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单词 ergative
释义
ergative
adjective
languagespecialized
uk
/ˈɜː.ɡə.tɪv/us
/ˈɜː˞.ɡə.t̬ɪv/
used to refer to averbthat can betransitive(= used with anobject)orintransitive(= used without anobject), with theobjectof thetransitiveverbused as thesubjectof theintransitiveverb. Forexample,closeis an ergativeverb(Iclosedthedoor| Thedoorclosed):
（动词）通格的（当一个动词作及物动词时，它的宾语与它用作不及物动词时的主语相同，此动词即为通格的。如：close 就是一个通格动词。(I closed the door. The door closed.）
Ergativeverbsare bothtransitiveandintransitive.通格动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。
asentencein which themainverbis ergative主要动词是一个通格动词的句子
used to refer to atypeofnounin which thepersonwho does anactionis theobjectof theverbratherthan thesubject:
作格的
Grammaticalfeaturessuch as ergativepronounscan bedetected.作格代词等语法特征可以被检测到。
Ergative is thecasemarkingtransitivesubject.作格是标记及物主语的格。
More examples
  • He told me these unusual-lookinggrammaticalpatternsI haduncoveredwere ergative.
  • NoAfricanlanguageisknownto have ergativecharacteristics.
  • Thelanguageis said to have ergativesyntax.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Linguistics: grammatical terms
  • ablative
  • apposition
  • appositive
  • appositively
  • attributively
  • concord
  • countable
  • demonstrative
  • feminine
  • intensifier
  • nominative
  • particle
  • premodifier
  • regularity
  • singular
  • stative
  • syntactic
  • syntactically
  • syntax
  • uncountable
See more results »
ergative
noun[C]
languagespecialized
uk
/ˈɜː.ɡə.tɪv/us/ˈɜː˞.ɡə.t̬ɪv/
an ergativeverb:
通格动词
Theverb"capsize" is an ergative.动词“capsize”是一个通格动词。
Do notconfuseergatives with passives.不要混淆作格与被动。
More examples
  • Ergatives can be usedtransitively(Thestormsanktheship) as well asintransitively(Theshipsank).
  • InEnglish, theobjectof an ergative has to bemovedtosubjectposition.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Linguistics: grammatical terms
  • ablative
  • apposition
  • appositive
  • appositively
  • attributively
  • concord
  • countable
  • demonstrative
  • feminine
  • intensifier
  • nominative
  • particle
  • premodifier
  • regularity
  • singular
  • stative
  • syntactic
  • syntactically
  • syntax
  • uncountable
See more results »
(Definition ofergativefrom theCambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus© Cambridge University Press)

Examplesofergative

ergative
Inergative- absolutive languages, the lowest nonoblique argument gets absolutive and the next lowest getsergative.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The explanation ofergative-absolutive and nominative-accusative alignment is clear.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The formal hierarchy is based on the morphological complexity of the marking : nominative\\absolutive accusative\\ergativedative\\other oblique adposition (436).
From theCambridge English Corpus
Theergativecase is marked with one of four morphemes but there is no marking for absolutive case.
From theCambridge English Corpus
While adults only dropped theergativecase marker in a pre-consonant position, the children also dropped it in pre-vocalic and utterance final positions.
From theCambridge English Corpus
He notes therefore that one should not speak of an 'ergativelanguage ' but rather an 'ergativesystem ' within a language.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Table 6 shows the rate of omission ofergativecase in monolingual children, which is 22/70 or 31%.
From theCambridge English Corpus
My claim is that the difficulty that children have in producingergativecase is a morphological one.
From theCambridge English Corpus
If the trappedergativecase marker had been lost for phonotactic reasons, we would expect it to have been retained at least in vowel-final stems.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Lexical verbs may be transitive (29a, b),ergative(29c, d), and intransitive (29e).
From theCambridge English Corpus
This name is more difficult to explain morphologically because the grammatical features such asergativepronouns cannot be detected.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The omission ofergativecase was productive in ten of the twenty bilingual subjects of this study.
From theCambridge English Corpus
This would give information to a child as to the argument structure of the verb : the verb would require anergativesubject.
From theCambridge English Corpus
In theergative, the trapped suffix -n of the host noun was lost.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The behaviour of unergative verbs contrasts sharply with that ofergativeones and is clearly in line with our analysis.
From theCambridge English Corpus
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
#https://dictionary.cambridge.org//dictionary/english/ergative##
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更新时间：2026/9/22 21:04:51