| 单词 | 马六甲 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 马六甲 —Malacca or Melaka (town and state in Malaysia), also strait |
北京亦将该国视作潜在的能源来源 和转运路径，以备马六甲海峡 海运路径受阻的不时 之需。 crisisgroup.org | Beijing also views the country as a [...] potential source of and trans-shipment route for energy in the case of interruption of [...] shipping through the Malacca Strait. crisisgroup.org |
英国对缅甸进行殖民统治时就认为，若开邦对于保卫 [...] 印度东部地区而言至关重要，而 Tanantharyi 对于保护马六甲海 峡入口而言非常关键。 crisisgroup.org | Britain, as colonial power, regarded Rakhine [...] as critical to safeguarding eastern India, while the Tanantharyi was vital to [...] protecting entry into the Malacca Strait. crisisgroup.org |
经马 六甲海峡 的大多数能源和原料运输船只都取道南海 前往中国和日本等国。 crisisgroup.org | The majority of energy shipments and raw materials that [...] pass through the Malacca Straits continue [...]on through the South China Sea to countries such as China and Japan. crisisgroup.org |
日本海岸警卫队 为与马六甲海峡接壤的各国当局提供能力建设服务并举办培训研讨会。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Japanese Coast Guard provided capacitybuilding services and training seminars to authorities from States that border the Strait of Malacca. daccess-ods.un.org |
这包括：兴建中的若开邦首府实兑附近 的印度洋海域深海港口以及平行公路、高速铁路、 石油管道和天然气管道，这将建起一个缅甸通往中 国西南部内陆省份的能源和贸易走廊；加叻丹多式 运输项目（Kaladan multi-modal project）将在印度 洋和印度东部沿海地区之间、印度洋和印度东北部 内陆地区之间建起一条交通走廊；以及达维发展项 目（Dawei [...] Development Project），按照计划，该项 目将在缅甸南部修建一个大型工业区和一个现代化 深海港，以及连通泰国并进一步通至越南的公路和 [...] 铁路，这样可以从陆路将货物运送至泰国和越南， 比起经马六甲海峡 的海路运输要少花好几天时间。 crisisgroup.org | These include: a deep-sea port being constructed on the Indian Ocean near the Rakhine State capital of Sittwe, and parallel road, high-speed rail, and oil and natural gas pipelines that will create an energy and trade corridor to China’s landlocked south west; the Kaladan multi-modal project that will create a transportation corridor between the Indian Ocean and India’s eastern seaboard and its landlocked north east; and the Dawei Development Project which, if completed according to plan, would include a large industrial estate and modern deep-sea port in the south, with road and rail links for [...] transhipment of goods to Thailand and on to Vietnam, cutting several days off the sea [...] route through the Straits of Malacca. crisisgroup.org |
胡锦涛于 2003 年的中央经济工作会议上首次提到“马 六甲难题”。 crisisgroup.org | Hu Jintao first [...] mentioned the term “Malacca dilemma” in the [...]Central Economic Work Conference in 2003. crisisgroup.org |
2007 年期间：（a）世界卫生日讲习班，4 月 7 日，路易港；（b）5 月 16 日在路易 港举行的国际家庭日活动；（c）参加了 6 月在马来西亚马六甲举行的马六甲国际 青年对话；（d）世界人口日座谈会，7 月 11 日，毛里求斯路易港；（e）国际宽容 日会谈，11 月 20 日，毛里求斯路易港。 daccess-ods.un.org | During 2007: (a) workshop on World Health Day, 7 April in Port Louis; (b) International Family Day held in Port Louis on 16 May; (c) participated in the Melaka International Youth Dialogue in June in Melacca, Malaysia; (d) symposium on World Population Day, 11 July in Port Louis, Mauritius; (e) talk on International Day of Tolerance, 20 November in Port Louis, Mauritius. daccess-ods.un.org |
印度尼西亚和沿岸国合作，继续努力消 除马 六甲海峡 和新加坡海峡这一令人关切的现象。 daccess-ods.un.org | Indonesia and littoral States cooperate in continuing to work on that concern in [...] the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. daccess-ods.un.org |
约 90%的全球贸易是通过海运实现的， 而其中约有半数是通过马六甲海峡 和新加坡海峡实 现的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Roughly 90 per cent of global trade is carried by sea, and about half of that passes through [...] the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于马六甲难题的更多信息，见危机组织报告，《中 国的缅甸困境》，引用如前，第 [...] 19 页。 crisisgroup.org | For more [...] info on the Malacca dilemma, see [...]Crisis Group Report, China’s Myanmar Dilemma, op. cit. crisisgroup.org |
通过由马六甲海峡和新加坡海峡三个周边国家设立的合作 机制(包括合作论坛、项目协调委员会和航行基金援助)，在海峡展开了各种活动， [...] 以加强安全、安保和环境保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | Through the Cooperative Mechanism, which was [...] established by the three States [...] bordering the Straits of Malacca and Singapore and [...]comprised of a Cooperation Forum, a Project [...]Coordination Committee and an Aids to Navigation Fund, various activities to enhance safety, security and environmental protection in the Straits have been undertaken. daccess-ods.un.org |
