| 单词 | 防卫武器 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 防卫武器 —defensive weaponSee also:防卫 n—defenceBE n • weir n 防卫 pl—defenses pl 防卫—defenseAE 武器 n—weapons n • arms n • weapon n • weaponry n • ammunition n • disarmament n
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关于库存管理的培训包括对若 干防卫武器和弹 药库进行有指导的自我评估。 daccess-ods.un.org | The training on stockpile management includes a guided [...] self-assessment of several defence arms and ammunition depots. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，它认为，该公约以及现有国际人道主义法的规定妥善解决 了有关不负责任使用非杀伤人员地雷的问题，这些地雷是合法 的 防卫武器。 daccess-ods.un.org | Lastly, it believed that the provisions of the Convention, together with existing international humanitarian law, adequately addressed the problems [...] relating to the irresponsible use of mines other than anti-personnel mines [...] (MOTAPMs), which were legitimate weapons of defence. daccess-ods.un.org |
1955年日本防卫厅根据武器装备 国产化、现代话需要，正式决定研制国产化坦克。 trumpeter-china.com | The Japanese defence office in 1955 is according to the needs of weaponry production domesticization [...] , modern, develop the [...]production domesticization tank in formal decision. trumpeter-china.com |
条约不应损害各国依照《联合国宪章》第五十一 条进行自卫的权利，这也意味着各国拥有获取自卫手段的合法权利，包括发展、 制造、获取和进口确保国家防卫所需 的 武器。 daccess-ods.un.org | The treaty should not prejudice the right of States to self-defence under Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, which also implies that States have the legitimate [...] right to acquire means for self-defence, including through the development, manufacture, [...] acquisition and import of arms required to ensure their national defence. daccess-ods.un.org |
他欢迎美国与俄罗斯联邦新签署的裁减战 略武器条约，这是向前迈出的重要一步。他也促请 [...] 所有核武器国家乘势而进，解决其他一些关键问题， 例如削弱核武器在战略防卫理论 中的作用，向无核 武器国家提供安全保证及继续以透明和可核查的方 [...]式大幅削减核武器。 daccess-ods.un.org | He welcomed the new treaty on strategic arms reduction signed by the United States and the Russian Federation as a significant step forward and urged all nuclear-weapon States to use the momentum created to address other critical [...] issues, for instance, reducing the [...] role of nuclear weapons in strategic defence doctrines, providing [...]security assurances to non-nuclear-weapon [...]States and continuing to significantly reduce nuclear weapons in a transparent and verifiable manner. daccess-ods.un.org |
在共产主义时期，波兰把重点放在重工业的 发展上，包括采矿、冶金、机械制造、造船 和武器防卫。 paiz.gov.pl | During the communist period Poland put a lot of [...] emphasis on its heavy industries including its mining, metallurgy, machine construction, [...] shipbuilding and arms sectors. paiz.gov.pl |
将仔细筛选和训练这 20 个新员额的任职人员，他们将负责在观察团在苏呼 米的所有房舍进出点提供安保护卫； 用目视、金属探测器和 X 光设备等手段检查 所有进入房舍的人员、包裹和汽车；搜查和暂时保 管 武器 ， 防 止 武 器 被 带进房舍； 在观察团总部各处巡逻；控制观察团总部内的汽车交通；向安保管制中心报告所 有安保和火警情况以及违反安全规定的行为。 daccess-ods.un.org | The incumbents of the 20 new posts, who would be carefully screened [...] and trained to provide [...] the required level of security services, would be responsible for the provision of security coverage at entry points throughout Mission premises in Sukhumi; screening of all personnel, packages and vehicles entering the premises through visual inspections, metal detectors and X-ray equipment; identification and temporary custody of weapons prior to entry [...]into the premises; conduct [...]of patrols throughout Mission headquarters; control of vehicular traffic in Mission headquarters; and reporting of all security, fire and safety violations to the security control centre. daccess-ods.un.org |
