚下来。

We watched the sun go down. 我们看着夕阳西下。

1b looking, pointing , or leading to a lower place 向低处(看或指);(通)向低处

We paused for a moment, gazing down into the valley below. 我们停了一会儿,低头凝视下面的山谷。

steps leading down to the beach 通往下面沙滩的台阶

the down escalator 下行的自动扶梯

1c from a higher place to the ground (从高处)向地面

Their plane came down in a field beside the motorway. 他们的飞机降落在高速公路旁的田地里。

Get down off that roof - it’ s dangerous. 从那屋顶上下来,很危险。

1d used for saying that you put something you are carrying onto a lower surface 向较低处(放东西)

Put the box down on the table. 把盒子放在桌子上吧。

2 in a lower place
in a lower place or at a lower level 在低处;在下面

It was dark and cold down in the cellar. 下面的地窖又暗又冷。

Your name’ s further down the list. 找你的名字要再往名单下面看。

down below We could hear noises coming from down below. 我们能听到下面传来的喧闹声。

3 into or in a sitting or lying position
3a moving your body into a sitting , bending, or lying position (坐)下;(弯)下;(躺)下

Why don’ t you sit down and rest your legs? 你干嘛不坐下来歇歇腿呢?

I crouched down behind some bushes. 我蹲伏在一片灌木丛里。

3b remaining in a sitting , lying , or bending position (坐)着;(躺)着;(弯)着

The headache was so bad she spent the rest of the day lying down. 因为头痛得很厉害,那天的剩余时间里她一直躺着。

The video has exercises you can do while you are sitting down. 录像里有坐着就可以做的健身操。

4 along a road , river etc
4a moving or looking along a road , track , path etc 沿(马路、小道、小径等走或看)

I was walking down the street with a couple of friends. 我和几个朋友沿着大街向前走。

James looked back down the drive to see if anyone was following him. 詹姆斯顺着车道向后望去,想看看是否有人在跟踪他。

4b moving or looking along a river in the same direction as the current 顺流

We sailed down the Yellow River towards the open sea. 我们沿着黄河向广阔的海洋顺流航行。

4c at a point somewhere on a road , path etc in a direction away from you 在(马路、小径等的)较远端

They live somewhere down Park Avenue. 他们住在帕克大道的另一头。

100 yards/2 miles etc down sth The nearest hotel is five or six miles down the main road. 最近的旅馆离大路有五六英里。

4d at a point further along a river in the direction of the current 在下游

There’ s another bridge further down the river. 河的下游还有一座桥。

5 at or to a place that is near
但许多人认为这是不正确的。
5a at or to a place that is near you 在附近;到附近

Sandra’ s just gone down to the shops. 桑德拉刚刚离开到附近的商店去了。

I saw him down at the station this morning. 我今天上午在车站附近看见过他。

6 south
6a going towards the south 向南方

Thousands of Scottish fans will be travelling down to London for the big match. 成千上万的苏格兰球迷南下到伦敦观看这场重大比赛。

6b in a place that is to the south of where you are 在南方

Newhaven is down on the south coast. 纽黑文位于南部沿海地带。

7 when sth is reduced
7a at or to a smaller amount , lower level etc than before (数量)减少;(水平)降低,下降

The government is determined to bring down unemployment. 政府决心减少失业。

+to House prices have come down to a more reasonable level. 房价已经降到一个更加合理的水平。

+by Overall demand for heating energy last winter was down by about 10%. 去年冬天对供热的整体需求下降了大约10%。

+on (=less than) Profits are 15% down on last year. 比…少

7b used for saying that something becomes less strong , less violent , or less loud 弱下来;小下来

The storm had died down by evening. 暴风雨到晚上就变小了。

Turn down the radio. 把收音机的音量关小。

8 when sth is damaged
used for saying that something is damaged or destroyed and falls to the ground (某物因被损坏或摧毁而)倒下来

The opera house was burnt down in 1990. 那座歌剧院在1990年被烧毁了。

It’ s more than ten years since the Berlin Wall came down. 柏林墙被推倒已经10多年了。

9 when you write sth
used for saying that you write something on a piece of paper or in a book (写)下

I copied down his address and phone number. 我抄下了他的地址和电话号码。

Let me write that down before I forget it. 让我把它写下来,免得忘记。

10 when sth is fastened
used for saying that something is fastened or stuck to a surface (扣)住;(盖)住;(粘)住

