| 单词 | 货币主义 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 货币主义 —monetarismSee also:货币 n—currency n • money n 主义 n—nationalism n • socialist n • imperialism n • militarism n 主义—ideology • -ism
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(iii) 不赞成提出由责任国促进文化发展这种选择，因为这可能会削 弱 货币 赔 偿 的义 务。 unesdoc.unesco.org | (iii) disagrees with the option for the Responsible [...] State to contribute to the cultural development because it [...] may weaken the obligation of compensation in monetary terms. unesdoc.unesco.org |
工程处货币风险主要在 于，未收到的非美元捐款和非美元现金资产因美元升 值而可能贬值。 daccess-ods.un.org | UNRWA currency risk can be identified mainly as a potential loss [...] in the value of non-received non-dollar contributions and [...]non-dollar cash assets as a result of a strengthening United States dollar. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了努力遏制资助恐怖主义和伪造货 币，我国政府颁布了关于反洗钱立法的指示，包括设 立金融情报股。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its endeavour to curtail terrorist financing and counterfeiting, the Government has adopted directives for anti-money-laundering legislation, including the establishment of a financial intelligence unit. daccess-ods.un.org |
经社会关切地注意到 保护主义对货物、资本、服务、技术和劳工流动所产生的不利影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission noted with concern the impact [...] of growing protectionism on flows of goods, capital, services, [...]technologies and labour. daccess-ods.un.org |
另一个重大风险是，逐步消除财政赤字的考虑将占 据 主 导 地位，取代其他政 策目标，这会导致过早取消财政和 货币 刺 激 措施，而至少到目前为止，这些措施 一直是巩固需求的主要因 素，(在有些情况下)是推动经济复苏的(唯一)动力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The other major risk is that concern over the need to progressively close fiscal gaps will take precedence over other policy objectives, and that this will lead to a premature withdrawal of fiscal and monetary stimulus measures that, at least thus far, have been the principal factors buttressing demand, and the main (in some cases [...] the only) engine driving economic recovery. daccess-ods.un.org |
又深为关切以色列在包括东耶路撒冷在内整个巴勒斯坦被占领土上实行封 [...] [...] 闭政策，施加严重限制和设立检查站，其中几处已有形同常设过境点的建筑物； 实行许可证制度；所有这些行动阻碍人员和货物，包括医疗和人 道 主义货 物 的 自 由流动，并深为关切由此而来对巴勒斯坦人民人权的侵犯和对巴勒斯坦人民社会 [...] 经济状况的不利影响，这一状况是在加沙地带依然造成人道主义危机，同时表示 [...]注意到该地出入情况方面的最新事态 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing deep concern also about the Israeli policy of closures and the imposition of severe restrictions, checkpoints, several of which have been transformed into structures akin to permanent border crossings, and a permit regime, all of which obstruct [...] the freedom of movement of [...] persons and goods, including medical and humanitarian goods, throughout [...]the Occupied Palestinian [...]Territory, including East Jerusalem, and about the consequent violation of the human rights of the Palestinian people and the negative impact on their socio-economic situation, which remains that of a humanitarian crisis in the Gaza Strip, while taking note of recent developments with regard to the situation of access there daccess-ods.un.org |
这其中主要是 金融刺激政策，诸如政府开支和税务减免，而且也视情况包 括通融性货币政策 ，诸如降低利率和银行收费，行业支持政策及其他协助 调整的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | The measures included primarily fiscal stimulus policies, such as government spending and tax reductions, but also, where appropriate, accommodative monetary policies, such [...] as reduced interest [...]rates and bank charges, sectoral support policies and other measures to facilitate adjustments. daccess-ods.un.org |
澳元相对美元和欧元 等世界主要货币越来 越有竞争力，因此，到澳大利亚旅游花费有所上升。 studyinaustralia.gov.au | The Australian dollar has become increasingly [...] competitive against major international currencies like [...]the US dollar and the euro, so the [...]country is a less economical destination than it used to be. studyinaustralia.gov.au |