在提供军事和安保服务时，雇员在下列情况下方可使 用 武 力 或火 器：(a) 保卫自己或公司其他雇员免遭其认为迫在眉睫的非法的死 亡或重伤威胁，属于行使自卫的基本权利；(b) 保卫按照合同受其 保护者免遭其认为迫在眉睫的非法的死亡或重伤威胁；(c) 阻止其 有合理理由认为非法绑架其本人、公司的其他雇员或按照合同受其 保护者的企图；(d) 预防或阻 止犯下可能或已经构成死亡或重伤威 胁的罪行。 daccess-ods.un.org | In providing military and security [...] services, employees [...] may use force or firearms only (a) to defend him/herself or other employees of the company against what he/she believes to be an imminent unlawful threat of death or serious bodily injury, in respect of the exercise of the essential right of selfdefence; (b) to defend persons whom he/she is under a contract to protect against what he/she believes to be an imminent unlawful threat of death or serious bodily injury; (c) to resist what he/she reasonably believes to be an attempt to unlawfully abduct him/her, other employees of the company or a person whom he/she is under contract to protect; (d) to prevent or put a stop [...]to the commission of a [...]serious crime that would involve or involves a grave threat to life or of serious bodily injury. daccess-ods.un.org |
欧洲联盟已经采取了 这些措施，其中包括立即停止生产用于核武器的裂 [...] 变材料；拆除核设施和试验场地，而且拆除退役的 [...] 核弹头；秉持美国和俄罗斯联邦缔结新条约的精神， 削减所有核武库；针对极端自卫情况 ，限制 核 武器 在防御理 论中的作用；以法国和美国为榜样，提高 各国持有核武器数量的透明度；所有国家，特别是 [...] 附件二列示的尚未加入该文书的国家迅速批准《禁 [...]试条约》；立即开展关于裂变材料禁产条约的谈判。 daccess-ods.un.org | Those measures, which had been taken up by the European Union, included an immediate halt to the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons; the dismantlement of nuclear installations and test sites, but also of decommissioned nuclear warheads; a reduction of all nuclear arsenals, in the spirit of the new treaty between the United States and the Russian Federation; [...] a limiting of the [...] role of nuclear weapons in defence doctrines to extreme cases of self-defence; greater transparency [...]as to the number [...]of nuclear weapons held by each State, following the example of France and the United States; prompt ratification of the Test-Ban Treaty by all States, particularly annex II States, that were not yet parties to that instrument; and immediate negotiation of a fissile material cut-off treaty. daccess-ods.un.org |
对最终用途的监测，将确保武器出口 后的适当用 途，以及出口者遵守所有法律、政策、条例和手续， 从而核实一个外国政府或获得授权的 防卫 物 品的外 国接受者正按照转让的规定和条件，使用和控制这些 物品。 daccess-ods.un.org | End-use monitoring [...] ensures that exported weapons are used properly and that exploiters follow all laws, policies, regulations and procedures, thus verifying that a foreign Government or the authorized foreign recipient of defence articles is using [...]and controlling them [...]in accordance with the terms and conditions of a transfer. daccess-ods.un.org |
一名与会者提到美国对《防止外空放 置 武器 条 约 》草案不包括地空地面空间 的动能反卫星武器而且 不能切实有效核查的问题感到关切。 daccess-ods.un.org | One participant referred to the United States of [...] America concerns about the PPWT draft not including ground-to-space kinetic ASATs and not being effectively verifiable. daccess-ods.un.org |
a) 和平或战争时代的敌对或战争行为，包括阻击、抗击 或 防卫 实 际、迫近或预期的攻击； b) 和平或战争时代使用原子裂变或放射性武力的战 争 武器； c) 暴动、叛乱、革命、内战、篡夺权力，或者政府当局为阻击、抗击 或 防卫 这 类事情发生所采取的行动，检疫或海关条例规定的查封或毁灭， 政府或公共当局命令的查封或没收，禁运或非法运输或贸易的风险； d) 在重新占有或者交还保险车辆之后发生；或者 e) 在美国或加拿大境外发生。 iasdirect.com | Any loss resulting from total loss to [...] the covered vehicle caused by or resulting from any of the following causes are specifically excluded: a) hostile or warlike action in time of peace or war, including action in hindering, combating, or defending against actual, impending or expected attack; b) any weapon of war employing atomic fission or radioactive force, whether [...]in time of peace [...]or war; c) insurrection, rebellion, revolution, civil war, usurped power, or action taken by governmental authority in hindering, combating or defending against such occurrence, seizure or destruction under quarantine or customs regulations, seizure or confiscation by order of any government or public authority, risks of contraband or illegal transportation or trade; d) occurring after covered vehicle has been repossessed or placed in repossession; or e) occurring outside of the United States or Canada. iasdirect.com |
