| 单词 | be |
| 释义 | be v =>Usage at be2 用法见be2. 1 (used after there and before a/an, no, some, etc+ n 用於there之後及a/an、no、some等+名词之前) (a) exist; occur; live 有; 存在; 生存 Is there a God? 有上帝吗? For there to be life there must be air and water. 一定要有空气和水才有生命. There are no easy answers. 现成的答案是没有的. There are many such people. 这样的人多的是. Once upon a time there was a princess. 从前有一个公主. There have been cows in that field since my grandfather´s time. 从我祖父那时候起, 那片地上就养著牛. (b) be present; stand 在; 在场 There´s a bus-stop down the road 路的前方有一个公共汽车站. (Cf 参看 The bus-stop is down the road.) There were no books on the shelf. 书架上没有书. There are some good photographs in this exhibition. 这一展览会上有些好照片. 2 (with an adv or a prepositional phrase indicating position in space or time 与表示地点或时间的副词或介词短语连用) (a) be situated 位於; 处於 The lamp is on the table. 灯在桌子上. The stable is a mile away. 马房距此一英里远. Mary´s upstairs. 玛丽在楼上. John´s out in the garden. 约翰在外面花园里. They are on holiday in the Lake District. 他们在英格兰湖区度假. (b) happen; occur; take place 发生; 产生; 举行 The party is after work. 聚会在下班後举行. The election was on Monday. 选举是在星期一进行的. The concert will be in the school hall. 音乐会将在学校的礼堂内举行. The meetings are on Tuesdays and Thursdays in the main hall. 会议在星期二和星期四於大礼堂举行. (c) remain 停留; 逗留; 待 She has been in her room for hours. 她在自己的房间里待了几个小时. They´re here till Christmas. 他们在这里要一直逗留到圣诞节. (d) attend; be present 出席; 到场 Were you at church yesterday? 昨天你去过教堂吗? I´ll be at the party. 我参加这个聚会. 3 (with an adv or a prepositional phrase indicating direction, a starting point, etc 与副词或介词短语连用表示方向、起点等) leave; arrive 离开; 到达 I´ll be on my way very soon. 我很快就要上路. She´s from Italy, ie Her native country is Italy. 她是意大利人. be aux v =>Usage 见所附用法 1 (used with a past participle to form the passive 与过去分词连用构成被动语态) He was killed in the war. 他阵亡了. Where were they made? 这些东西是在哪里制造的? The thief was caught. 窃贼被捉住了. The house is/was being built. 那房屋正在[那时正在]建造. You will be severely punished if you do not obey. 你不服从, 就会受到严惩. 2 (used with present participles to form continuous tenses 与现在分词连用构成进行时态) They are/were reading. 他们正在[那时正在]阅读. I am studying Chinese. 我正在学习汉语. I shall be seeing him soon. 我不久就会见到他了. What have you been doing this week? 你这星期以来在干什麽? I´m always being criticized. 我总是挨批. 3 (with to + infinitive 与to+不定式连用) (a) (expressing duty, necessity, etc 表示责任、需要等) I am to (ie I have been told to) inform you that... 我有义务（我受人之托）通知你... You are to report (ie must, should report) to the police. 你应该报警. (b) (expressing arrangement, intention or purpose 表示安排、意向或目的) They are to be married, ie will be married. 他们打算结婚. Each participant was to pay his own expenses. 每个参加者都必须自费. The telegram was to say that she´d be late. 电报说她可能晚到. (c) (expressing possibility 表示可能性) The book was not to be (ie could not be) found. 那本书找不到了. (d) (expressing destiny 表示注定) He was never to see his wife again, ie Although he did not know it at the time, he did not see her again. 他从那以後就再也见不到他的妻子了. The celebrations were not to be, ie They did not, in fact, take place. 庆祝活动结果未能举行. (e) (only in the form were, expressing supposition 仅用were这一形式, 表示假设) If I were to tell you/Were I to tell you that I killed him, would you believe me? 假如我对你说是我杀死了他, 你相信吗? If it were to rain, we would have to cancel the match tomorrow. 假如下雨, 我们只好取消明天的比赛. be, NOTE ON USAGE 用法 Be is used as a main verb (be1) and as an auxiliary verb (be2). *be可用作主要动词 (be1), (be2). The various written and spoken forms are the same for both verbs 两者的各种书面语和口语形式均相同 am (pres t with I), strong form; written contraction I´m; negative question aren´t I?. *am （现在时态与 I, 强读式; 书写缩约式 I´m; 否定疑问式 aren´t I?. is (pres t with he, she, it), strong form; written contractions it´s, Jack´s, he´s, she´s, the cow´s; negative isn´t. is（现在时态与hesheit连用）, 强读式; 书写缩约式it´s, Jack´s, he´s,she´s, the cow´s; 否定式 isn´t. are (pres t with you, we, they) , strong form; written contractions we´re, you´re, they´re; negative aren´t. are（现在时态与youwethey连用） , 强读式; 书写缩约式 we´re, you´re, they´re; 否定式 aren´t. was (pt with I, he, she, it), strong form; negative wasn´t. was （过去时态与Ihesheit连用）, 强读式; 否定式 wasn´t. were (pt with you, we, they), strong form/w\:(r); w[/; negative weren´t. were （过去时态与 you we they连用）, 强读式; 否定式 weren´t. being (pres p). being. been (pp). been（过去分词）. |
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