| 释义 |
work /wɜːk/ n. | a. | vi. | vt. | phr.
I n.
1. 工作(量)；劳动；作业
hard work 辛苦的工作
a day's work 一天的工作
plan one's work for the day 安排一天的工作
the work of writing a dictionary 词典编写工作
stop work at five 5点钟收工
I've got loads of work to do. 我有很多很多事情要做。
It takes a lot of work to build a house. 造房子很费事。
a housewife's work 家务劳动
manual (mental) work 体力(脑力)劳动
The students finished their work in class. 学生当堂把作业做完。
2. 职业，差事
the work of a miner 矿工活
look for work 找工作
My work is as a doctor. 我的工作是医生。
be without work 失业
3. 工作成果；产品
the work of many hands 许多人的劳动成果
porcelain work 瓷器
This mat is my own work. 这条席子是我自己编的。
4. 作品；著作
the works of Dickens 狄更斯的作品
Chopin's works 肖邦的作品
The Complete Works of Lu Xun 《鲁迅全集》
a work of reference 参考书
a new work on acupuncture 一本关于针灸的新书
5. (正在加工的)工件，工作物，活计(尤指针线活、刺绣活等)
Bring your work out into the garden. 把你的活拿到花园里来做吧。
6. 工作地点，工作场所；办公处
get to work on time 按时上班
I can't leave work till 5. 我要到5点钟才能下班。
7. [常作 works] 行为，行动；【宗】德行，善行
The broken window must be the work of that bad boy. 打碎窗户的准是那坏小子。
a person of good works 行善的人
8. 作用，效果
The morphine has done its work well. 吗啡完全发生了作用。
Sand dunes are the work of sea and wind. 沙丘是海洋和风力作用的结果。
9. 【物】功；作功
convert heat into work 把热转化为功
10. (防御)工事；[works](桥梁、水坝等)工程
irrigation works 灌溉工程
11. [works][用作单或复]工厂
a cement works 水泥厂
The works was due to close in early 1979. 这家工厂定于1979年初关闭。
12. [works](机械装置中的)活动机件，运转机构
the works of a clock 钟的机件
13. 工作方式；工作效率；〈废〉工艺
Better tools make for better work. 工欲利其事，必先利其器。
14. (制醋等发酵产生的)泡沫
15. [works]〈口〉相关的所有事物，全套事物
The whole works, rod, reel, tackle box, went overboard. 全套鱼具，包括钓竿、绕线轮、鱼具箱等，都从船上掉入水中。
He had all the paraphernalia that a German intellectual ought to have: encyclopedias, dictionaries, books on medicine — the works. 一个德国知识分子应有的装备他全有：百科全书、词典、医药书以及诸如此类的东西。
a hamburger with the works 配菜齐全的汉堡包
II a.
工作的；为工作的，工作用的
work clothes 工作服
a work routine 日常例行工作
a work elephant 役用象
III (worked 或 〈古〉wrought /rɔːt/)
❶ vi.
1. 工作；干活，劳动
work 40 hours a week 每周工作40小时
work late into night 工作到深夜
work for hours clearing up the yard 劳动数小时打扫院子
work closely with sb. 与某人紧密合作
2. 从事职业，担任差事
work as a bus driver 当公共汽车司机
work in a bank 在银行工作
work for an oil company 为一家石油公司工作
work for a living 谋生
This man works in leather. 这人是皮匠。
3. 学习，做作业
You haven't worked but you'll pass your exams. 你从来就是为了考试及格才用功的。
4. (器官、机器等)活动，运转
His heart is working badly. 他的心脏不好。
My brain doesn't seem to be working well today. 我的脑子今天似乎不大好使。
Hinges work better with oil. 铰链上油后就灵活了。
The bell isn't working. 铃不响了。
5. 起作用，有效
How long does a sleeping pill take to work? 安眠药起作用要多少时间?
