| 单词 | 鹫鸟 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 鹫鸟 —vultureSee also:鹫—vulture • condor • black eagle • cruel 鸟 n—birds pl • hummingbird n
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在春天候鸟迁徙的季节，还有苍鹭和 鹫鸟。 visitfinland.com | Herring, perch and pike swim in the waters. visitfinland.com |
通常犯人的尸体会被留在木桩 上，任其腐烂或被秃鹫等食肉鸟食之。 centerformissions.com | Usually bodies were left to rot or to be eaten by scavengers. centerformissions.com |
这次事件和报告中详述的其他举措促使独立专家决定把本报 告的重点确定为秃鹫基金。 daccess-ods.un.org | This event and other initiatives detailed in this report informed the decision of the independent expert to focus the [...] present report on vulture funds. daccess-ods.un.org |
简言之，秃鹫基金 侵蚀了贫困国家从债务减免中获得的收益，损害 了这些国家人权义务的实现。 daccess-ods.un.org | In short, vulture funds erode the [...] gains from debt relief for poor countries and jeopardize the fulfilment of these countries’ human rights obligations. daccess-ods.un.org |
53 因此，独立专家呼吁所有国家――无论是债权人还是债务人――即刻考虑立法，以 便在其各自辖域内将秃鹫基金 牟取暴利的行为确定为非法。 daccess-ods.un.org | 53 The independent expert therefore calls upon all countries — creditor and debtor alike — [...] to urgently consider enacting legislation [...] that would make vulture fund profiteering [...]illegal within their respective jurisdictions. daccess-ods.un.org |
开展了为青年提供工作机会的旅游活动，诸如 徒步旅行导游和当地特种鸟观看活动，这些活动有可能被私营部门的旅游计划所接受。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Tourism activities to provide work for young people include development of hiking trails and local birdwatching groups, which are likely to be accepted in the tourism programme of the private sector. unesdoc.unesco.org |
从人权角度来讲，由负有不可持续债务水平的贫穷国家向 秃 鹫 基 金支付过 高赔款会对这些国家的政府履行其人权义务的能力造成直接的不利影响，特别是 [...] 经济、社会和文化权利方面，如享有饮水和环境卫生、粮食、保健、适足住房和 教育的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | From a human rights perspective, the [...] settlement of excessive vulture fund claims by [...]poor countries with unsustainable debt levels [...]has a direct negative effect on the capacity of the Governments of these countries to fulfil their human rights obligations, especially with regard to economic, social and cultural rights, such as the rights to water and sanitation, food, health, adequate housing and education. daccess-ods.un.org |
本法的有效期为生效 [...] 之日起一年(当然也可续期或者定为长期法律)，其目的是限制 秃 鹫 基 金 利用联合 王国法院追偿重债穷国所欠债务的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Act, which has a duration of one year from the date of commencement (although it may be extended for a further period [...] or made permanent), is designed to limit [...] the ability of vulture funds to use courts [...]in the United Kingdom to recover debts owed by HIPCs. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于以往诉讼的高成功率可能会招致更多针对重债 穷国的诉讼，亟需采取更具体的、可依法强制执行的措施遏制掠夺性的 秃 鹫 基金 活动和保护国际债务减免努力的惠益。 daccess-ods.un.org | Given that the success rate of past litigation may generate more lawsuits against HIPCs, more concrete, legally enforceable measures are urgently required to curb predatory creditor activity and preserve the gains from international debt relief efforts. daccess-ods.un.org |
研究人员、行业专家和政府机构确认，可再生能源技术最常见的环境影响 能包括：海流速度减缓，利用海浪能或潮汐能使海浪高度降低；建造活动以及海 [...] 洋可再生能源设备的持续存在导致海底生境改变、沉积物迁移或沉积；噪声和电 [...] 磁场导致鱼类和哺乳动物死亡或行为发生变化；鱼类、哺乳动物 和 鸟 类 的行动、 摄食、产卵和迁移路线受干扰，使其可能受伤、被缠绕或可能受引诱或离开水面； [...]意外溢出和泄漏导致有毒化学品释放，或者金属或有机化合物积累。 daccess-ods.un.org | Researchers, industry experts and government agencies recognize that the most common environmental impacts of renewable energy technologies may include reduction of the velocity of marine currents and decrease in the heights of waves resulting from extraction of wave or tidal energy; alteration of benthic habitats and sediment transport or deposition by the construction activities and the continuous presence of marine renewable energy devices; killings or change in the behaviour of fish and mammals from noise and electromagnetic fields; interference with the movement, [...] feeding, spawning and migration paths [...] of fish, mammals and birds, which may get hurt [...]or entangled or may be attracted or hauled [...]out; and release of toxic chemicals as a result of accidental spills and leaks or the accumulation of metals or organic compounds. daccess-ods.un.org |
