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External sources (not reviewed)

[...] [...] non-judicial complaints mechanisms [...]

The Government stressed that the reparations included in the law would have been solely administrative and in no way would have conflicted with, or restricted a victim’s right to take the perpetrator of the acts to court to obtain redress.

However, diverging views were expressed on the question whether the notice of arbitration should be published at the early stage of the initiation of the arbitral proceedings, before the constitution of the arbitral tribunal, in particular taking account of the fact that, where applied to ad hoc arbitration under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules, the rules on transparency could not rely on an institution to handle issues that might arise before the constitution of the arbitral tribunal (A/CN.9/717, para. 62).

In signing, the parties undertook inter alia to support the holding of free, open and transparent democratic elections, to respect the verdict of the ballot box and, should it be challenged, to have recourse to legal judicial proceedings.

[...] [...] unions), ensuring access to justice and [...] [...]

[...] [...] and without resort to violence, expressed [...] [...]

[...] [...] adoption of an agreement; and that question was entirely arbitrable.

Being concerned at the continuous erosion of multilateralism in the field of arms regulation, non-proliferation and disarmament, and recognizing that a resort to unilateral actions by Member States in resolving their security concerns would jeopardize international peace and security and undermine confidence in the international security system as well as the foundations of the United Nations itself

Member States should ensure that women have equal protection under the law and equal access to justice in order to facilitate efforts by Governments to prevent and sanction acts of violence against women through comprehensive and coordinated policies and strategies and to deal with all forms of violence against women within the criminal justice system.

The Council also called for an immediate halt to all acts of violence, a resort to national dialogue, a response to the legitimate demands of the Libyan people and respect for their rights to demonstrate and exercise their freedom of expression, so as to prevent further bloodshed, preserve peace, the territorial integrity of Libya and civil order and ensure the safety of Libyan citizens.

[...] [...] facilitate the right to complaint, in addition to [...]

[...] [...] profession; and access to courts and justice.

(h) If the country has succeeded in securing the restitution of a stolen cultural object, describe the circumstances and state whether that involved legal proceedings, arbitration or alternative dispute resolution.

Further preventive measures may include awareness-raising campaigns to combat discrimination; access to justice, including removing linguistic, social and cultural barriers to improve access; support and assistance to migrant victims; measures to improve relations between migrants and the police; as well as media relations with migrant communities.

A common corollary is obviously that justice cannot be denied to a person for lack of financial resources or other discriminatory reasons.

Notable developments occurred in the areas of penal reform and alternatives to imprisonment in Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa and Asia; juvenile justice in the Middle East and North Africa; access to justice and legal aid in Africa; police reform in East Africa; prevention of crime and violence in Latin America and the Caribbean; and prevention of domestic violence and violence against women in Latin America, Southern Africa and East Asia.

[...] provide for the prosecution of cases of [...] [...]

[...] [...] matter to court as such action would [...] [...]

Consequently, individuals can be protected from environmental harm either by directly negotiating with and seeking compensation from polluters and/or through administrative and judicial procedures.

It was noteworthy that the complainant filed his claim of having been tortured three months after his arrest and that he did not have recourse to any international body until after his conviction for the offence of terrorism.

[...] [...] are seeking recourse to the Security Council [...] [...]

(a) To ensure that their constitutional and legislative systems provide adequate and effective guarantees of freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief to all without distinction, inter alia, by providing access to justice and effective remedies in cases where the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief or the right to freely practise one’s religion, including the right to change one’s religion or belief, is violated

Regarding Security Sector Reform and the rule of law, the focus will be on: (a) the implementation of a national holistic Security Sector Reform strategy, including support through the ECOWAS/CPLP road map; (b) demobilization in the defence and security sectors and progress in the vetting and certification process for policing and internal security personnel, in accordance with gender and human rights standards; (c) increasing access to justice for the most vulnerable and strengthening the justice sector, including penitentiary reform, to address impunity and combat drug trafficking and transnational crime; and (d) coordination and resource mobilization activities for the pension fund and related initiatives, including reinsertion and reintegration arrangements, through a high-level Security Sector Reform event.

Since 1 January 2004, everyone has the right of recourse to the Chancellor of Justice with a request to verify whether a state or local government agency or body, a legal person in public law, or a natural or legal person in private law who is performing public functions complies with the principle of ensuring fundamental rights and freedoms and the principle of good administration.