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| FUNCTION WORD |
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| /wɒt/ |
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| 1 | which thing
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| | 1a | used for asking which thing , action , or idea something is , or which type of thing , action , or idea something is 什么（用于询问某事物、某行为或某看法是哪一个或哪一种） | | What’ s your name? 你叫什么名字？ | | What time is it? 现在几点了？ | | What was the weather like? 天气怎么样？ | | Iasked her what kind of music she liked. 我问她喜欢哪一种音乐。 | | People sometimes ask me what I’ m going to do when I retire. 人们有时问我退休后准备干什么。 | | ‘I’ m worried, Harry.’ ‘What about?’ “我很担心，哈里。”“担心什么？” | |
| | 1b | used when someone knows or says which thing , action , or idea something is …那样的事物（用于某人知道或说出某物、某行动或某看法是什么时） | | Itold him what the problem was. 我告诉他问题之所在了。 | | She wasn’ t quite sure what she was going to say. 她对自己要说什么没有把握。 | | We suddenly realized what was happening. 我们突然意识到正在发生什么事情。 | | Ihaven’ t even thought about what I’ m going to wear to the dinner. 我甚至连参加晚宴要穿什么衣服都没想过。 | | what to do/say/think etc Poor Kevin! He doesn’ t know what to do. 可怜的凯文！他不知道该怎么办。 | |
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| 2 | a particular thing
used for referring to a particular thing , action , or idea …的事物（用于指某一事物、行为或看法） |
| You haven’ t given me what I asked for. 你还没有给我我要的东西。 |
| What you need is a good long holiday. 你需要的是好好地休一个长假。 |
| What annoys me is the way he boasts about what he’ s done. 让我生气的是他夸大他所做的事情的方式。 |
| George always does his best, and that’ s what I like about him. 乔治总是尽他的最大努力，我就喜欢他这一点。 |
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| 3 | all of an amount
used for referring to the whole amount that remains or is available 全部的东西（用于指所剩下的或可用的全部东西） |
| Tom eagerly finished up what was left of the champagne and chicken pie. 汤姆狼吞虎咽地扫光了剩下的香槟和鸡肉馅饼。 |
| What little free time he had was spent with the family. 他与他家人共处的时间真是太少了。 |
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| 4 | spoken used for emphasizing a quality
used for introducing a remark in which you emphasize how big , good , bad etc someone or something is 多么（用于引出一句话，强调某人或某物之大或好坏等） |
| What awful weather we’ ve been having! 这一阵子的天气真糟糕！ |
| What a nice surprise! 多么让人惊喜呀！ |
| What a nuisance for you, having to make all these changes. 要作这么多变动，让你真够烦心的。 |
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| 5 | spoken used for showing surprise
used for showing that you are surprised or shocked by something you have just heard or seen 什么（用于表示对刚听到或看到的事物的惊奇） |
| What! Are they still in bed? 什么！他们还没起床？ |
| What! You mean he can’ t read or write? 什么！你的意思是说他既不会读书也不会写字？ |
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| 6 | spoken used when you did not hear what sb said
used for asking someone to repeat what they have just said because you did not hear it clearly 什么（用于指没听清某人的话，要求对方重复） |
| ‘Turn the radio down, will you?’ ‘What?’ “把收音机的声音关小一点，好吗？”“什么？” |
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| 7 | spoken used when you pause to think
used when you pause to think because you are guessing a number or amount 哦（用于因猜测数字或数量而暂停下来思考时） |
| You’ ll have to pay rent, which is, what, about £300 a month or something like that. 你要付租金，哦，大概每月300英镑，差不多是那个数。 |
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| 8 | spoken used when sb calls your name
used when someone has just called your name or shown that they want to speak to you , and you are asking them to continue 什么事；有事吗 |
| ‘Hey, Julie!’ ‘What?’ ‘Come here – I’ ve got something to show you.’ “嗨，朱莉！”“有事吗？”“过来，我给你看样东西。” |
| PHRASES |
| - | ...and what have you spoken
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| used for showing that you could also mention other things of the same kind |
| …等等；诸如此类 |
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| The problem is we’ re all so busy right now – with conferences and what have you. 问题是我们现在都很忙，如要开会等等。 |
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| - | or what? spoken
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| used at the end of a question when you are impatient to find out what is really happening |
| 还是别的什么（用于疑问句末尾，指某人急于想知道实际在发生的事） |
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| Do you want to go down to the shops now, or what? 你想现在去商店购物，还是干点儿别的什么？ |
| Is this guy stupid, or what? 这个小伙子是蠢还是别的什么？ |
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| - | so what?/what of it ? spoken
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| used for showing someone that you think a particular fact they have mentioned is not important |
| 那又有什么关系？/那又怎么样？（用于表示认为对方提到的事不重要） |
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| ‘But they’ re living together and they aren’ t married.’ ‘Well, what of it?’ “但是他们现在同居了，却没有结婚。”“嗯，那又怎么样？” |
| ‘She didn’ t invite us to the party.’ ‘So what? I don’ t care.’ “她没邀请我们参加聚会。”“那又有什么关系？我不介意。” |