假期最后一天，大家从马六甲海峡 乘船来到荷兰红屋（Stadthuys，荷兰历史遗迹）和高塔(High [...] Tower)，从高塔上可以一览整个小镇的风光。 rolandberger.com.cn | On their final day, the travelers [...] went boating on Malacca Strait to Stadthuys [...](a Dutch heritage site) and High Tower to [...]get a bird's-eye view of the whole town. rolandberger.com.cn |
80 为进一步探索海洋可再生能源技术，海委会西太平洋 组委员会 2012 年 2 月 16 日至 18 日在马来西亚马六甲举办 了关于西太平洋海 可再生能源技术发展现状的研讨会。 daccess-ods.un.org | In September 2011, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), the Development Bank of Latin America, and the Governments of Canada and the United Kingdom co-organized the First Latin American Regional Conference on Marine Energy at ECLAC headquarters in Santiago. daccess-ods.un.org |
据中国的分析人士 称，对马六甲海峡的过度依赖存在两大威胁：本地 区海盗和海上恐怖主义；美国等大国试图通过与印 度和日本开展海军联合演习以及通过“集装箱安全 倡议”、“防扩散安全倡议”、“地区性海上安全 倡议”等方案，获取马六甲海峡 的主导地位199 。 crisisgroup.org | According to Chinese analysts, an overreliance on the strait poses two threats: piracy and maritime terrorism in the region and the attempts of powerful states, notably the U.S., to dominate the strait through joint naval exercises with India and Japan and through such programs as the Container Security Initiative, the Proliferation Security Initiative and the Regional Maritime Security Initiative.199 crisisgroup.org |
中国近 80%的进口原油需要通过马六甲海峡 运输。 crisisgroup.org | Nearly 80 per cent of China’s imported oil must [...] pass through the Straits of Malacca. crisisgroup.org |
刘华清上将在 20 世纪 80 年代曾任中国人民解放军海 军司令，他当时主张到 2000 年时中国应具备控制第一岛 [...] 链的能力，第一岛链一直延伸到菲律宾和印尼群岛，并 最终抵达新加坡和马六甲海峡。 crisisgroup.org | Admiral Liu Huaqing, PLAN commander in the 1980s, advocated that by 2000 China should be able to exert control over the first island chain [...] extending out to the Philippines and Indonesian archipelagoes, and eventually out to [...] Singapore and the Malacca Straits. crisisgroup.org |
尽 管该管道并不向中国输送缅甸原油，不过，它可使 中国避开马六甲海峡 ，从中东和非洲运送石油。 crisisgroup.org | An Indian analyst and government adviser at the Institute for Defence Studies in New Delhi has said that a permanent Chinese naval presence in the Indian Ocean would be a “red line” for India. crisisgroup.org |
危机组织采访，北京，2012 年 1 月；“由于南海可能 [...] 具有丰富的石化能源和天然气储藏，并且横跨 从 马六甲 海峡到印度洋的主要航道，胡似乎有其倾向于发展南海 [...]舰队”。 crisisgroup.org | Crisis Group interview, Beijing, January 2012; “Because the South China Sea has potentially rich deposits of fossil fuels and natural [...] gas and straddles major sea-lanes through [...] the Strait of Malacca into the Indian [...]Ocean, Hu seems to favour particularly the [...]development of the South Sea Fleet”. crisisgroup.org |
缅 甸油气管道工程的支持者们称，这条管道将使中国 对马 六甲海峡的石油运输依赖减少至少三分之一，并将使中 国内陆的炼油厂能更容易地获得原油。 crisisgroup.org | Proponents of the Myanmar pipeline argue that it will reduce China’s reliance on the straits for oil transportation by at least one third, and provide easier access to crude oil for China’s inland refineries. crisisgroup.org |
又见林锡星，《必须跳出马六甲游戏圈， 中国新石油通道的两难选择》，《中国新闻周刊》， [...] 2004 年 8 月 9 日。 crisisgroup.org | Jumping out of the Malacca game, the dilemma [...] of China’s new oil passage”], 中国新闻周刊 [China News Weekly], 9 August 2004. crisisgroup.org |
我们也是马六甲 海峡和新加坡海峡的三个沿岸国之一。 daccess-ods.un.org | We are also one of the three littoral States of [...] the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. daccess-ods.un.org |
中国渴望扩大在印度洋的战略驻军、保护备受 “马 六甲困境”威胁的海上交通线。 crisisgroup.org | The “Malacca dilemma” and the Indian Ocean Equally important to China is its desire to expand its [...] strategic presence into the Indian Ocean and protect its sea lines of [...] communication threatened by the “Malacca dilemma”. crisisgroup.org |
2012年5月，全球新车碰撞测试（NCAP）在于马来西 亚 马六甲 召 开的消费者安全组织年会中，为博世颁发了2012国际道路安全奖，以表彰博世开发和推出的电子稳定程序ESP®为道路安全带来的卓越贡献。 bosch.com.cn | Another distinction for Bosch: the automotive supplier has received the Global NCAP Award 2012 for developing and launching the ESP® Electronic Stability Program. bosch.com.cn |
