The Bernoulli hump, Kelvin wake, vortex wake and internal wave wake, etc. are generated, as the submarine moves in the ocean. These wake signatures may be used in remote sensing of submarine.

NPLS images at high spatiotemporal resolution reveal shockwave, expansion wave, boundary layer and wake in the flow.

Finally, Over-all loss coefficients in the cascade are obtained, considering effects of the shock wave passage and wake.