深为关切以色列通过实行实际上等同于封锁的长期关闭做法和严厉的经济 和出入限制措施、强行关闭过境点、建立检查站及实行许可制度，继续在包括东 耶路撒冷在内的整个巴勒斯坦被占领土奉行关闭和严格限制人员和货物，包括医 护和人道主义人员和货物出 入的政策，深为关切这样做对仍然是一场重大人道主 义危机的巴勒斯坦人民的社会经济状况，对旨在恢复和发展遭到破坏的巴勒斯坦 经济的努力，并对被占领土的毗连产生不利影响 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing deep concern about the continuing Israeli policy of closures and severe restrictions on the movement of persons and goods, including medical and humanitarian personnel and goods, via the imposition of prolonged closures and severe economic and movement restrictions that in effect amount to a blockade, crossing closures, checkpoints and a permit regime throughout the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the consequent negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the Palestinian people, which remains that of a dire humanitarian crisis, as well as on efforts aimed at rehabilitating and developing the damaged Palestinian economy and on the contiguity of the Territory daccess-ods.un.org |
又重申承诺在国家一级以及在全球范围内创造有利于发展和消除贫穷 的环境，途径包括促进各国国内和国际一级的善治，消除保 护 主义 ， 提 高金融、 货币和贸 易体系的透明度，并致力促进开放、公平、有章可循、可预测和不歧视 的多边贸易和金融体系 daccess-ods.un.org | Also reaffirms the commitment to create an environment at both the national and the global levels that is conducive to development and to the eradication of poverty by, inter alia, promoting good governance within each country and at the [...] international level, [...] eliminating protectionism, enhancing transparency in the financial, monetary and trading systems [...]and committing to [...]an open, equitable, rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory multilateral trading and financial system daccess-ods.un.org |
粮农组织对非自由兑换货币的定义是 ， 没有市场 的 货 币 或 者在粮农组织的银行中只 出售不购买的货币。 fao.org | FAO defines non-freely convertible currencies as those for which either [...] no market exists or those which FAO’s corporate [...]bank will only sell and not buy. fao.org |
在这种情况下， 为了最大限度地利用可利用的资金，该地区办事处开展了几 项 主 要利 用当地货币的项目。 unesdoc.unesco.org | To make the best use of the available funds in these circumstances, the Regional Office initiated [...] several projects that utilized primarily local currency. unesdoc.unesco.org |
除这些金融改革措施外， 还需要对全球储备系统进行深刻的改革，其方向是减少对美元作为单 一 主 要 储备 货币的依赖，包括更好地集合国际储备(例如通过国际货币基金组织和区域金融 合作机制的更密切的合作)，提高特别提款权作为国际流动资金的作用，同时扩 大特别提款权的货币篮子，把主要发 展中国家 的 货币 包 括 在内。 daccess-ods.un.org | These sets of financial reforms will need to be complemented by deeper reforms of the global reserve systems in a direction of lesser [...] dependence on the [...] dollar as the single major reserve currency, including through better pooling of reserves internationally (e.g., through closer cooperation between IMF and the regional mechanisms of financial cooperation) and enhancing the role of special drawing rights (SDRs) as international liquidity, while expanding the basket of SDR currencies, including with currencies from major developing countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
一些代表指出，主要货币币值的 大幅度波动也影响到原油价格。 daccess-ods.un.org | Some delegates observed that the large swings [...] in the value of major currencies have also impacted [...]on oil prices. daccess-ods.un.org |
在国际淡水年之际，并在第三次京都世界水论坛之前举行的这次谈话，共邀请了四位国际闻 [...] 名的专家与会：埃及水资源和灌溉部部长、世界水理事会主席 Mahmoud Abu - Zeid [...] 先生； 法国科学院院士、国民教育、研究和技术部前部长 Claude Allegre 先生；国际水事筹资小组 主席、国际货币基金组织前总干事 Michel Camdessus 先生和科学家、未来展望学家 Charles Vorosmarty。 unesdoc.unesco.org | This Talk, held on the occasion of the International Year of Freshwater and in the run-up to the Third World Water Forum in Kyoto, brought together four leading international experts: Mr Mahmoud Abu-Zeid, Egyptian Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation and President of the World Water Council (WWC), Mr Claude Allègre, member of the French Academy of Sciences and former French Minister of Education, Research and [...] Technology, Mr Michel [...] Camdessus, Chairman of the World Panel on Financing Water Infrastructure and former Managing Director of the IMF, and [...]scientist and futurologist Charles Vörösmarty. unesdoc.unesco.org |