同时也建立了相应的机构，例 如 (i) 康提的文化遗产办公室和信息中心，(ii) （2003 年）在马来西亚的马六甲建 立的讲解中心。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Appropriate facilities were also established, for example: (i) a heritage office and information centre in Kandy, and (ii) an interpretive centre (in 2003) in Melaka, Malaysia unesdoc.unesco.org |
2011年，共有四所卓越领域中心响应了号召，分别为马来西 亚 马六甲 技 术 大学(UTeM)，Infineon连同马来西亚玻璃市大学(UniMap)合作开发电气与电子工程领域，而在汽车领域中则有马来西亚彭亨大学(UMP)以及Sapura联合马来西亚彭亨大学的合作方案。 systematic.edu.my | In 2011, four (4) ICoE were launched in the fields of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Technical University Infineon Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) and Infineon with Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMap); while in the field of Automotive was with Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) and Sapura with Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). systematic.edu.my |
例如：(i) 尼泊尔巴克塔普尔实施了开发和保护古迹遗址核心地区的政策和准 则；(ii) [...] 越南会安颁布了市政条例，以强制开展在旅游项目范围内拟定的活动并 [...] 将噪音大的商业单位迁出古迹遗址核心地区；(iii) 马来西亚的马六甲修订 了 1976 年的《城镇与乡村规划法》，授权市政当局加大对破坏遗迹行为的罚款力度； [...] (iv) 菲律宾的维甘颁布了减轻污染（噪音、空气和视觉）、改善卫生条件和废物 处理等方面的条例。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Included here are: (i) conservation policies and guidelines for the development and conservation of the historic core have been implemented in Bhakatapur, Nepal; (ii) municipal ordinances were enacted to enforce implementation of activities formulated within the context of the tourism project, and the relocation of noisy business establishments [...] outside the historic core area in Hoi An, [...] Viet Nam; (iii) appropriate amendments made [...]to the 1976 Town and Country Planning [...]Act have empowered the municipality to impose an increased fine for offences involving demolition of heritage buildings in Melaka, Malaysia; and (iv) in Vigan, Philippines, ordinances aimed at reducing pollution (noise, air and visual), improving sanitation and waste management, have been enacted unesdoc.unesco.org |
D=4693；Zhang Xuegang，《东南亚与能源：通向稳定之门》， 《中国安全》，第 3 卷第 2 期（2007 [...] 年），第 18-35 页，详情可 登录 www.wsichina.org/cs6_2.pdf；Marc Lanteigne，《中国的海上 安全与马六甲困境 》，《亚洲安全》，第 4 卷第 2 期（ 2008 年）， 第 143-161 页；You Ji，《应对马六甲困境 ：中国努力保护能源 供给》，《战略分析》，第 31 卷第 3 期（ 2007 年 ），第 467-489 页。 crisisgroup.org | Xuegang Zhang, “China’s energy corridors in Southeast Asia”, Jamestown Foundation, China Brief, vol. 8, no. 3 (2008), www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_ news%5D=4693; Zhang Xuegang, “Southeast Asia and energy: gateway to stability”, China Security, vol. 3, no. 2 (2007), [...] pp. 18-35, [...] www.wsichina.org/cs6_2.pdf; Marc Lanteigne, “China’s maritime security and the Malacca dilemma, Asian Security, vol. 4, no. 2 (2008), pp. 143-161; You Ji, “Dealing with the Malacca Dilemma: China’s [...]effort to protect its [...]energy supply”, Strategic Analysis, vol. 31, no. 3 (2007), pp. 467-489. crisisgroup.org |
预期成果 2：加强哲学交流，以期解决民主及和平文化遇到的新挑战——作为亚洲和阿拉伯 区域哲学领域一个永久性交流平台，以“和平文化与人类尊严”为主题的亚洲-阿拉伯世界 哲学对话于 2010 年 5 月在马来西亚马六甲举行。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Expected Result 2: Philosophical exchanges reinforced with a view to addressing new challenges to democracy and a culture of peace – As a permanent platform of exchange Part I – page 20 unesdoc.unesco.org |
由世纪音乐系学生所呈现的The Wave巡回演奏会(第一系列)共于3个地点进行演出：柔佛州昔加末的Wesley [...] Methodist Church，柔佛州峇株巴辖的华仁中学及 马六甲 培 风 中学大礼堂。 systematic.edu.my | The Wave Concert Tour (series 1) performed by SEGi School of Music students stopped over at 3 other locations: Wesley [...] Methodist Church in Segamat, Johor; Chinese High School in Batu Pahat, Johor; Pay Fong [...] High School Concert Hall in Malacca. systematic.edu.my |
註 5 ： (i) 本僱傭合約第六 ( 甲 ) 條 款的每月工資的工資率須不低於僱主在有關政府服務合約內承 諾的每月工資的工資率。 afcd.gov.hk | Note 4: The Employer has committed in the relevant government service contract that the Employee’s maximum number of working hours in a day shall be hours. afcd.gov.hk |
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