| 单词 | 非司法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 非司法 adjective —non-judicial adjSee also:非法 adj—illicit adj • unlawful adj • irregular adj • illegitimate adj 司法 adj—judicial adj • legal adj 司法 n—justice n • judiciary n 司法—(administration of) justice
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除司法救济外， 在普通法方面，个人权利的保护和实施也可透过 准 司法 和 非司法 救 济 得以保证。 daccess-ods.un.org | Apart from judicial remedies, in terms of ordinary [...] law, the safeguard and enforcement of individual rights is also ensured [...] through quasijudicial and non-judicial remedies. daccess-ods.un.org |
促进遵守国际法、防止冲突和打击有罪不罚现象的国 际 司法 和 非司法 机 制日 益有效，但是仍然需要进一步加强。 daccess-ods.un.org | International judicial and non-judicial mechanisms that [...] promote compliance with international law, prevent conflict and combat impunity [...]are increasingly effective but require further strengthening. daccess-ods.un.org |
各国的主要义务是提供保护防止第三方包括工商业侵犯人权；工商企业有责任保 护人权，且需要增加受害者获得有效 司法 和 非司法 补 救 的机会。 daccess-ods.un.org | States have the primary duty to protect against human rights abuses by third parties, including business; businesses have the responsibility to [...] respect human rights; and there is a need for greater access by victims to [...] effective remedies, both judicial and non-judicial. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些事项包括下列问题：(a) [...] 设保人是否必须与借款人同为一人；(b)担保协议是否对所有相关的义务实行担 [...] 保；(c)担保权是否必须服从任何法律限制；(d)贷款中是否必须有明确的支付时 间表；(e)是否有任何特别权利或义务（例如道路权或场地通行权）；(f)是否有任 何特别义务保全设保资产；(g)是否有任何义务不得转让设保资产或在该资产上 设定另一担保权；(h)在发生违约和强制执行时如何可以通知设保人和其他利益 相关方；(i)是否应当提及非司法执行 ；以及(j)是否应当有关于解决纠纷的条 款。 daccess-ods.un.org | These matters include the questions whether: (a) the grantor has to be the same person as the borrower; (b) the security agreement secures all the relevant obligations; (c) the security right is subject to any legal restrictions; (d) there must be a clear payment schedule in the credit; (e) there are any special rights or obligations (such as rights of way or rights of access to a site); (f) there are any special obligations for the preservation of encumbered assets; (g) there are any obligations not to transfer the encumbered asset or create another security right in it; (h) [...] ways in which the [...] grantor and other interested parties could be notified in the case of default and enforcement; (i) there should be a reference to extrajudicial enforcement; and (j) [...]there should be a dispute resolution clause. daccess-ods.un.org |
同冲突各方和其他利益攸关方探讨处理冲突期间所犯罪行 的 司法 和非 司法办法的时间和顺序。 daccess-ods.un.org | Explore with the conflict parties and other [...] stakeholders the timing and sequencing [...] of judicial and non-judicial approaches to address [...]crimes committed during the conflict. daccess-ods.un.org |
部分规定考虑到了报告作者和相关成员国之间存在不对等性（尤其在涉及所援引 事实的具体证据时），而另一些规定则源自该程序的人道主义 和 非司法 性 质 （如其中一条排 除了“竭尽国内补救措施”的国际司法条例，而仅规定报告“应指出是否在报告所针对的事 实上采取了努力，已竭尽国内可用的补救措施，同时应指出这些努力可能产生的结果，第 [...] 104 EX/3.3 [...]号决定，第 14（a）（ix）段））。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Some of these rules take into account the asymmetry between the authors of the communications and the Member States concerned (particularly with regard to the substantiation of allegations), while [...] others are derived from [...] the humanitarian, non-judicial nature of the procedure (such as that which, overriding the international judicial rule [...]of the exhaustion of domestic [...]remedies, merely provides that the communication “must indicate whether an attempt has been made to exhaust available domestic remedies with regard to the facts which constitute the subject matter of the communication and the result of such an attempt, if any” (104 EX/Decision 3.3, para. 14(a) (ix)). unesdoc.unesco.org |
有许多非司法机制 和手段，监督遵守国际规范和标准的情况，并帮助解决争 端。 daccess-ods.un.org | There are numerous non-judicial mechanisms [...] and means of monitoring compliance with international norms and standards and helping to resolve disputes. daccess-ods.un.org |
一旦决定采取追回行动，一般法律事 [...] 务司着手采取适当行动，可能采用司法手段或其他如仲裁 等 非司法 手 段 ，所有行 动都需花费大量时间和资源。 daccess-ods.un.org | When decisions are taken to pursue recovery, the Division institutes [...] the appropriate action, whether [...] through judicial or other non-judicial means, [...]such as arbitration, all of which are extremely [...]time-consuming and resource intensive. daccess-ods.un.org |
