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单词 近现代史
释义

See also:

近代

capitalist times (pre-1949)
modern times, excluding recent decades
(in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century 1919)
the not-very-distant past

现代

modern times
modern age
modern era
Hyundai, South Korean company

现代 n

modernity n
modern society n

近代史

modern history (for China, from the Opium Wars until the fall of the Qing Dynasty, i.e. mid-19th early 20th century)

近代 adj

recent adj

External sources (not reviewed)

为此,现实社会团体首先选取一个国家的艺术收藏品,从而以国家的视角 现 艺 术品 的 近代史。
shanghaibiennale.org
To do so, Société Réaliste first selects a
[...]
national art collection, whose purpose is
[...] to represent the modern and recent history of art from a national [...]
point of view.
shanghaibiennale.org
建议书认为:保护历史名地并使之同当代社会生活 相结合是城市规划和土地整治中的一个基本因素 现代 化 城市建设使建筑物的规模和密度大 大增加,丧失“近的历史名地 的环境与特色”;因而必须“保证,不要破坏古迹和历史名 地的景观,并使历史名地同当代生活溶为一体”(第 5 条)。
unesdoc.unesco.org
It considered that the safeguarding of historic areas and their integration into the life of contemporary society is a basic factor in
[...]
town-planning and land
[...] development; and that modern urbanization often leads to considerable increase in the scale and density of buildings and the loss of the “environment and character of adjoining historic areas” and that it [...]
would be necessary to
[...]
“ensure that views from and to monuments and historic areas are not spoilt and that historic areas are integrated harmoniously into contemporary life” (Article 5).
unesdoc.unesco.org
在访问期间,工作组现,非 洲人后裔在葡萄牙面临的挑战主要涉及他们 作为一个特定群体在葡萄牙国家政策和立法框架中得不到承认;其在 史 上对 该国的建设和发展作出积极贡献得不到承认;没有按种族或族裔分列的定性和 定量的分类数据;贫困、获得教育、公共服务和就业机会不平等,以及在行政 和司法制度运作方面的歧视,形成恶性循环;存在种族貌相和警察暴力;在政 治和体制决策进程代表不 足,以及葡萄牙缺少针对非洲人后裔或其他少数群 体的具体措施或扶持行动政策。
daccess-ods.un.org
During their visit, the Working Group found
[...]
that the challenges faced
[...] by people of African descent in Portugal related mainly to their lack of recognition as a specific group in the national policy and legal framework; the lack of recognition of their positive contribution throughout history to the construction and development of the country; the lack of qualitative and quantitative disaggregated data by racial or ethnic origin; the existence of a circle of poverty, unequal access to education, public services, employment, as well as discrimination in the administration and functioning of the justice system; existence of racial profiling and police violence; underrepresentation in political [...]
and institutional decision-making
[...]
processes, as well as the lack of special measures or affirmative action policies in Portugal for people of African descent or other minorities.
daccess-ods.un.org
净减 301 400 美元的原因是:(a) 以下所需追加经费: ㈠ 根据人权理事会第 15/26 号决议成立的审议可否拟订一项关于监管、监测和监督私营军事 和保安公司活动的国际规章框架问题不限成员名额政府间工作组的有关工作人员支助费用、代 表差旅费和其他一般业务费用所产生的其他工作人员费用 代 表 差 旅费;㈡ 为协助特别报告 员代表和 独立专家而产生的工作人员差旅费,以及与加强法制和民主有关的差旅费;㈢ 根 据支出模式,研讨会和讲习班所需经费增多,这一增加额被以下经费的减少所抵销:(b) 因近的支出史而减 少的咨询人和订约承办事务经费。
daccess-ods.un.org
The net increase of $301,400 is due to: (a) additional requirements for (i) other staff costs and travel of representatives due basically to provision for support staff, travel of representatives and other general operating requirements related to the open-ended intergovernmental working group to consider the possibility of elaborating an international regulatory framework on the regulation, monitoring and oversight of the activities of private military and security companies, which was established by the Human Rights Council in
[...]
