| 单词 | 贬斥 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 贬斥 —denounceless common: demote See also:贬—disparage • depreciate • diminish • censure • demote • reduce or devaluate 斥—reprimand • reprove • expel • saline marsh • reconnoiterAE • oust • (of territory) expand 斥 v—blame v
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种姓制即是显著的实例，种姓制导致了颇大部分人口遭鄙 视贬斥，不啻为侵犯人权的现象。 daccess-ods.un.org | Caste systems are striking examples of systems that lead to the stigmatization of large parts of the population, potentially amounting to violations of human rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
这种心理表现的本身是规避服务和机会的自我排斥、自卑感、自我鄙视、回避社 会行为，并担心暴露本人遭鄙视贬斥 的 状 况。 daccess-ods.un.org | It manifests itself in self-exclusion from services or opportunities, low self-esteem, negative self-perceptions, social withdrawal, and fear of disclosure of one‘s stigmatized status. daccess-ods.un.org |
遭鄙视贬斥者发 言权必 须予以增强，并且扩大他们明确诉求其需求和权利的空间。 daccess-ods.un.org | The voice of the stigmatized must be amplified, and their space must be broadened to clearly articulate their needs and rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
对囚犯的鄙视贬斥，致使他们的需求被置后，他们的基 本人权标准得不到满足。 daccess-ods.un.org | The stigmatization of prisoners results in low priority given to their needs and a failure to meet basic human rights standards. daccess-ods.un.org |
最经常遭鄙视贬斥的个 人是那些由于无法获得用水和卫生设施，生活和健康直接 遭受伤害的人。 daccess-ods.un.org | Most often, stigmatized individuals are the ones whose lives and health are placed directly in jeopardy by lack of access to water and sanitation. daccess-ods.un.org |
赋予权能是关键战略，可使那些正在蒙受鄙 视 贬斥 的 人 们拥有抵制偏见和歧 视的空间。 daccess-ods.un.org | Empowerment should be the key strategy, with those experiencing stigma having space to combat prejudices and discrimination. daccess-ods.un.org |
特 别报告员在她的其它工作领域内探讨了诸多这类情况，然而，她撰写的本报告要 集中阐述的则是，由于成见形成的鄙 视 贬斥 ， 酿 成了侵犯享有用水和卫生设施人 权的现象，使之得以展开详细的辨析，并判定明确适当的应对措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Special Rapporteur addresses many such situations in other areas of her work, but in the present report she focuses on violations of the human rights to water and sanitation emanating from stigmatization, enabling her to conduct a detailed analysis and identify appropriate response measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
编纂上述各条款的论据可转用于众多遭鄙 视 贬斥 的人 们，因为偏见和尊卑贵贱之分，是构成成见观念的核心。 daccess-ods.un.org | The rationale of these provisions can be transferred to stigmatized groups in general, since prejudices and ideas of inferiority and superiority are central to the formation of stigma. daccess-ods.un.org |
(e) 各国必须设立起问责机制，并确保只要出现因鄙 视 贬斥 造 成 的侵犯人 权现象，即可诉诸司法。 daccess-ods.un.org | (e) States must put in place accountability mechanisms and ensure access to justice where stigmatization results in human rights violations. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 各项战略必须涵盖防止和解决现行的成见，以及为遭鄙 视 贬斥 者 提供 补救办法，并惩治出于鄙视贬斥，犯 下侵犯人权行为的肇事者。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) Strategies need to cover prevention and address existing stigma, as well as provide for redress for the stigmatized and punishment for the perpetrators where stigmatization results in human rights violations. daccess-ods.un.org |
所有相关利益攸关方， 包括个人、族群、家庭、民间社会组织、遭鄙 视 贬斥 群 体 组织、传媒和捐助方等 方方面面都有责任抵制成见并应携手配合。 daccess-ods.un.org | All relevant stakeholders, including individuals, communities, families, civil society organizations, networks of stigmatized groups, the media and donors, among many others, have responsibilities to combat stigma and should work together. daccess-ods.un.org |
11 同样，放牧族群和(半) 游牧部族在获 取各类服务方面往往被忽略。12 国家政策可能会力争对土著、放牧或游牧族群 的“文明化”，竭力推动他们在保留地内或城镇贫民窟定居，即使在这些定居 区，用水和卫生服务也不达标，突显出上述种种观念、成见 的 贬斥 与 公 共政策如 何遥相呼应地损害上述各族群。 daccess-ods.un.org | In her missions to Costa Rica and to the United States of America, the Special Rapporteur observed that indigenous communities are disproportionately excluded from access to water and sanitation.11 Similarly, pastoralist communities and (semi-)nomadic tribes are often neglected in terms of access to services.12 State policies may seek to ―civilize‖ indigenous, pastoralist or nomadic communities, pushing them to live on reserves or in urban slums, with substandard water and sanitation services even in these areas, highlighting how attitudes, stigmatization and public policies mutually reinforce each other to the detriment of these communities. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 全国人权机构以及民间社会组织应明确处置成见问题系为其工作的组 成部分；赋予遭鄙视贬斥的个 人申索其权利的权能；并支持各国把处置成见问题 列为其人权义务部分 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) National human rights institutions, as well as civil society organizations, should explicitly address stigma as part of their work, empowering stigmatized individuals to claim their rights and supporting States to address stigma as part of their human rights obligations daccess-ods.un.org |