Your idea won't work in practice. 你的想法实际上行不通。
It worked like a charm. 这产生了奇效。
The experiment has not worked very well. 实验并不很成功。
6. (因激动等)抽动，颤动
His face worked with anger. 他气得面部抽搐。
Her mouth worked, but nothing came out. 她嘴唇颤动，但什么话也说不出来。
7. 翻腾；激荡
Waves work to and fro. 波浪翻腾。
Thoughts were working within him. 他心潮澎湃。
8. 缓慢而费力地行进；艰难地进行；(船)顶风航行
They worked through the snow to the street. 他们费力地穿过雪地向大街走去。
We must work through the difficulties until we find an answer. 我们必须克服种种困难找到解决办法。
The ship worked to windward. 船只顶风航行。
9. (因活动)渐渐变得，渐渐处于特定状态
Socks worked down. 短袜穿着穿着往下皱缩。
The button worked loose. 纽扣松掉了。
work free of the chains 渐渐挣脱锁链
10. 做针线；刺绣
11. 被加工，被做成形
Not all metals work easily. 并非所有的金属都容易加工。
This putty works easily. 这油灰很容易塑捏。
12. 发酵
Yeast makes beer work. 酵母使啤酒发酵。
13. (机件、船体等)松动，松脱
❷ vt.
1. 使工作；使干活，使劳动
work people 14-and 15-hour days to make up for manpower shortages 为弥补劳动力不足要人们一天工作14-15小时
work sb. like a slave 驱使某人奴隶般地干活
work a horse nearly to death 驱马干活干得几乎累死
We were worked very hard yesterday. 昨天我们给搞得非常劳累。
2. 使运转，开动；操作
It's worked by electricity. 这东西是电动的。
a pump worked by hand 手摇泵
work a lathe 开车床
work the milking machine 操作挤奶机
3. 经营，管理；控制
work a farm 办农场
The switches are worked from a central tower. 这些开关是由中央塔楼控制的。
4. 开(矿等)，开采(矿石等)
work a coal mine 开煤矿
work an oil well 开采油井
easily worked deposits of uranium 易开采的铀矿
5. 做成，造成，产生
work wonders (或magic) 创造奇迹
The destruction wrought by the fire was appalling. 这场火灾造成的破坏是骇人的。
work profound changes 产生深刻的变化
6. 在(地区或部门)从事活动
the fishermen who work the northern Pacific 在北太平洋地区作业的渔民
That salesman works the southern region. 那位推销员在南方地区从事推销。
Have you ever worked the travel agency? 你曾在旅行社工作过吗?
7. 加工，把…做成形；构成
work stone 加工石料
work cold steel 对钢材作冷加工
work a piece of copper into a tray 把一块铜打成一个盘子
The setting was finely worked. 这台布景制作精巧。
work stories 编造故事
8. 缝制；绣制；编织
a baby's dress worked by hand 手工缝制的童装
work sb. a pair of slippers 为某人缝制一双拖鞋
work a sweater 织毛衣
work a pattern on linen 在亚麻布上绣花样
9. 绘制；雕刻(人像等)
10. 揉和；搅和；搀和
work dough 揉面团
work butter 搅拌黄油
11. 缓慢而费力地取得；靠打工挣钱取得
They worked their way out of the wood. 他们拖着疲步走出树林。
He worked his way through college. 他靠打工挣钱读完了大学。
work one's passage to Europe 靠打工挣钱到达欧洲
12. (因活动)使渐渐变得，使渐渐处于特定状态
work a nail loose 使钉子松脱
work a boulder out of the hole 把一块大石从洞里慢慢地弄出来
13. 影响；说服；劝诱
work sb. to one's way of thinking 说服某人同意自己的想法
14. 使激动，激起
He worked the children to tears. 他惹得孩子们哭了。
15. (因激动等)使抽动，使颤动
work the muscles in one's face 抽动面部肌肉
16. 〈主美〉计算，算出
work a percentage 计算百分比
work a mathematical problem 算出一道数学题
17. 使(啤酒等)发酵
18. 〈口〉利用；哄骗
work one' s connections 利用私人关系
work one's poise and charm in landing a new job 利用自己的风度和魅力弄到一份新工作
