The agreement marks a setback for the European Union and the US, which have urged Kazakhstan to export oil and gas across the Caspian to western markets.
Examples include the breakup of the Soviet Union and the race for control of oil deposits in the newly independent states.
案例包括前苏联的解体以及各个新独立国家间为争夺石油储备的控制权而展开的竞赛。
3
Many developed countries, such as the US and countries in the European Union, reconsidered their energy policy and significantly decreased their imports of oil.