| 释义 |
strain noun /streɪn/ /streɪn/ Idioms pressure [uncountable, countable] pressure on a system or relationship because great demands are being placed on it压力；重负- The transport service cannot cope with the strain of so many additional passengers.运输部门不堪重负，无法应对大量增加的乘客。
- under strain Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。
- strain on something These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况形成了压力。
- There are strains in the relationship between the two countries.两国关系存在紧张。
Synonyms pressurepressurestress ▪ tension ▪ strainThese are all words for the feelings of worry caused by the problems in somebody’s life.pressure difficulties and feelings of worry that are caused by the need to achieve something or to behave in a particular way:- She was unable to attend because of the pressures of work.由于工作紧张，她不能出席。
stress pressure or worry caused by the problems in somebody’s life:- stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病
pressure or stress?It is common to say that somebody is suffering from stress, while pressure may be the thing that causes stress.tension a feeling of worry and stress that makes it impossible to relax:strain pressure on somebody/something because they have too much to do or manage; the problems or worry that this produces:- I found it a strain looking after four children.我觉得照料四个孩子挺累的。
Patterns- to be under pressure/stress/strain
- considerable pressure/stress/tension/strain
- to cause stress/tension/strain
- to cope with the pressure/stress/tension/strain
- to relieve/release the pressure/stress/tension/strain
- to be suffering from stress/tension
Extra Examples- After three years, their marriage was beginning to show signs of strain.3 年后，他们的婚姻开始出现紧张迹象。
- Increasing demand is placing undue strain on services.需求不断增加对服务造成过大的压力。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- considerable
- enormous
- great
- …
verb + strainstrain + verb- show
- take its toll (on somebody)
- tell (on somebody)
- …
preposition- under the strain
- strain on
phrases- a bit of a strain
- signs of strain
- stresses and strains
- …
[countable, uncountable] mental pressure or worry felt by somebody because they have too much to do or manage; something that causes this pressure（精神上的）压力，紧张，担忧，重负- You will learn to cope with the stresses and strains of public life.你要学会应付公众人物生活的紧张和辛劳。
- I found it a strain having to concentrate for so long.我觉得这么长时间全神贯注挺累的。
- Relax, and let us take the strain (= do things for you).你歇一下，我们来顶一会儿。
- under strain Television newsreaders come under enormous strain.电视新闻播音员压力很大。
Extra Examples- After weeks of overtime, she was starting to feel the strain.加班几个星期以后，她开始感觉到了疲劳。
- After weeks of uncertainty, the strain was beginning to take its toll.几个星期的忐忑不安之后，压力开始让人受不了了。
- He broke down under the strain of having to work twelve hours a day.他在一天工作 12 个小时的压力下崩溃了。
- I found it a bit of a strain making conversation with her.和她谈话我感到有点儿紧张。
- It's a real strain having to get up so early!这么早起床真够受的！
- The internet takes the strain out of shopping.因特网减轻了购物的压力。
- The mental strain of sharing an office with Alison was starting to show.与艾利森共用一间办公室带来的精神压力逐渐开始显现。
- the stresses and strains of a long day漫长的一天的压力和紧张
- I found it a strain looking after four children.我觉得照料四个孩子挺累的。
[uncountable, countable] the pressure that is put on something when a physical force stretches, pushes, or pulls it压力；拉力；张力；应力- under the strain The rope broke under the strain.绳子给拉断了。
- strain on something You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.你要尽量不让肌肉和关节太吃力。
- The ground here cannot take the strain of a large building.这块地承受不住大型建筑的压力。
- The cable has a 140kg breaking strain (= it will break when it is stretched or pulled by a force greater than this).这种缆索的断裂应变力为 140 千克。
Extra Examples- There's too much strain on the corner of the table.桌角承受的压力太大了。
- a fishing line with a 15lb breaking strain断裂应变为15 磅的钓线
- The ice gave way under the strain.冰在压力作用下坍塌了。
Topics Physics and chemistryc1Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- considerable
- enormous
- great
- …
verb + strainstrain + verb- show
- take its toll (on somebody)
- tell (on somebody)
- …
preposition- under the strain
- strain on
phrases- a bit of a strain
- signs of strain
- stresses and strains