See if you can work your uncle for a new car. 看你能不能哄得你叔叔给你买辆新汽车。
19. 耕种
work the fields 耕种田地
[< OE weorc, wyrcan; 与Ger werk 有关 < IE werg- to do, act] phr. all in a (或the) day's work 〈口〉习以为常的，不足为奇的 To anyone working in a hotel, angry complaints from guests are all in a day's work. 对在旅馆里工作的人来说，客人们怒气冲冲提意见是家常便饭。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 〈谚〉只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 at work 1. 在工作；在干活，在劳动 I'll be at work tomorrow. 我明天要上班。He has been at work on a book (on his car). 他一直在忙着写一本书(修他的汽车)。2. 在工作地点， 在工作场所；在办公室 call sb. at work 打电话到工作单位找某人 3. 在运转；在起作用 Computers will be hard at work on these problems. 计算机将全力以赴计算这些问题。Several favourable factors have been at work in the past year. 过去一年中有几种有利因素一直在起作用。bung up the works = gum up the works
get the works〈口〉
1. 吃苦头，受折磨；遭惩罚
2. 被杀害
get to work 着手工作
give sb. the works 〈口〉
1. 给某人吃苦头，折磨某人；惩罚某人
The newspaper gave the police department the works when they let the burglars get away. 警察放走窃贼遭到报纸的激烈抨击。
2. 杀害某人
give sb. the works with an automatic 用自动枪杀害某人
3. 对某人和盘托出
give sth. the works 〈口〉对某物进行全套处理；使某物大为改观
We're giving our house the works — we're painting the whole place and putting in new furniture. 我们要把屋子全面装修一番——要整个油漆一番并搬进新的家具。
go about one's work = set about one's work
gum up the works〈俚〉毁坏；搞糟；搞乱
have one's work cut out (for one) 〈口〉面临艰巨的任务；十分忙碌
We'll have our work cut out to finish on time. 我们要按时完成是够艰巨的。
Their poor teacher must have her work cut out for her to control such a noisy class. 他们那位可怜的老师管理这样一个吵吵嚷嚷的班级一定很不容易。
in the works 〈主美〉在筹备中；在完成中
Several large investments in natural resources are in the works. 在自然资源方面的几项大笔投资正在筹划之中。
A compromise on strategic arms limitation was finally in the works. 有关战略武器限制的一项妥协方案终于就要达成了。
in work 1. 有工作，有职业
He'll be glad to be in regular work again. 重新得到固定的工作，他将会很高兴。
2. 在制作中，在加工中
The studio has three films in work right now. 这家制片厂目前有3部片子在摄制。
3. (马)在训练中
make hard work of 使(不太困难的事)显得很困难
make light work of 把(一件事情)轻而易举地做好
You have worked hard all year, and should be able to make light work of passing the examinations. 你一年到头刻苦用功，一定能轻而易举地通过这次考试。
make sad work of 把…做坏，把…搞糟
make short (或quick) work of 〈口〉迅速干掉，迅速解决
The children made short work of the cakes. 孩子们把蛋糕一下子都吃掉了。
The boy was anxious to get to the movies, so he made short work of his homework. 这男孩急于去看电影，所以很快就把作业做完了。
out of work 无工作， 无职业
He is at present out of work. 他目前失业。
put sb. to work 安排某人工作
ride work 训练赛马
set about one's work 着手工作
set sb. to work = put sb. to work
set to work= get to work
shoot the works〈美俚〉
1. 不惜一切，孤注一掷
2. 竭尽全力
the work of a moment 即刻做完的事，易如反掌的事
work against 1. 竭力反对
work against a peace settlement 竭力反对和平解决