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| - | what about...? spoken
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| 1 | used for making a suggestion …怎么样?（用于提出建议） | What about a quick cup of coffee? 抓紧喝杯咖啡怎么样？ | | ‘When shall we next meet?’ ‘What about Tuesday afternoon?’ “下次我们什么时候见面？”“星期二下午怎么样？” | |
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| 2 | used for reminding someone that a particular person or thing needs to be considered …呢?（用于提醒某人考虑某人或某事物） | What about Eileen? Shouldn’ t we invite her too? 艾琳呢？我们难道不该也邀请她吗？ | | ‘What about transport?’ ‘That’ s all arranged.’ “交通车辆呢？”“都已经安排好了。” | |
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| - | what does it matter?/what does sb care? mainly spoken
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| used for showing that something is not important to you or someone else |
| 那有什么关系呢？/那关某人什么事？（用于表示某事无关紧要） |
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| Of course, some people will criticize you, but what does it matter? 当然了，有些人要批评你，但那有什么关系呢？ |
| To hell with politics! What do I care about politics? 让政治见鬼去吧！政治关我什么事？ |
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| - | what for spoken
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| 1 | used for asking the reason for something 为什么 | ‘I need to have your name and address.’ ‘What for?’ “我需要你的姓名和地址。”“为什么？” | | what...for What did you hit him for? 你为什么打他？ | |
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| 2 | informal old-fashioned if you give someone what for , you punish them 惩罚 | If I catch that boy in my garden again, I’ ll give him what for. 我要是再在我的花园里逮住那个男孩，就会收拾他。 | |
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| - | what if...? mainly spoken
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| 1 | used for asking what would happen in a particular situation , especially an unpleasant situation （尤指令人不快的情况）如果…将会怎么样？ | What if something goes wrong? 要是出了问题将会怎么样？ | | It sounds like a good offer, but what if it’ s a trick? 那个提议听起来很诱人，但如果是个骗局会怎么样？ | |
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| 2 | used when you are making a helpful suggestion （用于表示提出有益的建议）如果…怎么样？ | What if I lend you the money? Wouldn’ t that make everything a lot simpler? 我借钱给你怎么样？这样所有的事情不就简单多了吗？ | |
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| 3 | used for showing that you think something is not important 如果…又怎么样？（用于表示认为某事不重要） | Well, what if she’ s young as long as she’ s qualified to do the job. 唉，只要她能胜任这项工作，年轻又有什么关系。 | |
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| - | what now?/now what? spoken
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| used for asking what should be done next |
| 下一步怎么办？ |
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| - | what’ s more spoken
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| used for introducing an additional statement that supports what you have already said |
| 而且 |
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| Chrysanthemums are such beautiful flowers, and what’ s more they are very easy to grow. 菊花是一种很好看的花，而且很容易种植。 |
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| - | what’ s (up) with sb? AMERICAN spoken
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| used for asking why someone is behaving in a strange way |
| 某人怎么啦？（用于询问某人古怪行为的原因） |
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| What’ s up with David? Is he drunk or something? 戴维怎么啦？喝醉了还是怎么的？ |
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| - | what’ s (up) with sth? spoken
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| used for asking someone for an explanation about something |
| 某事怎么啦？（用于要求某人解释） |
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| What’ s with this bill? I don’ t owe you any money. 这张账单是怎么回事？我没欠你钱。 |
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| - | what’ s what spoken
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| the important facts that you should understand about a situation |
| 事情的究竟；事情的真相 |
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| know what’ s what He’ s worked in the insurance business all his life, so he knows what’ s what. 他一辈子都在保险公司工作，所以他知晓其中的真相。 |
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| - | what with spoken
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| used when you are giving a number of reasons for a particular situation or problem |
| 由于，因为（用于列举某种状况或问题的各种原因） |
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| The police are having a difficult time, what with all the drugs and violence on our streets. 所有的毒品和暴力事件都发生在我们的街道上，所以警察的日子不好过。 |
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| - | you what? BRITISH spoken
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| used for asking someone to repeat what they have just said . This is not a polite expression . It is better to say pardon . |
| 你说什么呢？（用于请求某人重复刚说过的话。这是一种不礼貌的表达法，用pardon一词更为妥当） |
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