| 释义 |
should/ʃʊd/v. aux. (3rd sing. should) past of SHALL, used esp. 尤用于 : 1 in reported speech, esp. with the reported element in the 1st person 尤在第一人称作为间接成分的间接引语中 I said I should be home by evening 我说过我晚上到家 2a to express a duty, obligation, or likelihood; = OUGHT1 表示职责、义务或可能性 I should tell you 我应该告诉你; you should have been more careful 你本应更仔细些; they should have arrived by now 现在他们应该到达了 b (in the 1st person) to express a tentative suggestion (用于第一人称)表示试探性建议 I should like to say something 我想说点什么 3a expressing the conditional mood in the 1st person (cf. 参见 WOULD) 用于第一人称的条件句中 I should have been killed if I had gone 如果我去了，我可能已经没命了 b forming a conditional protasis or indefinite clause 构成条件从句或不定从句 if you should see him 如果你见到他; should they arrive, tell them where to go 如果他们来了，告诉他们要去的地方 4 expressing purpose = MAY, MIGHT1 表示目的 in order that we should not worry 为了使我们不必担忧■ Usage 用法说明 Should and would are used in reported speech (see sense 1 above), and in forming the conditional mood (see sense 3a above) As with shall and will, there is much confusion as to when to use should and would. The traditional rule in standard British English is that should is used for the first person singular and plural (I and we), and would with the second and third persons (you, he, she, it, they). Examples are I said I should be late; you said you would be late (reported speech); I should have given it to her if I had seen her; they would have laughed if they had seen us (conditional). However, would is now more often used with I and we than should, i.e. I said I would be late; I would have given it to her if I had seen her, in order to avoid the sense of obligation or duty implied by should (see sense 2a above). In senses 2a, 3b, and 4 should and not would is used with all the persons. should 和 would 可用于间接引语(见以上释义 1) ，还可用于构成条件式(见以上释义 3a) 。与 shall 和 will 一样，何时用 should 或 would 也颇令人困惑。标准英国英语的传统规则是 : should 用于第一人称的单复数 (I 与 we) ， would 用于第二和第三人称的单复数 (you ， he ， she ， it ， they) 。例如 I said I should be late; you said you would be late (我说过我会迟到的；你说过你会迟到的) (间接引语)； I should have given it to her if I had seen her; they would have laughed if they had seen us (如果当时我能见到她，我就把它给她了；如果当时他们看到我们，他们会笑的) (条件句)。但是，如今 would 比 should 更常用于 I 和 we 了，即 I said I would be late; I would have given it to her if I had seen her (我说过我会迟到的；如果当时我见到她，我就把它给她了)。这样用可避免 should 所暗示的“义务或责任”的含义(见以上释义 2a) 。在释义 2a 、释义 3b 和释义 4 中， should (而不是 would) 可用于所有的人称。 |