- …
injury [countable, uncountable] an injury to a part of your body, such as a muscle, that is caused by using it too much or by twisting it劳损；拉伤；扭伤- a calf/groin/leg strain腿肚子／腹股沟／腿部拉伤
- muscle strain肌肉劳损
Extra Examples- Sterling will play if he can shake off a slight thigh strain.如果斯特林能够摆脱大腿的轻微拉伤，他就会参加比赛。
- You'll get eye strain if you don't put the light on.不开灯，你的眼睛会疲劳。
Topics Health problemsc1Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectiveverb + strain- be suffering from
- have
- get
- …
type of plant/animal/disease- [countable] a particular type of plant or animal, or of a disease caused by bacteria, etc.（动、植物的）系，品系，品种；（疾病的）类型
- a new strain of mosquitoes resistant to the poison对这种毒药有抗药性的新品种蚊子
- This is only one of the many strains of the disease.这种病有许多类型，这只是其中之一。
- H5N1 is a strain of avian influenza.H5N1 是一种禽流感病毒。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectiveverb + strain- discover
- identify
- analyse/analyze
- …
preposition in somebody’s character- [countable, usually singular] a particular feature of the character of a person or group, or a quality in their manner个性特点；性格倾向；秉性 synonym streak
- He had a definite strain of snobbery in him.他这个人明显有一股势利小人的气味。
of music- [countable, usually plural] (formal) the sound of music being played or sung乐曲；曲调；旋律
- She could hear the strains of Mozart through the window.她听见从窗户飘出的莫扎特的旋律。
- He heard the familiar strains of a tango coming from the club.他听到俱乐部里传来熟悉的探戈曲调。
Topics Musicc2 Word Originnoun senses 1 to 3 and noun sense 6 Middle English (as a verb): from Old French estreindre, from Latin stringere ‘draw tight’. Current senses of the noun arose in the mid 16th cent. noun senses 4 to 5 Old English strīon ‘acquisition, gain’, of Germanic origin; related to Latin struere ‘to build up’. Idioms - if a system or service creaks under the strain, it cannot deal effectively with all the things it is expected to do or provide因负担过重而效率低下；由于压力过大而运转不灵
strain verb /streɪn/ /streɪn/ Idioms injure- [transitive] strain something/yourself to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard损伤；拉伤；扭伤
- to strain a muscle拉伤肌肉
- You’ll strain your back carrying those heavy suitcases.提着那些沉重的手提箱你会拉伤你的背部。
Synonyms injureinjurewound ▪ hurt ▪ bruise ▪ sprain ▪ pull ▪ strainThese words all mean to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident.injure to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident:- He injured his knee playing hockey.他打曲棍球时弄伤了膝盖。
- Three people were injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人受伤。
wound [often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon:- 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.这次攻击中有 50 人受重伤。
Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks that affect a lot of people.hurt to cause physical pain to somebody/yourself; to injure somebody/yourself:- Did you hurt yourself?你伤着自己了吗？
injure or hurt?You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way.bruise to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after somebody has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruisesprain to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly twisting it, causing pain and swellingpull to damage a muscle, etc., by using too much forcestrain to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard:- Don’t strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。
Patterns- to injure/hurt/strain yourself
- to injure/hurt/sprain/pull/strain a muscle
- to injure/hurt/sprain your ankle/foot/knee/wrist/hand
- to injure/hurt/strain your back/shoulder/eyes
- to injure/hurt your spine/neck
- to be badly/severely/slightly injured/wounded/hurt/bruised/sprained
Collocations InjuriesInjuriesBeing injured- have a fall/an injury
- receive/suffer/sustain a serious injury/a hairline fracture/(especially British English) whiplash/a gunshot wound
- hurt/injure your ankle/back/leg
- damage the brain/an ankle ligament/your liver/the optic nerve/the skin
- pull/strain/tear a hamstring/ligament/muscle/tendon
- sprain/twist your ankle/wrist
- break a bone/your collarbone/your leg/three ribs
- fracture/crack your skull
- break/chip/knock out/lose a tooth
- burst/perforate your eardrum
- dislocate your finger/hip/jaw/shoulder
- bruise/cut/graze your arm/knee/shoulder
