| 单词 | 风流债 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 风流债 —involved in a love affairSee also:风流—outstanding • dissolute • romantic • talented in letters and unconventional in life style • distinguished and accomplished 债 n—debt n
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发言者还指出，需要处理国际信贷紧缩发展成为全 球衰退的问题，强调指出危机可能影 响 风 险 承受能力和投资向以美元计价的证券 和国债的回流。 daccess-ods.un.org | The speaker also noted the need to address the spillover of the international credit crunch into a global recession, and [...] underscored the impact [...] of the crisis on risk appetite and the move of investment back to dollar-based securities and treasuries. daccess-ods.un.org |
不 过，图瓦卢等国正制定管理和减少债 务 风 险 政 策，以确保今后所有借款需要经过 一个详细的过程，包括财务分析、广泛协商，并经议会批准。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, some countries, such as Tuvalu, [...] are developing debt risk management and [...]mitigation policies to ensure all future [...]borrowing is subject to a detailed process involving financial analysis, broad consultation and approval by Parliament. daccess-ods.un.org |
最近，巴塞尔委员会宣布一项综合性改革战略，以加强《巴塞尔二号协 定》的风险覆 盖情况(特别是对交 易账户 和资产负债表外风险的 覆盖)；提高第 一 层 资本(股 权 和 类似工 具 )的 质量；建立更多的震荡缓冲器 ，以遏 制 亲周期 性；评估用简单粗放的风险措施替代基于风险的措施的必要性；加强评估跨界 银行资金流动性 的监督框架；加强银行的 风险管理和治理做法；加强银行交易 对手信用风险资本、风险管理和披露；促进全球协调落实，以确保实行监督原 则。 daccess-ods.un.org | Recently, the Basel Committee announced a comprehensive strategy for reform involving strengthening risk capture of Basel II [...] (particularly for [...] trading book and off-balance sheet exposures); enhancing the quality of Tier 1 capital (equity and similar instruments); building additional shock absorbers that can dampen pro-cyclicality; evaluating the need to supplement risk-based measures with simple gross measures of exposure; reinforcing supervisory frameworks to assess funding liquidity at cross-border [...]banks; strengthening [...]risk management and governance practices at banks; strengthening counterparty credit risk capital, risk management and disclosure at banks; and promoting globally coordinated follow-up to ensure implementation of supervisory principles. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，在达到完成点的 23 个国家中，受债 务困扰风险较低的只有 9 个国家。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, out of 23 countries which reached the point of completion, [...] only 9 currently had low risk of debt distress. daccess-ods.un.org |
但在制订减少风险战 略；与信息和通信技术厅共同开展业务影响分析以切实优先落实部门业 务流程、培训管理人员和关键工作人员以确保他们能够继续开展关键业 务流程；以及测试业务连续性计划和确保其继续运作等方面，还有一些 工作要做(另见本补编 A/64/7/Add.9 号文件，第 42 至 45 段)。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, work remains to be done in setting up mitigation strategies; carrying out a business impact analysis, together with the Office of Information and Communications Technology, to validate the prioritization of business processes at departmental level, train managers and critical staff to ensure they are able to continue critical business processes, and testing the business continuity plans and ensuring their maintenance (see also paragraphs 42 to 45 of document A/64/7/Add.9 in the present supplement). daccess-ods.un.org |
对 话包括四个互动讨论：(a) 国际货币和金融制度改革及其对发展的影响；(b) [...] 当前 金融和经济危机对外国直接投资和其他私人资 本 流 动 、 外 债 和 国 际贸易的影响； (c) 金融和技术发展合作，包括发展资金的新型来源在调集国内和国际资金促进 [...]发展方面的杠杆作用；(d) [...] 发展筹资与实现千年发展目标之间的联系：通往 2010 年高级别活动的道路。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Dialogue included four interactive discussions on: (a) the reform of the international monetary and financial system and its implications for development; (b) the impact of the current financial and economic [...] crisis on foreign direct investment [...] and other private flows, external debt and international [...]trade; (c) the role of financial [...]and technical development cooperation, including innovative sources of development finance, in leveraging the mobilization of domestic and international financial resources for development; and (d) the link between financing for development and achieving the Millennium Development Goals: the road to the 2010 high-level event. daccess-ods.un.org |
本金偿还是债务总流量的一部 分，其中还包括付出的款项、净流动 及 债 务 转让和利息支付，其构成是特定年份 以外币偿还的本金数额。 daccess-ods.un.org | Principal repayments were [...] part of total debt flows, which also included disbursements, net flows and transfers on debt and interest [...]payments, and consisted [...]of the amounts of principal repaid in foreign currency in the year specified. daccess-ods.un.org |
