| 释义 |
sub·sti·tute /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt; -tuːt/ n. | vt. | vi. | a.
I n.
1. 代替者，替换者；替补队员；代人应征入伍者
He is the doctor's substitute during holiday times. 他是休假期间的代班医生。
When a member of the team is injured, a substitute plays in his place. 球队若有球员受伤，替补队员就代他上场。
2. 代替物，代用品
a milk substitute 代乳品
Rumour became a substitute for news. 谣言代替了新闻。
Guesswork is no substitute for investigation. 主观臆断不能代替调查研究。
find substitutes for wood and rubber 找到木材和橡胶的代用品
3. 【语】替代(形式)；代用词；代用语(如 He doesn't know but I do 句中的 do)
4. 【海】(用于重复桅杆信号旗信号的)代用小信号旗，代用旗
5. 〈苏格兰〉【律】副职
a sheriff substitute 副行政司法长官
6. 【矿】转接器
II ❶ vt.
1. 用…代替，代以
substitute honey for sugar 用蜂蜜代替食糖
Cattle dung was substituted as a fuel when no wood was available. 弄不到木材时就拿牛粪作为代用燃料。
They don't like rice, so we substituted bread. 他们不喜欢米饭，所以我们就换上了面包。
2. 派…接替，由…替代
3. 〈罕〉代替，替代
4. 【化】使取代
substitute sulphur for oxygen in a molecule 用硫置换分子中的氧
❷ vi.
1. 代替，代用
Can rayon substitute for silk? 人造丝能够代替蚕丝吗?
2. 接替，替代
If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to substitute for you. 要是你自己不能去，请找个人代你去。
He substituted for the teacher who was ill. 他给生病的教师代课。
She was dancing while someone substituted at the piano. 她在跳舞，别人代她弹钢琴。
3. 【化】取代
III a.
1. 代替的，代用的；替补的
substitute and regular teachers 代课教师和正式教师
a substitute sweetener 代用(或人造)甜味剂
a substitute goalkeeper 替补守门员
2. 由代用品构成的；用代用品的
substitute feeding of infants 婴儿的人工喂养
[< L substitūtus < substituere < SUB- + statuere to establish < stāre to stand] |