还存在降低债务可收回性和减少秃鹫 基 金裁决的强大的公众利益理由，即 本法有助于促进债权人之间的公平和重债穷国的发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | There are also compelling public interest grounds [...] for reducing the recoverability of debts [...] and judgements by vulture funds, namely, [...]that the Act promotes fairness among creditors [...]and that it promotes the development of HIPCs. daccess-ods.un.org |
也与那些在这个充满灾难时代仍然经常与巴勒斯坦人合作的人们举行了重要会谈，参 加会谈的组织有：佩雷斯和平中心（特拉维夫）；犹太人和阿拉伯人和平中心（Givat Haviva），该中心是 2001 [...] 年教科文组织和平教育奖的得主；哈大沙医学中心的儿科病房学 校（耶路撒冷），该学校为以色列的犹太人及阿拉伯人和巴勒斯坦的孩子提供医疗和住院期 [...] 间的学习；耶路撒冷以色列研究学院，该学院与也设在耶路撒冷的巴勒斯坦和平和合作中心 （IPCC）建立了姊妹学校的关系；鸟类 迁 移研究国际中心（莱特龙）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | As for those cooperating regularly with Palestinians in spite of the inauspicious times, key meetings were held with: the Peres Center for Peace (Tel Aviv); the Jewish-Arab Centre for Peace (Givat Haviva), winner of the 2001 UNESCO Prize for Peace Education; the School of Pediatric Wards at the Hadassah Medical Center (Jerusalem) which provides medical and inhospital schooling to Israeli Jews and Arabs, as well as to Palestinian children; the Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies, twinned with the Palestinian International Peace and [...] Cooperation Centre (IPCC), also based in Jerusalem; and the International Centre [...] for the Study of Bird Migration (Latrun). unesdoc.unesco.org |
该设施是一个独立的实体，为面临秃 鹫 基 金提出的法律诉讼的国家提 供援助，以及就贷款谈判和协议提供技术援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was noted that the Facility is an independent entity which [...] provided assistance to States confronted [...] with lawsuits by vulture funds, as well [...]as technical assistance on loan negotiations and agreements. daccess-ods.un.org |
正是国家规章的缺乏为金融危机中 [...] 显示出的各种滥用行为提供了便利。72 各政府在世界金融和经济危机及其对发 展的影响会议的成果中承认，引起这场危机的原因是“监管失误，再加上过度依 [...] 赖市场的自我调节，总体缺乏透明度和财务健全性，加上行为不负责任……”73 秃鹫基金是这个存在缺陷的国际金融体系的一部分。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is precisely the lack of State regulation that facilitated the abuses that manifested themselves in the financial crisis.72 In the Outcome of the Conference on the World Financial and Economic Crisis and Its Impact on Development, Governments recognized that the crisis was caused by “regulatory failures, compounded by over-reliance on market self-regulation, overall lack of transparency, [...] financial integrity and irresponsible [...] behaviour …”.73 Vulture funds are part of [...]this flawed international financial system. daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金 还会阻碍重债穷国为恢复 他们与国际银行业的正常金融关系所做的努力。 daccess-ods.un.org | They may also hamper efforts by HIPCs to normalize their financial relationships with the international banking community. daccess-ods.un.org |
与贸易协会的观点相反，旨在保护债务减免收益免遭 秃 鹫 ― ― 基金掠夺性活 动侵蚀的法律不会削弱二级债务市场。 daccess-ods.un.org | Contrary to the claims of the EMTA, legislation designed [...] to protect debt relief gains from the predatory [...] activities of vulture funds would not [...]curtail the secondary debt market. daccess-ods.un.org |