在核裁军核查措施方面，除俄罗斯联邦和美国之间达成的更新 2000 年《美 利坚合众国政府和俄罗斯联邦政府关于管理和处置已指定不再用 于 防卫 目 的的 钚及相关合作的协定》的协定以外，国际原子能机构在制定具有法律约束力的适 当核查安排，以确保不可逆转地消除被认定不再需要用于军事用途的裂变材料 (特别是武器级高 浓缩铀)方面，没有取得进一步的进展。 daccess-ods.un.org | In terms of nuclear disarmament verification measures, besides the agreement between the Russian Federation and the [...] United States to update [...] the 2000 Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Russian Federation concerning the Management and Disposition of Plutonium Designated as No Longer Required for Defence Purposes and Related Cooperation, no further progress [...]has been made in [...]the development of appropriate legally binding verification arrangements, in the context of the International Atomic Energy Agency, to ensure the irreversible removal of fissile material, particularly weaponsgrade highly enriched uranium, designated as no longer required for military purposes. daccess-ods.un.org |
为减少可供武器和暴 力的威胁，2009 年人居署与联合国儿童基金会(儿童基 金会)、联合国开发计划署(开发署)预防危机和复原局、联合国毒品和犯罪问题 办公室、秘书处裁军事务厅和世卫组 织 签署了 预 防武 装 暴 力项目。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Armed Violence Prevention Project was signed in 2009 with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the Office for Disarmament Affairs of the Secretariat, WHO and UN-Habitat for reducing threats related to arms availability and violence. daccess-ods.un.org |
这位与会 者想知道，如果《防止外空放置武器 条 约 》草案作出修订后将动能 反 卫 星 武器那 两 个能够核查的环节列入其中，美国是否会再予以考虑。 daccess-ods.un.org | The participant wondered if the United States of America would [...] reconsider the PPWT if the draft were amended to include those two verifiable elements for kinetic ASATs. daccess-ods.un.org |
该法还强调，如果美国单方面部署弹道导弹防御系统“从实质上损害了俄罗 斯联邦的国家安全和防卫能力 ”，或者在《条约》下设的双边磋商委员会未作出 有关决定的情况下发展战略非核武器 系 统，俄罗斯联邦可退出《条约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Act also emphasizes that the Russian Federation may withdraw from the Treaty in the event of unilateral deployment by [...] the United States of [...] ballistic missile defence systems that “qualitatively undermine the national security and defence capabilities of the Russian Federation”, or the development of strategic non-nuclear weapon systems in the absence [...]of the relevant [...]decisions of the Bilateral Consultative Commission established under the Treaty. daccess-ods.un.org |
大家普遍 同意，毁灭性反卫星武器或使 用这类产生碎片的武器的空间战争对所有国家都将 是危险的和起反作用的，应当在近期设立某种机制加以 预 防。 daccess-ods.un.org | There was general agreement that the advent of [...] destructive ASATs or war in space using such debris-creating weapons would be dangerous and counterproductive for all countries, and that some mechanism for preventing this should be created [...]in the near term. daccess-ods.un.org |
不结盟运动继续对核武器国家战略 防卫 理 论 深 表关切，其中包括“北约组织联盟战略概念”，因为 该战略概念不仅提出使用或威胁使用核武器的理由， 而且还维持基于促进和发展军事联盟和核威慑政策 [...] 的毫无道理的国际安全概念。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Movement remains deeply concerned [...] by the strategic defence doctrines of the nuclear-weapon States, including [...]the NATO Alliance Strategic [...]Concept, which not only sets out rationales for the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, but also maintains unjustifiable concepts of international security based on promoting and developing military alliances and nuclear deterrence policies. daccess-ods.un.org |
