| 单词 | 菌陈蒿 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 菌陈蒿 —tarragonSee also:菌 n—bacteria pl • fungi n • fungus n • mold n • mushroom n 陈 v—state v • explain v • narrate v 陈—stale • lay out • Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589) • vassal state during the Spring and Autumn Period 770-475 BC • surname Chen 蒿—give off • celery wormwood (Artemisia carvifolia) • weed
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表示关切世界上几个区域的抗药性疟 疾 菌 株 有所增加，吁请会员国在世 界卫生组织和其他伙伴的支持下，加强药物和杀虫剂抗药性监测系统，并吁请世 界卫生组织就全球药物和杀虫剂抗药性监测网络进行协调，确保全面开展药品和 杀虫剂的测试，以便加强对现有的杀虫剂和 青 蒿 素 类复方疗法的使用 daccess-ods.un.org | about the increase in resistant strains [...] of malaria in several regions of the world, and calls upon Member States, with support from the World Health Organization and other partners, to strengthen surveillance systems for drug and insecticide resistance and upon the World Health Organization to coordinate a global network for the monitoring of drug and insecticide resistance and to ensure that drug and insecticide testing is fully operational in order to enhance the use of current insecticide- and artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies daccess-ods.un.org |
预计书记官处能实现各项目标和预期成绩，前提是：(a) 前南斯拉夫各国在 提供信息及其他形式的援助方面予以合作；(b) 诉讼程序不会因法庭无法控制的 原因而出现延误，如被告人患病、出乎意料的材料披露、请求更换辩护律师、请 求复审已审案件、影响诉讼程序的其他动议以及没有证人 对 陈 述 予以证明及提供 证词；(c) 法庭工作人员的更替率在可接受的范围内。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Registry is expected to meet its objective and expected accomplishments on the assumption that: (a) the States of the former Yugoslavia cooperate in the provision of information and other forms of assistance; (b) there are no delays in the proceedings for reasons beyond the Tribunal’s control, such as illness of the accused, unforeseen disclosure of material, requests for replacement of defence counsel, requests for review of cases already tried, other motions affecting the proceedings or the non-availability of witnesses to certify statements and provide testimony; and (c) the turnover rate of the Tribunal’s staff remains within acceptable limits. daccess-ods.un.org |
(b) 通过加强切实有效的预防和治疗战略，其中包括确保提供价廉、 优质和有效药物(包括青蒿素疗 法以及长效驱虫蚊帐)，强化为应对疟疾挑战 [...] 制定的各项政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | (b) Enhancing policies established to address the challenges of malaria by strengthening effective prevention and treatment strategies, including ensuring the availability of [...] affordable, good-quality and effective medicines, [...] including artemisinin-based therapy, [...]as well as long-lasting insecticide-treated bednets. daccess-ods.un.org |
(g) 保持国家努力和方案，在国际社会的支持下，通过加强有效的预防、诊 断和治疗策略，包括通过确保提供负担得起的、优质、有效的药品和非专利药品， 包括青蒿素综 合疗法，确保在使用长效、安全、经过杀虫剂处理的蚊帐来防止疟 疾方面取得的成果，以及加速有关开发疟疾疫苗的持续性研究，应对疟疾带来的 挑战；(h) 继续努力防治被忽视的热带疾病，提供疟疾和结核病防治服务，包括改 daccess-ods.un.org | (g) Sustaining national efforts and programmes, with the support of the international community, to address the challenges posed by malaria by strengthening effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies, including by ensuring the accessibility to and availability of affordable, quality and effective medicines, generics, including artemisinin-combination therapy, as well as progress in the use of long-lasting, safe insecticide-treated bed nets to combat malaria and strengthening ongoing research for the prompt development of malaria vaccines daccess-ods.un.org |