resolution 15/26; (ii) travel of staff to
[...] provide assistance to the special rapporteurs, representatives and independent experts and travel related to strengthening the rule of law and democracy; and (iii) seminars and workshops, based on the pattern of expenditure; offset by (b) decreased requirements for consultants and contractual services due to recent expenditure history.
daccess-ods.un.org
这包括:兴建中的若开邦首府实兑近 的印度洋海域深海港口以及平行公路、高速铁路、 石油管道和天然气管道,这将建起一个缅甸通往中 国西南部内陆省份的能源和贸易走廊;加叻丹多式 运输项目(Kaladan multi-modal project)将在印度 洋和印度东部沿海地区之间、印度洋和印度东北部 内陆地区之间建起一条交通走廊;以及达维发展项 目(Dawei Development Project),按照计划,该项 目将在缅甸南部修建一个大型工业区和一 现代化 深 海港,以及连通泰国并进一步通至越南的公路和 铁路,这样可以从陆路将货物运送至泰国和越南, 比起经马六甲海峡的海路运输要少花好几天时间。
crisisgroup.org
These include: a deep-sea port
[...] being constructed on the Indian Ocean near the Rakhine State capital of Sittwe, and parallel road, high-speed rail, and oil and natural gas pipelines that will create an energy and trade corridor to China’s landlocked south west; the Kaladan multi-modal project that will create a transportation corridor between the Indian Ocean and India’s eastern seaboard and its landlocked north east; and the Dawei Development Project which, if completed according to plan, would include a large industrial estate and modern deep-sea port in the south, with road [...]
and rail links for
[...]
transhipment of goods to Thailand and on to Vietnam, cutting several days off the sea route through the Straits of Malacca.
crisisgroup.org
在和平时期开展活动时,各国应当采取一切适当的措施,使自己的行为符合保护文化 遗产的要求,尤其是符合 1972 年《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》、1956 年《关于国际考 古发掘原则的建议书》、1968 年《关于保护公共或私人工程危及的文化财产的建议书》、 1972 年《关于在国家一级保护文化和自然遗产的建议书》和 1976 年《关于保护史或传统 建筑群及其现代生活 中的作用的建议书》所确定的原则和宗旨。
unesdoc.unesco.org
When conducting peacetime activities, States should take all appropriate measures to conduct them in such a manner as to protect cultural heritage and, in particular, in conformity with the principles and objectives of the 1972 Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, of the 1956 Recommendation on International Principles Applicable to Archaeological Excavations, the 1968 Recommendation concerning the
[...]
Preservation of Cultural
[...] Property Endangered by Public or Private Works, the 1972 Recommendation concerning the Protection, at National Level, of the Cultural and Natural Heritage and the 1976 Recommendation concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of Historic Areas.
unesdoc.unesco.org
代暴力的各种形式(包括恐怖主义)及其影响问题继续进行了思考,以便让广大 公众了解这现象的历史、社 会经济和文化因素,了解这种现象的后果。
unesdoc.unesco.org
Renewed reflection on contemporary forms of violence, such as terrorism, and their impact was launched with a view to raising public awareness of the historical, socio-economic and [...]
cultural factors underlying this phenomenon and of its consequences.
unesdoc.unesco.org
但作 为同东帝汶有着近 500 年的共同史的国家的代 表,我要以本国代表的身份提出几点。
daccess-ods.un.org
However, as a representative of a country that has had a shared history with Timor-Leste for nearly 500 years, I should [...]
like to raise some points in my national capacity.
daccess-ods.un.org
低碳交通系统
[...] 愿景的一些要素可以包括:(a) 密集但绿色、混合用途城市,在居民区 近 提供 就业及购物和休闲设施;(b) 中心区之现代化高 质量连接,长途枢纽与当地交 通融为一体;(c) 个人汽车使用的高质量替代,特别是高效率的公共交通、良好 [...]
的非机动化交通基础设施及其适当的一体化:(d)
[...]
高效率的多式货物联运和智能 城市物流,其中包括清洁车辆;以及(e) 混合动力引擎、代用燃料、甚至电动摩 托车和汽车等先进技术。
daccess-ods.un.org
Some of the elements of a vision for a lowcarbon transport system could include: (a) dense, but green, and mixed-use cities that
[...]
provide jobs, and shopping
[...] and leisure facilities close to people’s residential areas; (b) modern, high-quality links between [...]
