stress

noun

OPAL WOPAL S

/stres/

mental pressure

[uncountable, countable] pressure or worry caused by problems in somebody’s life or by having too much to do由于某人生活中的问题或有太多事情要做而造成的压力或担忧

emotional/mental stress情感／精神压力
to suffer from stress有精神压力
to relieve/reduce/alleviate stress缓解／降低／减轻压力
under stress Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.人在压力之下，办事情就容易出差错。
The incident has caused enormous stress and anxiety to my family.这件事给我的家人造成了巨大的压力和不安。
We all sometimes struggle with the stresses and strains of daily life.我们有时都会与日常生活的压力和压力作斗争。
How can we help young people cope with the stress of exams?如何帮助青少年应对考试压力？
stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病
stress management (= dealing with stress)对于压力的应对
The release of the stress hormone cortisol is part of the human stress response.释放压力荷尔蒙皮质醇是人类的一种应激反应。
Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.心理压力常常是形成长期疾病的一个因素。
Few of us can understand the stresses of a job where an everyday mistake can cost lives.我们很少有人能够理解工作的压力，因为日常的错误可能会夺去生命。

Collocations Diet and exerciseDiet and exerciseWeight

put on/gain/lose weight/a few kilos/a few pounds
watch/control/struggle with your weight
be/become seriously overweight/underweight
be/become clinically/morbidly obese
achieve/facilitate/promote/stimulate weight loss
slim down to 70 kilos/(British English) 11 stone/(especially North American English) 160 pounds
combat/prevent/tackle/treat obesity
develop/have/suffer from/struggle with/recover from anorexia/bulimia/an eating disorder
be on/go on/follow a crash/strict diet
have/suffer from a negative/poor body image
have/develop a positive/healthy body image

Healthy eating

eat a balanced diet/healthily/sensibly
get/provide/receive adequate/proper nutrition
contain/get/provide essential nutrients/vitamins/minerals
be high/low in calories/fat/fibre/protein/vitamin D/Omega-3 fatty acids
contain (no)/use/be full of/be free from additives/chemical preservatives/artificial sweeteners
avoid/cut down on/cut out alcohol/caffeine/fatty foods
stop/give up/ (especially North American English) quit smoking

Exercise

(British English) take regular exercise
do moderate/strenuous/vigorous exercise
play football/hockey/tennis
go cycling/jogging/running
go to/visit/ (especially North American English) hit/work out at the gym
strengthen/tone/train your stomach muscles
contract/relax/stretch/use/work your lower-body muscles
build (up)/gain muscle
improve/increase your stamina/energy levels/physical fitness
burn/consume/expend calories

Staying healthy

be/get/keep/stay healthy/in shape/(especially British English) fit
lower your cholesterol/blood pressure
boost/stimulate/strengthen your immune system
prevent/reduce the risk of heart disease/high blood pressure/diabetes/osteoporosis
reduce/relieve/manage/combat stress
enhance/promote relaxation/physical and mental well-being

Synonyms pressurepressurestress ▪ tension ▪ strainThese are all words for the feelings of worry caused by the problems in somebody’s life.pressure difficulties and feelings of worry that are caused by the need to achieve something or to behave in a particular way:

She was unable to attend because of the pressures of work.由于工作紧张，她不能出席。

stress pressure or worry caused by the problems in somebody’s life:

stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病

pressure or stress?It is common to say that somebody is suffering from stress, while pressure may be the thing that causes stress.tension a feeling of worry and stress that makes it impossible to relax:

nervous tension神经紧张

strain pressure on somebody/something because they have too much to do or manage; the problems or worry that this produces:

I found it a strain looking after four children.我觉得照料四个孩子挺累的。

Patterns

to be under pressure/stress/strain
considerable pressure/stress/tension/strain
to cause stress/tension/strain
to cope with the pressure/stress/tension/strain
to relieve/release the pressure/stress/tension/strain
to be suffering from stress/tension

physical pressure

[uncountable, countable] physical pressure put on something that can damage it or make it lose its shape压力；应力

stress on something When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.一旦受伤，你便会让身体其他部位受力。
Little is known about the effects of water stress on plants.人们对水分胁迫对植物的影响知之甚少。
The building was condemned because of the damage caused by excessive heat stress. 该建筑因过度热应激造成的损坏而受到谴责。
Different organisms react differently to environmental stress (= damage to the environment caused by human activity or natural events).不同生物对环境刺激有不同的反应。
a stress fracture of the foot (= one caused by such pressure)足部应力性骨折

Extra Examples

Avoid exercise that puts undue stress on the knees.不要做给膝盖造成过度压力的运动。
Cycling puts very little stress on the joints.骑车时关节受力很小。
Engineers calculated the stresses borne by each of the bridge supports.工程师计算出桥的每根支柱所承受的压力。
He was diagnosed with a stress fracture in his right foot.他被诊断为右脚应力骨折。
Some woods warp under stress.有些木材受力后会弯曲。
Standing all day puts stress on your feet.整天站着会使双脚承受压力。
Stress is applied to the wood to make it bend.给木材施力使之弯曲。
The buttresses are subjected to constant stress.这些扶壁承受着恒定的压力。
The majority of sports injuries are due to excessive mechanical stress on joints, ligaments and muscles.多数运动损伤都是因关节、韧带和肌肉承受过度机械应力造成的。
The movements set up stresses in the earth's crust.这些运动给地壳造成了巨大压力。
The tower exerts an enormous stress on the walls.塔楼对墙造成巨大压力。
There is equal stress on all parts of the structure.结构的各部份受力均等。