又深为关切以色列在包括东耶路撒冷在内整个巴勒斯坦被占领土上实行阻 碍人员和货物，包括医疗和人道主义 人 员 及 货 物 ， 自由流动的封闭政策，严厉设 限和施行准证制度，并深为关切由此而来对巴勒斯坦人民人权的侵犯和对巴勒斯 [...] 坦人民社会经济状况的不利影响，这一状况特别是在加沙地带依然造成严峻的人 道主义危机 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing deep concern also about the Israeli policy of closures, severe restrictions, and a permit regime that obstruct the [...] freedom of movement of persons and goods, including [...] medical and humanitarian personnel and goods, throughout [...]the Occupied Palestinian [...]Territory, including East Jerusalem, and about the consequent violation of the human rights of the Palestinian people and the negative impact on their socio-economic situation, which remains that of a dire humanitarian crisis, particularly in the Gaza Strip daccess-ods.un.org |
2004 年，四个黑海国家-罗马尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、土耳其和乌克兰－根据联 [...] 合国宪章的原则以及安全理事会关于要求所有国家集合其力量打击恐 怖 主义和 非法货物和大规模毁灭性武器及其运载系统贩运的第 [...]1373(2001)号、第 1540(2004)号和第 1566(2004)号决议，制定了良好的 “黑海协调行动”。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2004, four Black Sea States — Romania, the Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine — founded operation “Black Sea harmony”, in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and Security Council resolutions 1373 (2001), 1540 (2004) and 1566 (2004), [...] which call upon all States to pool their [...] efforts to combat terrorism and trafficking in [...]illicit goods and weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
最新公布的经济数据显示，2012年末， 广 义货币 ( M 2 )余 额 15 .4 3万亿 美 金 （97.42万亿元人民币），同比增长13.8%，货币供给量已经接近百万亿元的高 位 水 平 ；狭 义 货 币 ( M1 )余额4.89万亿美金（30.87万亿元人民币），同比增长 6.5%，比2012年二季度的同比增长率高出1.8个百分点，显示出实体经济资金 活跃度的提升。 imgpublic.artprice.com | The latest economic data shows [...] that at the end of 2012, [...] the broad money (M2) balance was $15.43 trillion (CNY97.42 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 13.8%), and money supply already approaching the $100 trillion threshold; the narrow money (M1) balance was of $4.89 trillion (CNY30.87 trillion, [...]a year-on-year growth [...]of 6.5%), 1.8 percentage points higher than the year-on-year growth rate in the second quarter of 2012, indicating that real economic funds are picking up. imgpublic.artprice.com |
根据新法，工业、贸易和劳工部(工贸和劳工 部)将向鼓励和帮助妇女在其单位就业的私营部门雇主，以及改造工作场所和修 改工作条件以满足妇女和家长需求的 雇 主 提 供 货币 奖 励。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to the new Law, monetary incentives will be granted by the Minister of Industry, Trade and Labor (hereinafter: “ITL”) to employers in the private sector who endeavor to integrate and [...] promote women in their [...] business, as well as employers who modify the workplace and work conditions to [...]the needs of women and parents. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了防止投机行为和羊群 行为主宰货币流动 和其他宏观经济变量的运行，需要采取有系统的措施，包括阻 [...] 止影响稳定的短期资本流动的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | Systematic measures, including measures to discourage [...] shortterm destabilizing capital flows, are needed [...]to prevent speculative and herding behaviour [...]from dominating currency movements and those of other macroeconomic variables. daccess-ods.un.org |
秘书长代表促请所有行为者，包括事实上的当局以及有领土控制的武装集 团，允许人道主义能够安全、及时、无条件和不受阻碍地进入，特别是保证向所 有这些流离失所者提供人道主义货物。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Representative urges all actors, including de facto authorities and armed groups with territorial control, to grant [...] safe, timely, [...] unconditional and unimpeded humanitarian access, in particular to ensure delivery of humanitarian goods to all those displaced. daccess-ods.un.org |
但 2011 年以后，厄立特里亚新设立的采矿部门，特别是金 矿，可能成为该国硬通货币的主要来 源。 daccess-ods.un.org | From 2011 onwards, however, Eritrea’s newly emerging mining sector — especially gold — is likely to become [...] the country’s principal source of hard currency. daccess-ods.un.org |