the centres and good
[...]
integration of long-distance hubs with local transportation; (c) high-quality alternatives to individual car use, in particular efficient public transport and good non-motorized transport infrastructure and its proper integration; (d) efficient, intermodal freight transport and smart urban logistics that also include clean vehicles; and (e) advanced technologies such as hybrid engines, alternative fuels or even electric motorbikes and cars.
daccess-ods.un.org
黎巴嫩公民提出这一要求是因为他们 都希望结束近代史上肆 虐为害的恐怖罪行,并使这些攻击行为的受害者能够表 [...]
达自己的意见。
daccess-ods.un.org
This request emanated from the shared desire of Lebanese citizens to put an
[...]
end to the terrorist crimes that
[...] have blighted their recent history and to give a voice [...]
to the victims of such attacks.
daccess-ods.un.org
虽 然在史中地球的气候已存在变化, 近代 人 类的活动如燃料开采、农业工业化和土地资源过度开发 等,都加重了温室气体的排放量,导致温室效应不断增强,促使全球变暖,由此也连带造成极端气候 变化现象。
on-the-move.org
Earth’s climate has varied naturally in the past, but the human activities of burning fossil fuels, industrial agriculture and land use are causing a rapid increase in the concentration of GHGs, which is enhancing the greenhouse effect and resulting in hotter overall mean temperature and variable, extreme weather conditions.
on-the-move.org
近代(1999 年至今)是在伊斯梅尔·奥马尔·盖莱总统领导下,吉布提实现政 治和社会经现代化的振兴时期。
daccess-ods.un.org
The recent period (1999 to date) has seen a new phase of political and socioeconomic modernization under the presidency of Ismail Omar [...]
Guelleh.
daccess-ods.un.org
这些措施令人想现代史上最黑暗的岁 月,即欧洲在第二次世界大战刚开始时,某个国家袭 击并兼并其他国家部分领土。
daccess-ods.un.org
Those measures recalled the
[...] darkest days of modern history when, at the beginning [...]
of the Second World War in Europe, a particular
[...]
State had attacked and annexed parts of other countries.
daccess-ods.un.org
不提及路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达·席尔瓦总统的政府执政以来实施的战 略,则不足以理解近来现的积 极结果,该战略除了保持宏观经济平衡和应对国 家一系列极端薄弱环节外,特别注重在深化巴 西 近代 历 史 上 构 建的权利和体制的 基础上,尤其在重新民主化进程中的再分配。
daccess-ods.un.org
The positive results recently observed cannot be understood without mentioning the strategy implemented since the Government of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office, which, in addition to maintaining macroeconomic balances and facing a series of extreme
[...]
vulnerabilities in the country, was characterized by
[...] a clear preference for redistribution based on the deepening of rights and institutions constructed during Brazil’s recent history, especially in the redemocratization process.
daccess-ods.un.org
再次 纪念首次载人太空飞行的用意在于确 现代史 上那次最引人注目的事件对于人类未来发展与进步的重 [...]
要影响。
daccess-ods.un.org
Commemorating the first human flight to space once again
[...]
acknowledges the relevance of that most
[...] remarkable event of modern history to the future development [...]
and progress of humankind.
daccess-ods.un.org
代表團亦曾與布拉格大主教管轄區的 Václav Malý 主教、外交部 副部長
[...] Helena Bambasová 女士,以及科學研究近代史學會 1989年後 發展部總監 Dr Michal Kopeček [...]
會晤。
legco.gov.hk
The delegation also met Bishop Václav Malý, Archdiocese of Prague; Ms Helena Bambasová, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs; and Dr Michal
[...]
Kopeček, Head of the Department for Post 1989
[...] Development, Institute for Contemporary History of the Academy of Sciences.
legco.gov.hk
甚至在战争结束之后的 60
[...] 多年中,朝鲜民主主义人民共和国美国两国在技 术上始终处于战争状态;现代历史 中 找 不出其他类似的例子。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the United States have been technically at war against
[...]
each other for more than 60 years, even after the end of the war; no comparable