南 部金枪鱼养护委通过了一项内容广泛的建议，以减轻捕捞南部蓝鳍金枪鱼对生态 [...] 相关物种的影响，包括建议实施保护 海 鸟 和 鲨鱼的国际行动计划和《粮农组织关 [...] 于在捕鱼作业中减少海龟死亡率的准则》，收集和报告数据，并遵守印度洋金枪 鱼委和中西太平洋渔委具有约束力的和建议的保护措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | CCSBT had adopted a wide-ranging recommendation to mitigate the impact of fishing for southern bluefin tuna on ecologically related species, including [...] recommendations to implement the international plans [...] of action for seabirds and sharks and [...]the FAO Guidelines to Reduce Sea Turtle [...]Mortality in Fishing Operations, collect and report data, and comply with the IOTC and WCPFC binding and recommended conservation measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
他特别称赞联合王国通过法律保护贫穷国家免遭 秃 鹫 基 金 诉讼 的侵害和保障来自国际债务减免努力的收益。 daccess-ods.un.org | In particular, he commends the United Kingdom [...] for passing legislation to protect poor [...] countries against vulture fund lawsuits [...]and to safeguard the gains from international debt relief efforts. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，联合国收到来自民间社会团体、国家机关和安全部队以及美国驻伊拉克部队 [...] 的一致报告，伊拉克基地组织运营着一个 14 岁以下儿童的青年部，称为“天堂 之鸟”(也 称之为“天堂男童”或“天堂青年”)，对军事、政府和平民目标发动 [...]自杀式袭击。 daccess-ods.un.org | There have been consistent reports received in 2010 by the United Nations from civil society groups, national authorities and security forces, as well as the United States Forces in Iraq (USF-I), that Al-Qaida in Iraq [...] operates a youth wing for children under [...] the age of 14 called “Birds of Paradise” (also referred [...]to as “Paradise Boys” or “Youth [...]of Heaven”) to carry out suicide attacks against military, government and civilian targets. daccess-ods.un.org |
在这个时候，出现了两个新种族：Skeksis， 秃 鹫 般 的 暴君使用的“黑暗水晶”的力量不断地补充自己，驼背的自然精灵称为神秘主义者。 zh-cn.seekcartoon.com | At this time, two new races [...] appeared: the Skeksis, vulture-like tyrants using [...]the power of the “Dark Crystal” to continually [...]replenish themselves, and hunchbacked natural wizards called Mystics. seekcartoon.com |
秃鹫基金的行为不仅减少了来自债务减免的收益，还使债务减免进程变得更 加复杂，并损害到其他债权人，方法是通过强迫债务国以牺牲可能参与了债务重 组的负责任的债权人的利益为代价给予 秃 鹫 基 金 优惠待遇。 daccess-ods.un.org | Vulture fund activity not only dilutes the gains from debt relief, it also complicates the debt relief process and undermines other creditors by forcing debtor countries to grant vulture funds preferential treatment at the expense of responsible creditors who may be involved in [...] debt [...]restructuring with the debtor countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然有迹象表明，基金组织目前正在探索将来如 何帮助面临秃鹫基金 索赔的国家，但是现阶段还不清楚这种帮助可能产生何种效 [...] 果，将来是否足以适当地处理这些问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although there are indications that IMF is currently examining [...] ways to provide help in the future to [...] countries faced with vulture fund claims, at [...]this stage it is unclear what this help [...]might entail and whether it will be sufficient to adequately deal with such problems in the future. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据独立专家的估计，贸易协会呈文和 秃 鹫 基 金 的其他拥护者提出的类似关 切看似建立在一种错误的假定上：商场拥有高效的自我纠正机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the estimation of the independent expert, the [...] EMTA submission and similar concerns by other [...] proponents of vulture funds appear [...]to be based on the erroneous assumption that [...]markets have efficient, self-correcting mechanisms. daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金 诉讼阻碍了重债穷国利用债务减免释放的资源促进自身发展和执行 [...] 减贫方案，进而减损了这些国家创造实现其人民人权所需条件的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | Vulture fund litigation prevents [...] heavily indebted poor countries from using resources freed up by debt relief for their [...]development and poverty reduction programmes, and therefore diminishes the capacity of these countries to create the conditions necessary for the realization of human rights for their people. daccess-ods.un.org |