在过去一年中，确保问责制的司法和 非司法 的 机 制已证明是国际社会应 对有罪不罚问题的一个重要的工具。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the past year, judicial and non-judicial mechanisms [...] that ensure accountability have proved to be an important tool in [...]the international community’s response to impunity. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，我发布了联合国过渡时期司法办法，在与国家协商的基础上，加强 为司法和非司法程序 和机制提供援助的协调性和质量，以确保问责制，伸张正义， [...] 就过去大规模侵权行为实现和解。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, I issued guidance on the United Nations approach to transitional justice to strengthen the [...] coherence and quality of the assistance [...] provided to judicial and non-judicial processes and [...]mechanisms, based on national consultations, [...]that ensure accountability, serve justice and achieve reconciliation in the context of past large-scale abuses. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会进一步关注由于害怕打击报复和对司法制度缺乏信心，阻止了 罪行的证人与受害者诉诸司法和 非司法 申 诉 机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee is further concerned that witnesses and victims [...] of crimes are deterred from seeking [...] access to justice and non-judicial complaints [...]mechanisms due to a fear of repercussions [...]and a limited confidence in the system. daccess-ods.un.org |
这除其他之外，还可以包括：为工商业相关人权侵害行为的受害者查明机 会以消除诉诸司法的障碍；为建立有效 司 法 以 及 非司法 的 申 诉机制查明成功因 素；讨论国家和公司不实施“指导原则”的后果；并对可能特别容易受到伤害或 [...] 面对不利影响首当其冲的权利持有者给予特别关注。 daccess-ods.un.org | This could include, among other things, identifying opportunities to dismantle barriers to justice for victims of business-related human rights harm; identifying [...] success factors in establishing [...] effective judicial as well as non-judicial grievance [...]mechanisms; discussing the consequences [...]for States and businesses that fail to implement the Guiding Principles; and paying particular attention to rights-holders that may be particularly vulnerable to harm, or that may bear the brunt of adverse impact. daccess-ods.un.org |
尽管取得了一些进展，但是所有机制――国 家 司法 和 非司法 、公 司、以及合作和国际机制仍然发展不足。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although progress has been made, all types of mechanisms [...] — State-based non-judicial and judicial, company-based, [...]as well as collaborative and international — remain underdeveloped. daccess-ods.un.org |
该框架以三大支柱为依托：国家有义务通过适当政 策、规章和裁决提供保护，防止包括商业企业在内的第三方侵犯人权；公司有义 [...] 务尊重人权，意指尽责行事避免侵犯他人权利；让受害者有更多途径获得有效的 司法和非司法补救。 daccess-ods.un.org | It rests on three pillars: the State duty to protect against human rights abuses by third parties, including business, through appropriate policies, regulation, and adjudication; the corporate responsibility to respect human rights, which means to act with due diligence to [...] avoid infringing on the rights of others; and greater access by victims to [...] effective remedy, judicial and non-judicial. daccess-ods.un.org |
而且，许多国家的法律对于可强 [...] 制执行非中间人代持证券担保权的方式有不同规定，一些国家要求启动司法程 序，另一些国家则允许以非司法方式 强制执行。 daccess-ods.un.org | Furthermore, the laws of many States differ with respect to the manner in which a security right in non-intermediated securities may be enforced, [...] with some States requiring the commencement of a judicial proceeding and other [...] States permitting non-judicial enforcement. daccess-ods.un.org |
7.5 根据行政和预算问题咨询委员会在关于 2004-2005 两年期拟议方案预算的第一次报告(A/58/7 和 [...] Corr.1)中提出的建议，本拟议预算列入了 2006-2007 两年期首次采纳的书记官处非司法职 能的成果预算制成分。 daccess-ods.un.org | 7.5 In compliance with the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions in its first report on the proposed programme budget for the biennium 20042005 [...] (A/58/7 and Corr.1), elements of [...] results-based budgeting for non-judicial functions of the [...]Registry, which were introduced initially [...]in the biennium 2006-2007, are included in the present proposals. daccess-ods.un.org |
过去十年中，为调查侵犯人权和严重违反国际人道主义法而建立的调查委员 会已成为最重要的非司法问责机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the past decade, commissions of inquiry established to investigate serious violations of human rights and [...] international humanitarian law have [...] become the foremost non-judicial accountability [...]mechanism, as illustrated by experience over the past year. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，实施非司法机制 ，面临着重大挑战，诸如缺乏 财力和人力资源、受害者的期望，和长期政治支持的需求。 daccess-ods.un.org | There are, however, significant challenges to the [...] implementation of nonjudicial mechanisms, such [...]as the lack of financial and human resources, [...]the victims’ expectations and the need for long-term political support. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是不管选 [...] 择哪条道路，各国都应全面地审视补救规定，从而 使 司法 和 非司法 方 法 开始融 合，成为与公司有关的侵犯行为受害者的一种补救选择制度。 daccess-ods.un.org | Whatever roads they choose, States should view the [...] provision of remedy comprehensively [...] so that judicial and non-judicial approaches begin [...]to cohere as a system of remedial options [...]for victims of corporate-related abuse. daccess-ods.un.org |