在同一决议中，安理会决定该部队除了根据第 425(1978) 号和第 426(1978)号决议执行任务外，还将除其他事项外，监测敌对行动的停止； 在以色列国防军撤出时，陪同和支助黎巴嫩武装部队在整个黎巴嫩南部进行部 [...] 署；确保“蓝线”得到尊重，并协助黎巴嫩武装部队确保“蓝线”和利塔尼河之 [...] 间的地区没有任何未经授权的武装人员、资产和武器；采取力所能及的一切必要 行动，确保其行动区不被用来进行敌对活动；应黎巴嫩政府的要求协助其保障边 境和其他入境点的安全，防止武器或 有关物资未经其许可进入黎巴嫩。 daccess-ods.un.org | By the same resolution, the Council decided that the mandate of the Force, in addition to carrying out its mandate under resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978), would include, inter alia, monitoring the cessation of hostilities, accompanying and supporting the deployment of the Lebanese Armed Forces throughout southern Lebanon in parallel with the withdrawal of the Israeli Defense Forces, ensuring respect for the Blue Line and assisting the Lebanese Armed Forces in ensuring that the area between the Blue Line and the Litani River is free of any unauthorized armed personnel, assets and weapons, taking all necessary action within its capabilities to ensure that its area of operations is not utilized for hostile activities, and assisting the Government of Lebanon, at its request, in securing its [...] borders and other entry [...] points in order to prevent the entry into Lebanon without its consent of arms or related materiel. daccess-ods.un.org |
可能制订的武器贸易条约必须完全符合《联合国宪章》所体现的各项宗旨的 文字和精神，包括各国为正当自卫取 得常 规 武器 的 正 当权利，生产、进出口和转 让常规武器的权利，平等的主权权利，领土完整和政治独立的权利以及所有国家 [...] 人民的自决权，以及《宪章》的所有其他原则，包括禁止使用武力和以武力相威 [...] 胁的原则以及促进和平解决争端的原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | The potential arms trade treaty has to fully comply with the letter and spirit of all principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, including the [...] legitimate right of States to [...] acquire conventional weapons for legitimate selfdefence, and their right [...]to produce, export, import [...]and transfer conventional arms, their equal sovereign rights, the right to territorial integrity and political independence and the right of self-determination of all peoples, as well as all other principles of the Charter, including those prohibiting the use of force and threat of use of force and those promoting the pacific settlement of disputes. daccess-ods.un.org |
武器出口国必须将批准的许可证和未批的许可情况通知武器目的国进口管 控办公室，以此作为一项建立信任措施，并 预 防武器 被 转 用。 daccess-ods.un.org | Arms-exporting countries must notify the import control offices of the arms destination [...] countries of licences granted and permits denied, as a confidencebuilding measure [...] and in order to prevent the diversion of arms. daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 第三节：建设各国预防和打击恐怖主义的能力以及加强联合国系统在这 方面的作用的措施：通过美洲国家组织/多层面安全秘书处/美洲反恐委员会的所 有项目，以及通过特别是与反恐执行局、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室、国际刑 警组织、金融行动任务组、国际海事组织、联合国区域间犯罪和司法研究所、禁 止化学武器组织、世界卫生组织和泛美卫生组织以及 40 多个区域、次区域和国 家组织和机构的战略伙伴关系和对各伙伴培训活动的支持 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) Section III — Measures to build [...] States’ capacity to prevent and combat terrorism and to strengthen the role of the United Nations system in this regard, i.e., through all OAS/Secretariat for Multidimensional Security (SMS)/CICTE projects, and through the strategic partnerships and support to partners’ training activities, especially with the Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED), UNODC, INTERPOL, the Financial Action Task Force, the International Maritime Organization, the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, the World Health Organization and [...]the Pan American Health [...]Organization (PAHO), as well as more than 40 regional, subregional and national organizations and agencies daccess-ods.un.org |
2.重申在当前国际法下，受到常规武器的武装进攻时使用 核 武器 作 为 合法 自卫得不 到国际法认同，因为这不满足必要性的要求，与《联合国宪章》第五十 一条承认的防卫行动 所追求的目的不相称。 daccess-ods.un.org | that in the current state of international law, the use of nuclear weapons as a legitimate defense in response to [...] an armed attack with [...] conventional weapons cannot be endorsed by international law, since it dispenses with the requirement of need and is not proportional to the end sought with the defensive action recognized [...]in the Charter of the [...]United Nations in its Article 51. daccess-ods.un.org |