圆桌会议 2：当前金融和经济危机对外国直接投资和其他私人资 本流 动、外债和国际贸易的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | Round table 2: The impact of the current [...] financial and economic crisis on foreign direct investment [...] and other private flows, external debt and international trade. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于必须保持债务的可持续性，并鉴于尤其是最 不发达国家和陷入债务困扰风险加 大的低收入国家需要外部资金来实现发展目 标，双边捐助者和多边金融机构应争取提供越来越多的赠款和减让性贷款，作为 其金融支助手段的优先选用方法，从而确保债务的可持续性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Given the imperative of [...] maintaining debt sustainability and the external financing requirements for meeting development goals, particularly in least developed countries and lowincome countries facing increased risks of debt distress, [...]bilateral donors and [...]multilateral financial institutions should seek to increasingly provide grants and concessional loans as the preferred modalities of their financial support instruments to ensure debt sustainability. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会指出，不能再以无法获得公共 债 务 和 债 务 流 量 资 料为理由，根据外债 总额和债务存量计算债务负担调整数。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee noted that the unavailability of information on [...] public debt and debt flows was no longer a rationale [...]for basing the debt-burden [...]adjustment on total external debt and debt-stock calculations. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会在审查这一要素时指出，有两个与该要素的运作有关的主 要问题要考虑：(a) [...] 是采用政府及政府担保的外债数据，还是继续采用外债总额； (b) 是以债务流量为 基础进行债务负担调整，还是继续采用债务存量。 daccess-ods.un.org | In reviewing this element, the Committee noted that there were two main issues to consider in relation to the functioning of the element: (a) whether to use public and publicly guaranteed external debt data or to continue to [...] use total external debt; and (b) whether to base the debt-burden [...] adjustment on debt flow or to continue to [...]use debt stock. daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 通过增加国内储蓄以及官方发展援助和私人资 本 流 动 ， 减少 外 债 以及 生产和出口多样化，加强资源筹措。 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) Strengthening the mobilization of resources through, for example, boosting domestic savings as well as [...] official development assistance and [...] private capital flows, reducing external debt, and diversification [...]of production and exports. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于所声称的在支付利息方面违背了智利的法律，即以《国际商事仲裁法》第 9 [...] 条（等同于《仲裁示范法》第 9 [...] 条）为其形式的法律，因为被申请人认为本应 当支付复利，而这是国家法律所禁止的，同时也因 为 债 务 中缺 乏 流 动 资 产而被 排除在外，对此法院认定，这涉及实质问题，超出了强制执行问题的限度；这 [...] 个问题不能由最高法院来裁定，而是应由当初审理强制执行程序的仲裁庭来裁 定。 daccess-ods.un.org | As for the claim that Chilean law, in the form of article 9 of the International Commercial Arbitration Act (consistent with art. 9 MAL), had been breached with regard to the payment of interest, given that, in the defendant’s view, compound interest had been payable, which was prohibited under [...] national legislation and [...] excluded by the lack of liquid assets in the debt, the Court held [...]that this related to an issue of [...]substance, which went beyond the question of enforcement; it was not for the Supreme Court to rule on the issue but for the court where the enforcement proceedings had been heard. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，也可能使用期 [...] 货合同和购买期权等衍生工具，以降低以其他货币计算的当期和某些未来承付 款、资产和负债的外汇风险。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, the use of derivative instruments, such as forward contracts and the [...] purchase of options, may be used to [...] reduce foreign exchange risk on current and certain [...]future obligations, assets and liabilities [...]denominated in other currencies. daccess-ods.un.org |
按 4 个类别评定债务困境风险等级： (a) 低风险，即所有债务指 标都远低于阈值；(b) 中等风险，即债务负 担指标在 基线预测中低于阈值，但压力检测表明，如出现外部冲击或宏观经济政策突然变 化，可能高于阈值；(c) 高风险，即基线预测表明债务或偿债指标长期高于阈值， 但一国目前尚未面临任何支付困难，其他预测或压力检测也显示保护性地超出阈 值；(d) 债务困境，即一国已面临支付困难。 daccess-ods.un.org | The risk of debt distress is rated on the basis of four categories: (a) low risk, when all the debt indicators are well below the thresholds; (b) moderate risk, when debt burden indicators [...] are below the thresholds [...]in the baseline scenario, but stress tests indicate that thresholds could be breached if there are external shocks or abrupt changes in macroeconomic policies; (c) high risk, when the baseline scenario indicates a protracted breach of debt or debt service thresholds but the country does not currently face any repayment difficulties and alternative scenarios or stress tests also show protected threshold breaches; or (d) in debt distress, when the country is already facing repayment difficulties. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，许多发展中国家的 财政空间仍然极为有限，最不发达国家面临的陷 入 债 务 困境 的 风 险 很 高。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, many developing countries [...] still have little fiscal space, and a number of African and least developed [...] countries are at a high risk of debt distress. daccess-ods.un.org |