2. 对…造成不利
Time is working against you. 时间越长对你越是不利。
work around to = work round to
work at 1. 在…工作，在…任职
2. 从事于，致力于
work at one's lessons 做功课
You will never become good at tennis, unless you work at it. 除非你下点功夫，否则你将永远打不好网球。
work away 1. 不停地继续工作
I found him working away in his office. 我发现他一直在办公室里不停地工作。
2. 不停地抽动，不断地颤动
Her mouth was working away all the time he was speaking, I think she was trying not to laugh. 在他讲话时她的嘴一直在抽动，我想她是在拼命忍着不笑出来。
work back 〈澳口〉加班工作
work in 1. (使)渐渐进入
The dust has worked in everywhere. 灰尘无孔不入到处都是。
He spread on the ointment and worked it in thoroughly with the fingers. 他敷上油膏, 并用手指揉擦使之充分渗入。
2. 把…穿插进去，把…插入
He worked in a few jokes in his speech. 他在讲话中穿插了几个笑话。
The tailor worked in the patch skillfully. 那裁缝巧妙地把补丁缀入。
3. 把…安排进去；把…加入
I'll try and work this job in during the day. 我会设法在白天安排时间做这件工作的。
The singer worked in an extra song. 歌手又加唱了一支歌。
work into 1. (使)渐渐进入
work one's foot into the boot by pulling 使劲拉扯把脚伸进靴子
work the manure deep into the soil 把肥料深深翻入土壤
2. 把…穿插进，把…插入
Mary worked some blue into the rug she was weaving. 玛丽在她编织的毯子里搀了些蓝线。
3. 使变得
work a crowd into a frenzy 煽动得人群疯狂
work oneself into a rage 激动得大发脾气
work in with (使)与…合作；(使)和…一致
She worked in with them as much as possible. 她尽力与他们协作。
His plans will not work in with ours. 他的计划和我们的计划不一致。
work it 〈俚〉完成，做好
I'll work it if I can.我能够的话一定办成。
work off1. (通过工作、活动等)消除，去除
work off one's shame 洗刷耻辱
work off excess weight 减轻过量的体重
work off one's anger 发泄怒气
work off a debt 抵偿债务
2. 完成，结束
I hope to work off most of the urgent letters by tomorrow. 我希望在明天之前把大部分紧要信件写好。
The contract is worked off. 合同已经履行完毕。
3. 最后印好，印出
work off a poster 印出招贴
4. 使假冒，使冒充
He tried to work off the poem as his own. 他想诓称这首诗是他写的。
5. (使)变松；(使)松脱
The handle has worked off. 那柄已经松了。
work on 1. 继续工作
2. 从事于；致力于
work on a new novel 写作新小说
work on the weak points 致力于薄弱环节
3. 对…有影响，对…有作用
Will it work on human beings? 这将对人有影响吗?
4. 试图影响，努力说服
Senator Smith worked on the other committee members to vote for the bill. 参议员史密斯游说其他委员投票赞成这项提案。
work out 1. 想出；制订出；产生出
work out a method 想出一种办法
work out a programme 制订方案
They worked out their own road to socialism. 他们开辟了一条有自己特色的通向社会主义的道路。
2. 解决；确定
work out the differences (difficulties) 解决分歧(困难)
Can you work out on the map where we are now? 你能在地图上找到我们现在所在的位置吗?
3. 使筋疲力尽；耗尽
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不知疲倦似的。
The mine was worked out long ago. 那个矿早就开采尽了。
4. 计算；(被)算出
work out one's tax 计算某人的税款
The sum won't work out. 这笔数额算不出来。
5. 理解，弄懂；知道
I can't work out the meaning of this poem. 我弄不懂这首诗的意思。
work out the enemy's secret messages 破译敌人的密电
When did you work out that he had been lying to you? 你什么时候发觉他在对你撒谎的?
