At low temperatures, the outlet to the radiator is completely blocked-all of the coolant is recirculated back through the engine.
在低温时，散热器的出口完全被堵住-所有的冷却液在发动机内来回流动。
2
When the outletcoolant temperature or heat-transfer temperature difference is chosen, the acceptable mean residence time can be calculated by the second limiting condition.
在冷却介质出口温度或传热温差选定的情况下，可以由第二个条件计算满足热稳定性的平均停留时间。
3
The coolant flows from the inlet to the outlet through many tubes mounted in a parallel arrangement.