十 四个低收入重债穷国在采取严格和负责任的措施之后达到了重债穷国完成点，但 是目前又再次面临陷入严重或中度债 务 困境 的 风 险。 daccess-ods.un.org | Fourteen low-income HIPCs, which had [...] reached the HIPC completion point by being rigorous and responsible, were now facing [...] deep or moderate risk of debt distress. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据该框架，世界银行和基金组织开展债务可持续性评估，包括分析一国今 后 20 [...] 年的预期债务负担及其相对于外部冲击和政策冲击的脆弱性；根据一国政 策和机构的质量确定指示性的债务负担阈值，据以评估今后 20 年期间的债务困 境风险；提出限制债务困境风险的 借贷战略。 daccess-ods.un.org | Under the Framework, the World Bank and IMF conduct debt sustainability assessments consisting of an analysis of a country’s projected debt burden over a 20-year period and its vulnerability to external and policy shocks; an assessment of the risk of debt distress during that time, based on indicative debt burden thresholds that depend on the quality of the country’s [...] policies and institutions; and [...] recommendations for a borrowing and lending strategy that limits the risk of debt distress. daccess-ods.un.org |
大型设备供应商可利用能源服务公 司作为销售它们设备的途径，同时将 风 险 和 债 务 保 留在这家公司的账目上，而不是在其母 [...] 公司的账目上。 multilateralfund.org | Large equipment vendors may use an energy service [...] company as a means of selling their equipment [...] while keeping risks and debt on that company’s [...]books, rather than on the books of the parent company. multilateralfund.org |
向低收入国家提供的大 [...] 多数发援会官方发展援助贷款条件是非常优惠的，所以没有增 加 债 务 负担 的风 险， 但有一种趋势是向发展中国家特别是中等收入国家提供出口信贷形式的援 助。 daccess-ods.un.org | Most DAC ODA loans to low-income [...] countries are on very concessional terms [...] and so do not risk increasing debt burdens, but there [...]has been a trend to provide to [...]developing countries, especially middleincome countries, in the form of export credits. daccess-ods.un.org |
专家组已开始与刚果(金)武装部队合作，审 查现行的武器和弹药库存管理、物流和问责做法，以确定 外 流风 险 并 提出切实可 行的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Group has begun working with FARDC to review current arms and [...] ammunition stockpile [...] management, logistics and accountability practices, in order to identify risks of diversion and [...]recommend practical measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 向面临不可持续的债务高风险的国家提供赠款和减让性贷款，避免债务 问题重现。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) Increasing grants and concessional loans for [...] countries with high risks of unsustainable debt, to avoid [...]renewed debt problems. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些福利作 为非流动负债对待 ；如果付款和贴现影响被视为非常重大，则按估计未来现金流的现值计 量。 unesdoc.unesco.org | These are treated as non-current liabilities and [...] are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows if [...]the payments and the impact of discounting are considered to be material. unesdoc.unesco.org |
因此，成员认为，应适用 基于债务流量以 及政府和政府担保债务的比额表。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result, members believed that we should apply the scale [...] based on debt flow, and public and publicly guaranteed debt. daccess-ods.un.org |
工作组实现了创立辩论平台的目标，并通过信息和经验 交 流 ， 将 债 务 换教 育问题纳入了工作日程。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Chaired by Mr Daniel Filmus, former Minister of Education, Science and Technology of Argentina, the committee successfully achieved its purpose of [...] creating a debate and [...] putting the issue of debt swaps for education on the agenda through exchange of [...]information and experiences. unesdoc.unesco.org |
如果说最近几年的现金持有水平还算令人满意，那么 2010 年底的现金却只相当于短期 债务的 15 %、流动资产的 47 %。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The cash flow level recorded in recent years may seem [...] satisfactory but amounted to only 15% of [...] short-term debt, while current assets amounted to 47% of such debt as at the end [...]of 2010. unesdoc.unesco.org |
在复原生境和资源增殖后，建立淡水保护区是 第三种最普遍的保护淡水鱼类种群的干预措施1 [...] 。规定休渔期和休渔 区，以及防止在产卵场、未开发的和 河 流风 景 指定区以及当地鱼类 养护区捕捞，在一定程度上都可视为建设淡水保护区。 fao.org | Following habitat rehabilitation and stock enhancement, the use of FPAs is the third-most common intervention to protect freshwater fish populations.1 Closed fishing seasons and areas, [...] prevention of fishing on spawning [...] grounds, wild and scenic river designations, and native [...]fish conservation areas can all [...]be considered FPAs to one extent or another. fao.org |
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