用以作为制定具体政策和方案的依据，拨出财力和人力资源，旨 在出台基于事实的措施，且凡有必要，即可就面临涉及用水和卫生设施方面 鄙视贬斥的群 体和个人，采取暂行特别措施 daccess-ods.un.org | (iv) Serve as the basis for the design of specific policies and programmes, the allocation of financial and human resources, targeted evidence-based measures and, where needed, temporary special measures for groups and individuals facing stigma in relation to the rights to water and sanitation daccess-ods.un.org |
17 份关于贬斥土著 人精神信仰的种族成见、关于巫术的污称，以及不尊重礼 拜场所和礼拜象征物问题的投诉。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the period from 2004–2008, the national human rights institution of Guatemala had received 17 complaints invoking negative stereotyping of indigenous spirituality, accusations of witchcraft, and disrespect for places and symbols of worship. daccess-ods.un.org |
(b) 为了更深刻地了解这种现象，各国必须通过广泛参与程序，就成见问 题开展综合性研究，辨明遭鄙视贬斥 的 人 口，并且从如何实现用水和卫生设施人 权着手，剖析成见背后的驱动因素。 daccess-ods.un.org | (b) In order to better understand this phenomenon, States must undertake a comprehensive study on stigma, through a widely participatory process, to identify stigmatized populations, as well as to analyse the drivers of stigma in relation to the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation. daccess-ods.un.org |
赋予人们权能支持他们面对、质疑和教育那些对之 持鄙视贬斥态度 的人，并追究国家和其它行为方对歧视和侵犯人权行为的责任。 daccess-ods.un.org | Empowering people supports them in confronting, challenging and educating people who stigmatize them, as well as in holding the State and other actors accountable for discrimination and other human rights violations. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 各国必须制订遏制鄙视贬斥习俗 ，充分履行享有用水和卫生设施人权 的战略，谋划和执行推行用水和卫生设施的行动计划，并为用水和卫生设施部门 筹措资金 daccess-ods.un.org | (a) States must tackle the practice of stigmatization in their strategies for fully realizing the rights to water and sanitation, in the elaboration and implementation of national plans of action for water and sanitation and in financing water and sanitation sectors daccess-ods.un.org |
各国要确保可诉诸、 可承受得起问责机制及时且有效的服务。50 遭受鄙视贬斥的个人往往会遇到一 系列障碍，包括实际、经济或语言障碍，无法向法庭或其它机制投诉。 daccess-ods.un.org | States should ensure accountability mechanisms that are accessible, affordable, timely and effective.50 Stigmatized individuals are often affected by a range of barriers in accessing the courts and other mechanisms, including physical, economic or linguistic barriers. daccess-ods.un.org |
有些时候，当成员国代表以合作的态度前往委员会解决问题时，委员会某些成员会傲 慢无礼地对其加以责问，试图对“察觉到的”罪过方大 加 贬斥。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Representatives of Member States who come before the Committee in a spirit of cooperation with the Committee are sometimes questioned with such disrespect and lack of courtesy by certain Members of the Committee who tend to take a very pejorative stance against the “perceived” guilty party, that it gives the impression that the CR Committee is a tribunal, indeed “playing the role of an international judicial body”. unesdoc.unesco.org |
大会第六十一届会议在本项目下敦促所有会员国 驳 斥 任 何否认大屠杀历史 事件的言论(第 61/255 号决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its sixty-first session, under the current item, the General Assembly urged all Member States to reject any denial of the Holocaust as a historical event (resolution 61/255). daccess-ods.un.org |
为减轻危机造 成的消极影响，该国政府把重点放在以下三个领域：(a) 提高竞争力和促进 多样化；(b) 寻求建立在优惠基础上的双边自由贸易协定为扩大市场提供坚 实的基础；(c) 允许货币贬值以支持出口部门。 daccess-ods.un.org | To mitigate the adverse impacts of the crises, the Government had focused on three areas: (a) improving competitiveness and promoting diversification; (b) pursuing bilateral free trade agreements on a preferential basis to provide a solid basis for market expansion; and (c) permitting currency depreciation to support the export sector. daccess-ods.un.org |