比如，越南在 2009 年建立了一支海上民兵武装， “与边防警卫队、 海军、海警和其它军事力量合作来保卫 国家边境安全和越南海洋领土主权。 crisisgroup.org | Vietnam, for example, established a marine militia in 2009 to “cooperate with border guards, navy, sea police and other forces to protect national border security and the sovereignty of Vietnam’s sea areas”. crisisgroup.org |
丹麦武器管理法》第 7a 节规定，在接收国被丹麦政府列入第三国间 [...] 武器运输命令的情况下，禁止在第三国(除丹麦外的其他国家)之间运输 任何种类的武器和相关防卫材料。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to section 7 (a) of the Danish Weapons Act, it is prohibited to transport weapons of any kind and defence-related material etc. between third countries (i.e. other countries than Denmark), [...] when the recipient country is listed in the Government Order on [...] Transportation of Weapons etc. between third [...]countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们还支持开发署的减少 武装暴力工作，这一工作的目的是阻止 对 武器 的 需 求 和解决武装冲突和社区不安全的根源，例如支持 预防 武装冲突和社区安全方案。 daccess-ods.un.org | We have also supported UNDP’s armed violence reduction work, which aims to inhibit the demand for arms and target the root [...] causes of armed violence and community insecurity, for example by supporting armed violence prevention and community security [...]programmes. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，宣言中必须具体提到国际社会面临的威胁 与挑战，其中包括：第一，核武器的加快改进和现代 化；第二，恐怖集团有可能获取这些武器，尽管只有 核武器国家本身拥有这些武器，并对 防 止 其落入恐怖 集团手中承担着首要和绝对的责任；第三，核武器国 家可能对保证不发展这种技术的国家使用这种武器 系统；最后，有一种想法认为，结束这种危险的唯一 [...] 真正的保障就是按全人类的要求，全面和彻底销毁这 类武器。 daccess-ods.un.org | Moreover, the declaration must include specific references to the threats and challenges facing the international community, including, first, the accelerated improvement and modernization of nuclear weapons; secondly, the possible acquisition of these weapons by [...] terrorist groups, even [...] when these weapons are held only by the nuclear-weapon States themselves, which have the prime and absolute responsibility for preventing such diversion; [...]thirdly, the potential [...]use of these systems by nuclear-weapon States against those that have pledged not to develop such technology; and lastly, the concept according to which the only genuine guarantee that these threats will end is the total and complete destruction of such weapons demanded by all humankind. daccess-ods.un.org |
在这方面，为了预防武器转用，条约必须规定其进口、出口和过境所涉人员 应在本国政府登记后才能从事武器买卖，并且必须确定会员国不得与未登记的经 [...] 纪人开展武器贸易。 daccess-ods.un.org | In that connection, in order to prevent the diversion of arms, the treaty must [...] provide that persons involved in their import, [...]export and transit must be registered with national Governments in order to purchase and sell them and must establish that Member States may not trade with any unregistered broker. daccess-ods.un.org |
作为框架公约，该公约可包括以下方面：禁止生产、发展 及使用或威胁使用核武器；所有防御 理 论都应否认 核 武器 的 威 慑作用；防止在任 何地方――地面、水下、空中和外层空间――部署核武器；禁止为军事用途生产裂 变材料；在议定时限内宣布所有武器级裂变材料库存以及彻底销毁这些材料；宣 [...] 布所有弹头并以可核查的方式解除其戒备状态；在规定时间内按计划逐步以不可 [...]逆转的方式消除核弹头。 daccess-ods.un.org | This convention could be a framework treaty encompassing the following areas: banning the production, development and the [...] use or threat of use [...] of nuclear weapons; renouncing the deterrence values of nuclear weapons in all defence doctrines; preventing the deployment [...]of nuclear weapons [...]in all areas, namely on the ground, underwater, in space and outer space; banning the production of fissile material for military purposes; declaring all stocks of weapons-grade fissile material and their elimination in an irreversible manner within an agreed timetable; declaring all warheads and de-alerting them in a verifiable manner; eliminating nuclear warheads in a phased programme and in an irreversible manner within a specific time frame. daccess-ods.un.org |
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