尤其就加沙而言，欧洲联盟呼吁全面实施安全理 事会第 1860(2009)号决议，充分尊重国际人道主义 法，并立即、持续及无条件地开放过境点，让包括从 西岸运出的货物在内的人道主义援助 、商 业 货 物 及人 员能够进出加沙。 daccess-ods.un.org | As regards Gaza in particular, the European Union calls for the full implementation of Security Council resolution 1860 (2009), for the full respect of international humanitarian law and for an immediate, sustained and unconditional [...] opening of crossings [...] for the flow of humanitarian aid, commercial goods and persons to and from Gaza, including goods from the West Bank. daccess-ods.un.org |
为协助 各国对付针对粮食生产的恐怖主义而 开 展的活动包括：(a) 进行关于食品安全、 [...] 动植物健康问题的能力建设(培训班、各种项目),包括促进风险分析和加强基层 能力，以确保国家能够监测、诊断、报告和应对病虫害和疾病的爆发；(b) 食品 标准法典委员会和国际植物保护公约制定有关标准；(c) [...]设立一个食物链管理框 架以便对跨界动植物病虫害和疾病造成的食物链危机、粮食安全威胁和紧急情 况，以及对核放射性威胁级紧急情况，进行预防、预警、防备和应对工作；组织 国际论坛讨论与粮食和农业相关的生物风险管理问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Specific activities that assisted countries in [...] relation to terrorism targeted at [...]food products included: (a) capacity-building [...](training courses, projects) concerning food safety, animal and plant health, including promotion of risk analyses and developing base-level capacity to ensure national ability to monitor, diagnose, report and respond to pest and disease outbreaks; (b) the standard setting work of the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the International Plant Protection Convention; (c) the establishment of a Food Chain Crisis Management Framework for prevention, early warning, preparedness and response to food chain crises caused by transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases, food safety threats and emergencies, as well as nuclear and radiological threats and emergencies; and the organization of international forums to discuss biological risk management in relation to food and agriculture. daccess-ods.un.org |
冈比亚还报告称，它继 [...] 续开展合作，在受影响地区的社区进行雷险教育，而且拥有一支训练有素、装备 完善的人道主义排雷队，时刻准备应对任何紧急情况。 daccess-ods.un.org | Gambia also reported that it continues in collaborate to deliver mine risk education in communities in the [...] affected areas and has a well trained and [...] fully equipped humanitarian demining team [...]which is always ready to respond to any emergencies. daccess-ods.un.org |
另外一个可能性是，可能会导致货币失衡，并且随 着闲置产能空间的不断缩小，如果中央银行决定干预，尽可能买 进 货币 以 捍 卫名 义和实 际平价，则可能引起通货膨胀压力(该区域一些国家目前正在出现这种情 况)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Another possibility is that it could lead to a monetary imbalance that, with narrowing idle production [...] capacity margins, [...] could set off inflationary pressures (as is currently occurring in some countries of the region) were central banks to intervene by buying currency to defend [...]nominal and real parity as much as possible. daccess-ods.un.org |
在不以银行为基础的模式中，可能有电 子 货币 和 移 动 货币 的 发 行 主 体、 负责将现金和电子移动货币相互转换的现金出纳代理人，以及传统的商家。 daccess-ods.un.org | The non-bank-based model could feature electronic and mobile money issuers, cash-in and cash-out agents in charge of converting cash into electronic mobile money and vice versa, and traditional merchants. daccess-ods.un.org |
2008 年，以色列议会颁布了第 5768-2008 [...] 号《鼓励提高妇女地位、安排妇 女就业和根据妇女需要调整工作岗位法》(《鼓励提高妇女地位、安排妇女就业 [...] 和根据妇女需要调整工作岗位法》)，向努力吸纳和促进妇女在本企业就业的私 营部门雇主以及根据妇女和育有子女者的需要改进工作场所和工作条件的 雇 主提 供货币奖励。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2008, the Knesset enacted the Encouragement of the Advancement and Integration of Women in the Work force and the Adjustment of Work places to Women’s Needs Law 5768-2008, (the “Encouragement of the Advancement and Integration of Women in the Work force and the Adjustment of Work places to Women’s Needs Law”) granting monetary incentives to employers in the private sector who endeavour to integrate and [...] promote women in their [...] business, as well as employers who modify the workplace and work conditions to the [...]needs of women and parents. daccess-ods.un.org |
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