这次金融和经济危机特别是对发展中国家妇女的经济赋权产生了不利影响， 其主要传导机制是：全球出口下降，直接影响到出口部门的生产，然后通过消极倍 [...] 增效应对国内市场产生不利影响(特别是出口依赖型经济国)；发展中国家的资本流 [...] 入骤减；援助具有助长周期性波动的性质；危机对移徙工人产生影响，从而影响到 汇款；随之而出现的是汇率贬值， 影响到国内生产和价格；全球粮价的异常波动产 [...] 生影响；很多发展中国家财政紧缩已经导致重大公共开支的削减和社会发展收益的 [...] 减少，进而影响基本服务的提供，使社会发展成果付之东流，并影响生活品质。 daccess-ods.un.org | The main transmission mechanisms of the financial and economic crisis that have had negative impacts on women’s economic empowerment, especially in developing countries, have been the global decline in exports, which has directly affected production in the export sector and subsequently domestic markets through negative multiplier effects (especially in export-dependent economies); significant declines in capital flows to the developing world; the pro-cyclical nature of aid; the impact of the crisis on migrant workers and [...] therefore on remittances; the consequent [...] exchange rate devaluation, which has affected [...]domestic production and prices; the [...]impact of extreme volatility in global food prices; and the fiscal constraints in many developing countries that have already led to cutbacks in important public expenditures and social development gains, thereby affecting access to basic services, reversing social development gains and adversely affecting their quality of life. daccess-ods.un.org |
采用权责发生制会计和真正的资产会计制，考虑所置财产的使用价值及其不 断 贬值 （折旧），这不仅意味着账目不同，专业做法也不同。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The introduction of full accruals accounting, taking into account the value in use of assets acquired and their gradual depreciation (amortizement), presupposes not only different accounting entries but also different working practices. unesdoc.unesco.org |
通过第一次非正式思考，得出了三位作家之间的五大共性主题：(i)教学在其作品中的 [...] 地位，特别是教育、试验和学习的方式；(ii)努力寻求人与环境和谐的新契约之天性；(iii)通 [...] 过与各种形式的知识的对话，推动科技进步；(iv)以人权与民主应对殖民主义、歧视和政 治、经济、社会和文化方面的排斥现 象 以及(v)艺术，特别是诗歌，是人与自然，人与其同 [...]类之间和解的理想方式。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Five major themes of convergence between these three authors were identified during that first informal reflection process: (i) the place of pedagogy in their work, especially through education, experimentation and learning; (ii) nature, in the form of the desire for the search for a new covenant of solidarity between humanity and its environment; (iii) scientific and technological progress, enriched by dialogue with all forms of knowledge; (iv) human rights and democracy in response to colonialism, [...] discrimination and political, economic, social [...] and cultural exclusion; and, lastly [...](v) art and, in particular, poetry as a form [...]of unique mediation between people and nature, and between individuals and their fellows. unesdoc.unesco.org |
国家减轻贫困的长期目标，包括减轻和预防有子女家庭的贫困，防止有特 殊需要的儿童受排斥，改 善残疾人的独立应付情况，确保老年人有适当的收入， [...] 确保体面的社会援助，防止长期依赖援助和补助。 daccess-ods.un.org | The long-term objectives of the state for reducing poverty include reducing and [...] preventing poverty of families with [...] children, preventing exclusion of children with [...]special needs, improving independent coping [...]of people with disabilities, ensuring adequate income for elderly people, ensuring decent social assistance, and preventing long-term dependency on assistance and benefits. daccess-ods.un.org |
有效的措施和成功的做法有教科文组织国际文化 间和宗教间对话教席网络；利用教科文组织编制的《通史》等材料修改历史教科书；通过有 [...] 关自然资源利用的科学网络和信息管理系统，交流不同的文化背景在具体科学学科上的共同 价值观；创造性地利用媒体和信息渠道，包括广播网络，促进更好地了解其它文化和民族； [...] 开发各种方法和统计手段，更好地了解如何促进多元化，避免文化 排 斥 和 边 缘化；还有各种 促进宽容的教学手段，如各种“路”的活动等。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Successful mechanisms and practices, such as UNESCO’s International Network of Chairs in intercultural and interfaith dialogue; the revision of history textbooks using, inter alia, the General Histories produced by UNESCO; the sharing of common values pertaining to specific scientific disciplines in different cultural settings through dedicated science networks and information management systems on natural resource use; the creative use of media and information channels, including broadcast networks, to promote a better knowledge of other cultures and people; the development of methodological and statistical tools to [...] understand better how to foster pluralism and [...] avoid cultural exclusion and marginalization; [...]and the various pedagogical tools [...]to promote tolerance such as the Roads initiative. unesdoc.unesco.org |
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