ACD changes and relevant factors should be considered in studying the accuracy of IOL refractionformula and in adjusting the calculated data.
在研究IOL屈光度数计算公式的准确性和调整公式的计算值时，应考虑术后acd的变化及其相关因素。
2
For this new type fiber end, the ray refractionformula at a spherical surface and the ray trace equation are used to analyze ray transformation properties.
借助于光纤在球面上的折射公式及光线传输方程，分析了这种新型单模光纤端的光学传递性质。
3
The Gauss's formula in Geometrical optics derived without relying on specific mechanisms such as reflection and refraction.