[...] example can be found in modern history.
daccess-ods.un.org
对于十九世纪后期和二十世纪建筑遗存在突尼斯核心地段的振兴是一个重要的和鼓舞人心 的贡献。它会深刻地改变我们对于穆斯林时 近代史 的 认 识,特别是对于殖民地时代文化遗产 的理解。
akdn.org
The revitalisation of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century built heritage in the Hypercentre district-Bab B’Har-of Tunis, is an important and inspiring
[...]
contribution to our changing
[...] understanding of the recent history of the Islamic world, [...]
particularly of the cultural legacy of the colonial era.
akdn.org
这项为期三年的计划由以下五个部分组成:第 1 部分:文化遗产,重点放在国家加强 对文化遗产的合法保护和保存的能力建设方面;第 2 部分:考古遗址和史建筑物,加强对 考古遗址和史建筑物的监管;第 3 部分:博物馆和文化机构:包括修复这类机构的设施、 提供设备和进行工作人员培训;第 4 部分:图书馆和档案馆,主要目的是使国家图书馆和伊 拉克的其它十个图书馆的编目系 现代 化 ,以及进行工作人员培训;和第 5 部分:非物质遗 产,尤其是宣传木卡姆音乐、保护木卡姆档案,以及修复巴格达音乐学院,该学院是一所教 授音乐和芭蕾舞的国立学校。
unesdoc.unesco.org
The programme, which runs over a three-year period, has the following five components: Component 1: Cultural heritage at
[...]
large, focusing on
[...] national capacity-building for increased legal protection and preservation of cultural heritage; Component 2: Archaeological sites and historic buildings, to strengthen the surveillance at archaeological sites and historic buildings; Component 3: Museums and cultural institutions, including rehabilitation of facilities, provision of equipment and staff [...]
training for such
[...]
institutions; Component 4: Libraries and archives, notably aimed at the modernization of the cataloguing system of the National Library and ten other libraries in Iraq, as well as staff; and Component 5: Intangible heritage, in particular the promotion of the practice of Maqam music, the protection of Maqam archives, as well as the rehabilitation of the Melodic Institute in Baghdad, the national school of music and ballet.
unesdoc.unesco.org
关于阿代表团提出的关于审现有 中心的问题,秘书处报告称,在国际水文计划的史 上,只出现过一 个案例,即拉丁美洲及加勒比热带潮湿地区水资源中心(CATHALAC),东道 国政府和教科文组织之间的协议没有续延。
unesdoc.unesco.org
With regard to
[...] the concern raised by the delegate of Oman on the review of existing centres, the Secretariat reported that in the history of IHP there has only been [...]
one case –
[...]
that of the Water Centre for the Humid Tropics of Latin America and the Caribbean (CATHALAC) – where an agreement between the host government and UNESCO was not renewed.
unesdoc.unesco.org
格鲁吉亚政府将寻求建立一个和解机制,使格鲁吉亚、阿布哈兹、奥塞梯人 民能够努力对近代史采取共同的办法,特别注意过去二十年的冲突。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Government of Georgia will seek to establish a reconciliation mechanism to enable Georgian, Abkhaz and
[...]
Ossetian people to work towards common
[...] approaches to their recent history, with particular attention [...]
to the conflicts of the past two decades.
daccess-ods.un.org
在联合国欧洲经委会的三个次区域中,国内生产总值增长率下降最大的次区
[...] 域是欧洲新兴经济体,这既体现在其 2009 年负 6.4%的实际增长水平,也现在 相对于近历史经验而出现的下 降;2009 年的增长率为负 13.7%,低于 2003 [...]
年 至 2007 年的 5 年期间的平均水平。
daccess-ods.un.org
Of the three subregions of ECE, the decline in gross domestic product (GDP) growth was the largest in the European emerging economies both in terms of its actual level in 2009, which was minus
[...]
6.4 per cent, and in terms
[...] of the decline relative to recent historical experience; the growth rate [...]
in 2009 was minus 13.7
[...]
percentage points less than the five-year average of 2003 to 2007.
daccess-ods.un.org
中国当代书画板块一直被认为是一个过度炒作的市场,虽然无法和代 及近现代书画比较,本年度无一作品入围2012年中国纯艺术拍卖TOP100榜 [...]
单,但范曾、何家英、崔如琢等书画家作品市场的迅速发展为此板块市场掀 起了一定的波澜。
imgpublic.artprice.com
The Chinese Contemporary painting and calligraphy segment has always been considered an excessively speculative market, although