6. (使)松脱，(使)脱出
His shirt has worked out. 他的衬衫从裤腰处拖到外面来了。
7. 被证明有效(或切实可行、合适)
I hope this works out. 我希望这证明是可行的。
8. 产生结果；发展；成功
Things worked out quite differently. 结果，情况大不相同。
The plan worked out badly. 计划实行得很不成功。
9. 锻炼，训练
He works out with the team three times weekly. 他一星期3次和全队一起训练。
10. 在工作中度过(时间)
11. (以工作)抵偿(债务)
12. 在外当雇工
work out at (或to) 总共达
The cost works out at ￡6 a night. 费用达每夜6英磅。
The total area works out to 25,000 square miles. 整个地区面积达25000平方英里。
work over 1. 充分研究，彻底检查
For my term paper I worked over 30 volumes of Roman history. 我为写学期论文仔细查阅了30卷罗马史。
Shelf stock would get thoroughly worked over by shoppers. 货架上的货物在卖出去时会受到顾客的彻底检查。
2. 〈主美〉重做，重干
I shall have to work the report over if it's not satisfactory. 如果报告不符合要求，我将得重写。
3. 〈口〉殴打；伤害
The gang worked him over. 这帮歹徒把他毒打了一顿。
4. 彻底改变
The frontier has worked him over inside. 边疆生活使他内心起了很大变化。
5. 彻底(或系统)地轰击
Our bombers worked over the enemy advance positions. 我方轰炸机炸遍敌人的各前沿阵地。
work round (风)转变方向
work round to 1. 逐渐达到，一步一步处理
Don't hurry me, I shall work round to finishing the letters all in good time. 别催我，我将慢慢地把这些信件都及时写好。
2. 打算讲；(使)逐渐讲到
What is she working round to? 她到底要想说什么?
work the conversation round to where one wants it 把谈话逐步引到本人意欲讨论的问题上来
3. 转变观点而同意(另一观点)
I think the chairman is working round to our point of view after all. 我想会议主席终于要转而接受我们的观点了。
work to 1. 边听…边工作
Do you like working to music? 你喜欢边听音乐边工作吗?
2. 根据…行事
work to a plan 按计划工作
See that you are careful with money and work to a budget. 务必不要乱花钱，开支要有个预算。
work toward(s) 努力达到；设法获得
They are working towards having all countries sign a peace agreement. 他们正在努力促成所有国家签订一项和平协议。
work towards a solution 设法得到解决
work up 1. (使)逐渐向上，(使)慢慢上升
2. 逐步建立，逐步发展
He worked up the firm from nothing. 他白手起家建立了这家公司。
His law practice is beginning to work up at last. 他的律师事务所终于开始兴旺了。
3. 制订出；精心作出
work up a plan 制订计划
work up a scandal 编造丑闻
4. 激发，激起；使激动
work up an appetite 激起食欲
work up one's anger 发脾气
work oneself up 激动起来
Why get so worked up? 为什么如此激动?
5. 使成为可用；使完满
work up one's notes ready for the test 整理笔记复习迎考
work up one's languages 提高语言水平
6. 熟知，掌握
It takes experience to work up a knowledge of sailing. 掌握航海知识要靠实际经验。
7. 提高效率，增强效能
The fleet has been gradually working up. 船队逐渐加快了航速。
8. 逐步增强，逐步加剧
Support from other regions has been working up recently. 来自其他地区的支持近来日益增强。
The thunderstorm began to work up. 雷雨开始加剧。
9. 〈俚〉通过激烈活动出(一身汗)
work up a sweat in the gymnasium 在健身房里练出一身汗
10. 检查(病人)
The interns spend many hours working up new hospital patients.实习医生花很多时间为新住院病人作检查。
11. (为惩罚目的)使(船员)干不必要干的活
12. 【印】(空铅等)升到印刷面上
work up into 1. 激发得；使激动得
The speaker can easily work any crowd up into a fever of excitement. 演讲人能轻而易举地讲得人群兴奋若狂。
2. 把…发展为
Can you work up your notes into an article for our magazine? 你能把笔记整理成一篇文章给我们杂志吗?
3. 把…制作成
His skilled hands soon worked the clay up into a pot. 他那双巧手很快用黏土制了一把壶。
work upon 对…起作用；影响
The appeal wrought powerfully upon him. 这一呼吁对他起了强烈的作用。
work up to 1. 逐步发展到，逐渐达到
Soon the engine was working up to its top speed. 发动机很快就开足了马力。
2. 逐步升职至
work up to the position of vice-governor 逐步升到副总督的地位
3. 打算讲，逐渐讲到
The speaker took far too long working up to his main point.演讲者讲了好久才讲到主题。
4. 激发得；使激动得
work sb. up to a fever of excitement 挑逗得某人兴奋若狂 |