Topics Physics and chemistryb2

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective

enormous
high
low
…

verb + stress

exert
set up
apply
…

stress + noun

fracture

preposition

stress on
under stress

on word/syllable

[uncountable, countable] (phonetics) an extra force used when pronouncing a particular word or syllable重音；重读

We worked on pronunciation, stress and intonation.我们学习了语音、重读和语调。
stress on something There's a stress on the second syllable.重音在第二音节。
In ‘strategic’ the stress falls on the second syllablestrategic 一词的重音在第二音节。

compare intonation

Wordfinder

cluster
consonant
diphthong
elide
intonation
phonetics
pronunciation
stress
tone
voiced

see also primary stress, secondary stress

Extra Examples

Where does the stress fall in ‘psychological’?psychological 一词的重音落在哪儿？
The first syllable takes the stress.第一个音节要重读。
Mark the primary stress in each word.标出每个单词的主重音。
Italian words usually have the main stress on the penultimate syllable in the word.意大利语单词的主重音通常在倒数第二个音节上。

Topics Languagea2

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective

main
major
primary
…

verb + stress

carry
have
take
…

stress + verb

fall
go

stress + noun

pattern

preposition

stress on

emphasis

[uncountable] stress (on something) special importance given to something强调；重要性

She lays great stress on punctuality.她十分注重守时。
I think the company places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality.我认为公司对成本强调有余，而对质量重视不足。

Extra Examples

There's been a lot of stress on getting drug sellers off the streets.清除街上的毒品贩子是一项一直受到强调的任务。
a study of child development, with the stress on acquisition of social skills一项以社交技能习得为重点的儿童成长研究
I must lay great stress on the need for secrecy.我必须突出强调保密的重要性。

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective

enormous
great
particular
…

verb + stress

lay
place
put
…

preposition

with the stress on
stress on

in music

[uncountable, countable] extra force used when making a particular sound in music加强（音）

illness

[uncountable] illness caused by difficult physical conditions环境恶劣引起的疾病

Those most vulnerable to heat stress are the elderly.上了年纪的人最容易因受热而生病。

Word OriginMiddle English (denoting hardship or force exerted on a person for the purpose of compulsion): shortening of distress, or partly from Old French estresse ‘narrowness, oppression’, based on Latin strictus ‘drawn tight’, past participle of stringere ‘tighten, draw tight’.

stress

verb

OPAL WOPAL S

/stres/

Verb Forms

present simple I / you / we / they stress	/stres/ /stres/
he / she / it stresses	/ˈstresɪz/ /ˈstresɪz/
past simple stressed	/strest/ /strest/
past participle stressed	/strest/ /strest/
-ing form stressing	/ˈstresɪŋ/ /ˈstresɪŋ/

word/syllable

[transitive] stress something to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it重读；用重音读

You stress the first syllable in ‘happiness’.happiness 一词重读第一个音节。
They might (and I stress the word 'might') do the right thing the next time. 他们下次可能（我强调“可能”这个词）做正确的事。

Synonyms stressstressemphasizeThese words both mean to give extra force to a syllable, word or phrase when you are saying it.stress to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it:

You stress the first syllable in ‘happiness’.happiness 一词重读第一个音节。

emphasize to give extra force to a word or phrase when saying it, especially to show that it is important:

‘Let nothing … nothing,’ he emphasized the word, ‘tempt you.’他强调说：“要抵制一切…一切的诱惑。”

Topics Languagea2

emphasize

[transitive] to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc.强调；着重

stress something He stressed the importance of a good education.他强调了良好教育的重要性。
She stressed the need for cooperation with the authorities.她强调了同当局合作的必要性。
She is at pains to stress the cultural differences between the two countries.她极力强调两国之间的文化差异。
stress that… I must stress that everything I've told you is strictly confidential.我必须强调，我告诉你的一切都要严加保密。
I can't stress enough that security is of the highest importance.需要再三强调的是，安全是重中之重。
+ speech ‘There is,’ Johnson stressed, ‘no real alternative.’约翰逊强调说：“别无真正能够替代的办法。”
it is stressed that… It must be stressed that this disease is very rare.必须着重指出，这种病非常罕见。
stress how, what, etc. I cannot stress too much how important this is.这事的重要性我怎么强调都不过分。

Extra Examples

Doctors have rightly stressed the importance of exercise.医生恰当地强调了锻炼的重要性。
He stressed the point very strongly that all these services cost money.他着重强调所有这些服务都是要花钱的。
I must stress that we still know very little about this disease.我必须强调一点，对这种疾病我们仍然所知甚少。
It is worth stressing that this was only a relatively small survey.应该强调的是，这只是一项规模相对较小的调查。
Private schools tend to stress the more academic subjects.私立学校往往注重学术性较强的科目。
She has constantly stressed the government's poor record in this area.她不断地强调政府在这方面的不良记录。
I want to stress how important this work is.我要强调的是这项任务很重要。
Observers stressed the necessity for the ceasefire to be observed.观察员强调必须遵守停火协议。
He was keen to stress the importance of physical exercise. 他热衷于强调体育锻炼的重要性。
Health officials have repeatedly stressed that the virus appears to be relatively mild.卫生官员一再强调，这种病毒似乎相对温和。

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb

heavily
strongly
constantly
…

verb + stress

must
tend to
be anxious to
…

phrases

I can’t stress enough
it can’t be stressed enough
be important to stress something
…

worry

[intransitive, transitive] to become or make somebody become too anxious or tired to be able to relax（使）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪

I just need to get some sleep and stop stressing.我只需要睡一会儿并停止压力。
stress out I try not to stress out when things go wrong.出问题时，我尽量不紧张。
stress somebody (out) Driving in cities really stresses me (out).在城市里开车让我真的很紧张。

Topics Feelingsb2