The lid of the box was screwed down tight. 箱子盖被紧紧钉牢了。

11 when sth is cleaned thoroughly
used for saying that the whole of a large object is cleaned from top to bottom (清洗)彻底地

We need to wash down the walls before we can start painting. 我们需要把墙壁彻底清洗一下才能开始画画。

12 when you eat or drink sth
when food or drink goes down , it goes from your mouth to your stomach (吃)下;喝(下)

He gulped down his tea and got up from the table. 他把茶一饮而尽,然后起身离席而去。

Lunch consisted of pizza washed down with a glass of milk. 午餐包括比萨饼配搭一杯牛奶。

13 when sb is ill
used for saying that someone has an illness 病倒

be/go/come down with sth Poor Susan went down with flu just before Christmas. 可怜的苏珊就在圣诞节前患感冒病倒了。

14 for the people who live after you
used for saying that something is given to the next generation (= people who are alive after you die) 传给(下一代)

hand/pass down The ancient Gaelic songs have been handed down from generation to generation. 古代盖尔人的歌曲一代代流传下来。

15 informal   unhappy
unhappy or sad 不高兴的;沮丧的

be/feel down He’ s been feeling very down since his wife went away. 他的妻子离开后他一直闷闷不乐。

get sb down All these problems are getting her down. 这些问题弄得她很不开心。

16 chosen or expected to do sth
if you are down for a particular job , it has been arranged that you will do it 已被选定的;已被安排的

+for I think I’ m down for babysitting on Monday night. 我想我已被安排在星期一晚上代人照看小孩。

17 losing a game
if a player or team is a certain number of points down , that is the number of points they need in order to reach their opponent’ s score (比分)落后于对方的

At half-time our team were two goals down. 在比赛进行到一半的时候我们队落后两球。

18 when a computer is not working
if a computer system is down , it is not working (计算机系统)关闭的,不运转的
19 already done
used for saying how many things you have dealt with and how many more still need to be dealt with 已完成的

one/two etc down and one/two etc to go Well, that’ s another exam over. Two down and four to go. 好啦,又一门考试结束了。考完了两门,还剩四门。

20 paid now
used for saying that you pay an amount of money immediately when you buy something and will pay the rest later 初付;首付

Own a brand new Fiat Bravo for only £99 cash down and £31.68 a week. 只要首付99英镑现金,以后每星期付31.68英镑,就可以拥有一辆崭新的菲亚特布拉沃汽车。

PHRASES
-   be down on informal
to dislike or not approve of someone or something
  不喜欢;厌恶

I always get low marks. Why is the teacher so down on me? 我总是得低分。老师为什么这么讨厌我呢?

-   be down to sb BRITISH
if something is down to someone , they are responsible for dealing with it or making decisions about it
  由某人负责处理;取决于某人

Whether you stay in the team or not is entirely down to you. 你是否留在队里完全取决于你自己。

It’ s down to the prime minister to find out what went wrong. 首相有责任找出问题的症结所在。

-   be down to your last sth
used for saying that you only have a particular amount of money , food , fuel etc left
  只剩下最后的某物

We were down to our last traveller’ s cheque when we got back to the airport. 我们回到机场时只剩下最后一张旅行支票。

-   down to
1 used for emphasizing that everything or everyone is included , even the smallest thing or the least important person (用于强调包含全面)下至

Everything had been carefully planned, right down to the last detail. 所有一切包括细枝末节都已仔细计划好了。

The changes will affect everyone from managing director down to the shopfloor worker. 这些变动将会影响包括总经理和一线店员在内的每一个人。

2 used for saying how long someone’ s hair is or how long their clothes are (头发或衣服)长到

I’ m going to grow my hair down to my shoulders. 我打算把头发留长,直到肩膀。

She wore a long skirt that came down to her ankles. 她穿着长及脚踝的长裙。

3 BRITISH  used for saying that something is caused by something else 由…造成的

Of course there are long delays, and it’ s all down to a lack of planning. 当然,出现了长时间的延误,这全都是缺乏计划造成的。

put sth down to sth (=think that something is caused by something else) He’ s always been bad-tempered. I put it down to his unhappy childhood. 认为某事是由…造成的

-   down with... spoken
used for showing that you are opposed to a leader , government etc and you want to get rid of themPeople shout this when they are protesting.
  打倒…(人们抗议时喊的口号)
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更新时间:2025/2/3 10:13:43