- burn/scald yourself/your tongue
- bang/bump/hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/head/knee (on/against something)
Treating injuries- treat somebody for burns/a head injury/a stab wound
- examine/clean/dress/bandage/treat a bullet wound
- repair a damaged/torn ligament/tendon/cartilage
- amputate/cut off an arm/a finger/a foot/a leg/a limb
- put on/ (formal) apply/take off (especially North American English) a Band-Aid™/(British English) a plaster/a bandage
- need/require/put in/ (especially British English) have (out)/ (North American English) get (out) stitches
- put on/rub on/ (formal) apply cream/ointment/lotion
- have/receive/undergo (British English) physiotherapy/(North American English) physical therapy
Extra Examples- Are you sure you can carry all that? Don't strain yourself.你真提得了那么多东西吗？别把自己弄伤了。
- Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。
- You'll strain your back carrying those heavy suitcases.提着那些沉重的手提箱你会拉伤你的背部。
make effort- [transitive, intransitive] to make an effort to do something, using all your mental or physical strength尽力；竭力；使劲
- strain something to do something I strained my ears (= listened very hard) to catch what they were saying.我竖起耳朵去听他们在说些什么。
- strain something Necks were strained for a glimpse of the stranger.大家伸长了脖子想看一看这个陌生人。
- strain to do something People were straining to see what was going on.人们翘首企足看发生了什么事。
- strain (something) (for something) He burst to the surface, straining for air.他冲出水面，使劲吸气。
- Bend gently to the left without straining.轻轻向左弯，不要用力。
Extra Examples- I strained forward to get a better view.我使劲向前，想看得更清楚些。
- Their ears strained for any slight sound.他们都在侧耳倾听任何一点儿细微的声音。
- We had to strain to hear what was being said.我们得费很大劲儿才能听清在说什么。
- You could see he was straining hard to understand.可以看得出，他正竭力想弄明白。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverbverb + strainprepositionphrases- strain to hear something
- strain to see something
stretch to limit- [transitive] strain something to try to make something do more than it is able to do过度使用；使不堪承受
- The sudden influx of visitors is straining hotels in the town to the limit.游客突然涌入，城里的旅馆全都爆满。
- His constant complaints were straining our patience.他没完没了的抱怨让我们忍无可忍。
- The dispute has strained relations between the two countries (= made them difficult).这场争端使两国关系紧张起来。
- Her latest version of events strained their credulity still further.她对事件的最新说法进一步增加了他们的可信度。
Extra Examples- Our public health laboratories are strained to (the) breaking point.我们的公共卫生实验室承受着极大的压力。
- The company is already straining under the weight of a $12 billion debt.这家公司已经承受着 120 亿美元的高额债务了。
- The dispute severely strained relations between the two countries.这场争端使两国关系极其紧张。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverbphrases- strain something to breaking point
- strain something to the breaking point
- strain something to its limits
- …
push/pull hard- [intransitive] + adv./prep. to push hard against something; to pull hard on something用力推（或拉）；拉紧
- She strained against the ropes that held her.她使劲挣了挣拴着她的绳子。
- The dogs were straining at the leash, eager to get to the park.几条狗用力拽着皮带，急于要去公园。
Extra Examples- Several men were straining at a rope, trying to move the stalled vehicle.好几个人正在用力拉一根绳子，试图拖动抛了锚的车子。
- The dogs were straining against the sled.那些狗在用力拉雪橇。
separate solid from liquid- [transitive] to pour food, etc. through something with very small holes in it, for example a sieve, in order to separate the solid part from the liquid part滤；过滤
- strain something Use a colander to strain the vegetables.把蔬菜放在漏筐里控控水。
- Strain the juice from the cherries into a small saucepan.将樱桃汁滤入小锅中。
- strain something off Strain off any excess liquid.滤掉多余的液体。
Topics Cooking and eatingc2 Word Originverb Middle English (as a verb): from Old French estreindre, from Latin stringere ‘draw tight’. Current senses of the noun arose in the mid 16th cent. Idioms - (informal) to want to do something very much急于；迫不及待
- Like all youngsters, he's straining at the leash to leave home.跟所有年轻人一样，他也急于离开家生活。
strain every nerve/sinew (to do something) - to try as hard as you can to do something竭尽全力（做某事）
- He strained every nerve to snatch victory from defeat.他竭尽全力从失败中夺取胜利。
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