However, when surface waters are warm (as during an el ni? O), they do not allow the colder, deeper currents to upwell and effectively block the flow of life-sustaining nutrients.
The impact of this year’s El Niño has so far been less severe, but bad enough.
今年迄今的「圣婴现象」影响虽还不严重，但已不容小觑。
3
During the droughts of 1997 and 1998, which were linked to El Niñ o, an irregular warming of the Pacific Ocean, 39,000 square kilometres of Amazonian forest were burned by such fires.