这一点在下列情况下尤其有问题，即 X 国的法律允许利用非司法程序出售 设保资产，而 Y 国法律则禁止这样做（并且两个有担保债权人中哪一个出售资 产可能对受让人取得的设保资产是否附带担保权产生影响）。 daccess-ods.un.org | This would be particularly problematic if the law of State X allowed an extra-judicial sale of the encumbered asset while the law of State Y prohibited it (and which one of the two secured creditors sold the asset may have an impact on whether the transferees acquired the encumbered asset free or subject to the security right). daccess-ods.un.org |
规范作为个人权利的人权，藉透过获得 司 法 、 准 司法 和 非司法 救 济 得以加 强及保证。 daccess-ods.un.org | Human rights, often formulated as rights [...] of the individual, are strengthened and safeguarded through access [...] to judicial, quasi-judicial and non-judicial remedies. daccess-ods.un.org |
在类似程序 中需要关注的因素包括，是否有关于 非司法 补 救 的明确规定，人们是否知道这个 机制，它是否已经实际建立起来了，各方是否正在利用它，以及是否对人员进行 [...] 了利用它的培训并对它们的性能进行了评价等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Elements to look out for in similar processes included whether there is [...] explicit provision for non-judicial remedies; whether [...]the people are aware [...]of the mechanism; whether it has actually been constituted; whether the parties are using it; and whether the personnel have been trained in using it and had their performance evaluated. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据保护义务，国家必须在其领土和/或管辖权内采取适当措施，确保利用 [...] 司法、行政、立法或者其他适当手段获得有效补救。 48 非司法机制 、国家机制 以及司法机制所能发挥的申诉解决作用和其他关键职能，包括在促进人权、提供 [...] 指导、建设能力以及为公司和利益攸关方提供支助方面的重要性经常被忽视。 daccess-ods.un.org | Under their duty to protect, States must take appropriate steps within their territory and/or jurisdiction to ensure access to [...] effective remedy through judicial, administrative, legislative or other appropriate means.48 [...] The importance of non-judicial, State-based [...]mechanisms, alongside [...]judicial mechanisms, is often overlooked, as regards both their complaints-handling role and other key functions they can perform, including promoting human rights, offering guidance, building capacity and providing support to companies and stakeholders. daccess-ods.un.org |
此类标准所立足的理念可以是，国际层面 遵守法治要求我们承诺秉诚谈判、开展和解和调解、 或是以其它非司法或准 司法方式解决法律争端。 daccess-ods.un.org | The philosophy underlying such standards could be that respect for the rule of law at the international level entails a commitment to [...] good-faith negotiation, conciliation, [...] mediation or other forms of non-judicial or quasi-judicial settlement [...]of legal disputes. daccess-ods.un.org |
李國能法官雖已精要地點出原因所在，但我相信那些因素 並 非司法 覆核 數目急劇上升的主要催化劑，因為公職人員行使酌情權和《基本法》及人權 法案的實施等，自回歸以來早已存在，根本沒有理據支持為何司法覆核在 2003 年才突然開始飆升。 legco.gov.hk | Although Mr Justice Andrew LI has succinctly highlighted the crux of the problem, I still believe those factors are not the key catalyst contributing to the sharp rise in the number of judicial review cases because the exercise of discretionary power by public officers and the enforcement of the Basic Law and the Bill of Rights have been ongoing since the reunification. legco.gov.hk |
由于促进平等国务秘书所开展的工作 和民间社会所作的贡献，2010年6 [...] 月国民议会通过了《反家庭暴力法》，该项 法律保障家庭暴力受害者的非司法保 护 ，例如咨询、收容所的临时保护、医疗及 [...]社会与法律援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result of the work of SEPI, with contributions from civil society, in June 2010 the National Parliament [...] passed the Law against Domestic Violence, [...] which guarantees non-judicial protection [...]to victims of domestic violence, such as [...]counselling, temporary protection in shelters, medical treatment and social and legal assistance. daccess-ods.un.org |
如上文第㈢节所述，法庭正同联合国档案科和联合法庭档案战略工作小组一 道制订一项记录保留政策，用于整个法庭 的 非司法 记 录 ，以便确保记录保留计划 表保持内部一致，符合档案科的标准。 daccess-ods.un.org | As detailed in section (iii) above, the Tribunal is establishing, in conjunction with the Archives and Records Management Section and the Joint Tribunals Archival Strategy [...] Working Group, a records [...] retention policy for non-judicial records throughout the Tribunal in order to [...]ensure that the records [...]retention schedule represents an internally consistent plan that meets the Section’s standards. daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 当儿童作为证人参与司法或非司法问 责 程序时，会员国应致力于制定保 护程序和法律保障，以在他们提供证词或陈述之前、期间和之后保护他们的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) When children engage as [...] witnesses in judicial or non-judicial accountability [...]processes, Member States should commit [...]themselves to putting in place protection procedures and legal safeguards to protect their rights before, during and after their testimony or statement. daccess-ods.un.org |
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