通过采取诉讼和其他手段迫使重债穷国挪用从债务取消中节省出来的财政 资源，秃鹫基金 减少了这些国家从债务减免中获得的有益影响或潜在收益，从而 [...] 削弱了国际商定的债务减免措施的核心目的。 daccess-ods.un.org | By forcing HIPCs, through litigation and other means, to [...] divert financial resources saved from [...] debt cancellation, vulture funds diminish [...]the impact of, or dilute the potential gains [...]from, debt relief for these countries, thereby undermining the core objectives of internationally agreed debt relief measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
申明从人权角度看，与极端的“秃鹫 基 金 ”结算对各国政府履行人权 义务，特别是经济、社会、文化权利方面的义务产生了直接的负面影响 daccess-ods.un.org | Affirms that, from a human rights perspective, the [...] settlement of excessive vulture funds has a direct [...]negative effect on the capacity of Governments [...]to fulfil their human rights obligations, especially with regard to economic, social and cultural rights daccess-ods.un.org |
秃鹫基金”一词用于描述私人商业实体通过购买、转让或其他交易形式， 获得违约或不良债务，有时是实际的法庭裁决，以期获得高回报。 daccess-ods.un.org | The term “vulture funds” is used to [...] describe private commercial entities that acquire, either by purchase, assignment or [...]some other form of transaction, defaulted or distressed debts, and sometimes actual court judgements, with the aim of achieving a high return. daccess-ods.un.org |
值得注意的是，贸易协会成员中有一些是 秃 鹫 基 金 (如 Elliott Associates、 Debt Advisory International 和 Greylock Capital) 和律师事务所，如 Allen & Overy( 它在 Donegal International 诉赞比亚案中是前者的代理人) 和 Dechert LLP(它在 Hamsah Investments 和 Wall Capital 诉利比里亚案中是这两个秃鹫基金 的代理人)。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is noteworthy that EMTA includes [...] among its members a number of vulture funds (such as Elliott Associates, Debt Advisory International and Greylock Capital), as well as law firms such as Allen & Overy (which represented Donegal International in its lawsuit against Zambia) and Dechert LLP (which represented the two vulture funds, Hamsah Investments and Wall [...]Capital, in [...]their lawsuit against Liberia). daccess-ods.un.org |
本报告旨在实现三大目标：(a) 吸引全球关注“秃鹫基 金 ”活动对以下方面的不利影响：国际债务减免努力和从债务减免中受益的负债 [...] 穷国创造实现人权及其发展目标所需条件的能力；(b) 检查旨在打击这些投机性 投资者的措施和提案；和(c) 提出有关这些举措的建议。 daccess-ods.un.org | The present report is intended to achieve three objectives: [...] (a) to draw global attention to the [...] negative impacts of “vulture fund” activities [...]on international debt relief efforts and [...]on the capacity of indebted poor countries that have benefitted from debt relief to create the necessary conditions for the realization of human rights and attainment of their development goals; (b) to examine the measures and proposals designed to combat these speculative investors; and (c) to make recommendations concerning these initiatives. daccess-ods.un.org |
联合王国政府在其有关秃鹫基金立法的磋商文件中承认，利比里亚的回购计 划是成功的，但同时警告说“未参加的债权人仍然持有对利比里亚的债权――占 [...] 减债机制回购计划成本的 85%”。70 此外，世界银行和基金组织一再强调尽管 重债穷国倡议帮助重债穷国国家减少了外债负担，仍然存在一些挑战，它们包括 [...] 确保重债穷国能够从包括私人债权人在内的所有债权人处获得完全的债务减免。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its consultation paper on vulture fund legislation, [...] the Government of the United Kingdom acknowledges the successful [...]Liberian buy-back operation but cautions that “the non-participating creditors continue to hold claims against Liberia worth 85% of the cost of the Debt Reduction Facility buybacks”.70 Further, the World Bank and IMF have repeatedly emphasized that while the HIPC Initiative has helped reduce the external debt burdens of HIPCs, a number of challenges remain, including ensuring that HIPCs get full debt relief from all creditors, including private creditors.71 This underscores the pressing need for legislative measures to combat predatory creditor activity. daccess-ods.un.org |
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