[...]
there is no way it can be compared to
[...] traditional and Modern painting and calligraphy - [...]
this year it had no works entering the
[...]
2012 Chinese Fine Art Top 100 list However the rapidly developing market for works by artists such as Fan Zeng, He Jiaying and Cui Ruzhuo set off waves in this segment.
imgpublic.artprice.com
在 “教育局早前”之前加上“鑒於”;在“並強化現時”之後加上“中、 小學”;在 “公民教育”之後加上“及人權教育,將其納入正規課程, 讓學生從小學習基本人權價值及培養公民意識”;在“支持領導;” 之後刪除“及 ”;及在緊接句號之前加上“;及 (六 ) 由於中國歷史是
[...]
培養下一代對國家的歸屬感及認同感的重要元素,加強學生對中
[...] 國歷史的認識,規定中史科為初中必修科目,以期透過學習歷史, 特別是中近代史,讓 學生更瞭解中國的國情,而課程內容亦應 着重針對中國的現實狀況進行客觀分析,以提高學生對國情的瞭 [...]
解 ”。
legco.gov.hk
To add “, given that” after “That”; to add “and human rights education in primary and secondary schools by incorporating them into the formal curricula to enable students to learn the basic values of human rights and cultivate civic awareness when small” after “civic education”; to delete “and” after “leadership;”; and to add “; and (f) as Chinese history is an important element in cultivating the next generation’s sense of belonging to the country and national identity, enhance students’ knowledge of Chinese history and make Chinese History as a compulsory subject in junior secondary school, so
[...]
that through learning history,
[...] especially contemporary Chinese history, students can better [...]
understand the state of affairs
[...]
in China, and the curriculum contents should also focus on conducting objective analyses of the actual situation in China, so as to increase students’ understanding of the state of affairs in the country” immediately before the full stop.
legco.gov.hk
近代制图史学家,例如 G. 马尔科姆·刘易斯(G. Malcolm [...]
Lewis)在《制图之邂逅:解析美洲土著人制图与地图使用》 以及刘易斯和大卫·伍德沃 (David Woodward) 在《制图学史》 中,也都曾用这幅地图作为土著制图的例子。
wdl.org
Recent historians of cartography, [...]
notably G. Malcolm Lewis in Cartographic Encounters: Perspectives on Native American Mapmaking
[...]
and Map Use, and Lewis and David Woodward in History of Cartography, also have used the map as an example of indigenous cartography.
wdl.org
1 在二战之后,产生一个较狭义的国际性发展 概念,并制定了体制、政策、科目形式,以及―― 最重要的一点是,旨在第三世 界减贫的干预措施。2 虽现代发展事业的根源也来自于产生国际人权运动的同 一冲突,但这两个领域在很大程度上是互不相干的,尽管它们有着共同目标,却 在很大程度上保持各处独立的轨迹,一直 近代。
daccess-ods.un.org
Broadly speaking, development refers to processes of social change and to projects meant to transform national economies, particularly in former colonies or third world States.1 A narrower conception of international development evolved after the Second World War with the establishment of institutions, policies, disciplinary formations and – most importantly – practices of intervention aimed toward the alleviation of poverty in the third world.2 Although the
[...]
modern development
[...] enterprise found its roots in the same conflict as that which gave birth to the international human rights movement, the two disciplines have largely existed in parallel and, despite their shared goals, have largely remained separate pursuits until recent times.
daccess-ods.un.org
其它几个会员 国对注重多国需求的努力表示赞赏,但对 近 开 展 的一些制定战略的工作能否取得成果提出 了质疑,因为他们认为,其中很多战略计划没有全面反映会员国的需求或者没有 现现 有的 地区和分地区的协调机制。
unesdoc.unesco.org
Several other Member States, while appreciating efforts to focus
[...]
on cluster needs, questioned the
[...] results of strategic formulations undertaken in the recent past, many of which did not, in their opinion, reflect the full range of Member States’ needs or existing regional and subregional coordination mechanisms.
unesdoc.unesco.org
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