该计划由世卫组织总干事 于 2011 年 1 月推出，呼吁所有伙伴进行合作，以期阻止有抗药性寄生虫的传播； 增加对青蒿素抗 药性的监测；提高获得疟疾诊断检测和 青 蒿 素 综合疗法合理治疗 的机会；投资于青蒿素抗 药性相关的研究工作；并激励采取行动和调集资源。 daccess-ods.un.org | The plan, launched by the WHO Director-General in January 2011, calls on all partners to collaborate in order to stop the spread of resistant parasites; increase [...] monitoring and [...] surveillance for artemisinin resistance; improve access to malaria diagnostic testing and rational treatment with artemisininbased combination therapies; invest in artemisinin resistance-related [...]research; and [...]motivate action and mobilize resources. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据教科文组织的《性别平等行动计划》，重点强调，要加强媒体内容中的性别视 角，减少性别陈规定型观点，与此同时，倡导妇女在媒体领域决策职位上的机会平等。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In line with UNESCO’s Gender Equality Action Plan, strong emphasis was placed on fostering gender perspectives in media content and on reducing gender stereotyping, while at the same time advocating for equal opportunities in decision-making positions for women in the media. unesdoc.unesco.org |
最后，对奴隶制的后果进行分析，有助于我们从应当 [...] 牢记和提高警惕的伦理义务角度考虑，更深入的探讨种族主 义 陈 词 滥 调的顽症和为现代社 会，最常见的是多文化和多种族社会的文化间对话提供的机会。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Lastly, the review of the consequences of slavery has made it [...] possible to examine more closely the [...] persistence of racial stereotyping as well as the [...]opportunities for intercultural dialogue [...]in modern-day societies, almost always multicultural and multi-ethnic, in fulfilment of a duty to remember and the ethical obligation to be vigilant. unesdoc.unesco.org |
儿童基金会正与全球基金和世卫组织合作，以从国际药品采购机制UNITAID获取资金，支持抗疟疾药物的采购，特别是 青 蒿 素 综 合疗法（ACT）所需药物。 unicef.org | UNICEF is partnering with the Global Fund and WHO to access funds from UNITAID to support procurement of antimalarial medicines, specifically ACTs. unicef.org |
安全理事会还决定，第 1540(2004)号决议所定任何义务均不得解释为与《不 扩散核武器条约》(《核不扩散条约》)、《禁止发展、生产、储备和使用化学武 器及销毁此种武器的公约》(《化学武器公约》)以及《关于禁止发展、生产和储 存细菌(生物 )及毒素武器和销毁此种武器的公约》(《生物武器公约》)缔约国的 权利和义务相抵触或对其加以改变，或改变国际原子能机构(原子能机构)或禁止 化学武器组织的责任。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Security Council also decided that none of the obligations set forth in resolution 1540 (2004) should be interpreted so as to conflict with or alter the rights and obligations of States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (Chemical Weapons Convention) and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction (Biological Weapons Convention), or alter the responsibilities of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) or the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). daccess-ods.un.org |
印楝提炼物可以被用 [...] 来抵御袭击粮食作物的许许多多的害虫和 真 菌 疾 病 ；树种榨出的油被用来治疗感冒和流 [...] 感；将油混在肥皂里，据说能够以低成本缓解疟疾、皮肤病甚至脑膜炎的病情。 iprcommission.org | Neem extracts can be used against [...] hundreds of pests and fungal diseases that attack [...]food crops; the oil extracted from its [...]seeds is used to treat colds and flu; and mixed in soap, it is believed to offer low cost relief from malaria, skin diseases and even meningitis. iprcommission.org |
需要向国家药物监管当局 提供更多的援助，以逐渐停止使用青 蒿 素 类 口服药物。 daccess-ods.un.org | Greater assistance to national drug regulatory authorities is required in order to [...] phase out oral artemisinin-based medicines. daccess-ods.un.org |
危害包括 但不限于：机械危害(如碰撞、跌倒、滑倒/绊倒、缠绕、与设备有关的伤害)、 物理危害(如噪音、振动、光、辐射、电、窒息、冷应激、热应激)、化学危害(如 [...] 酸、贱金属和重金属相关危害)、接触铅溶剂和微粒(如石棉)、接触烟雾和高放 [...] 射性化学物质、火/火灾/爆炸、生物危害(如 细 菌 、 病 毒、 真 菌 、 血 源性病原体、 肺结核)、心理社会危害(如压力、暴力、性骚扰)和不良人体工程学设计造成的 [...]肌肉骨骼疾病。 daccess-ods.un.org | Hazards include, but are not limited to: mechanical hazards (e.g., collisions, falls, slips/trips, entanglements, equipment-related injuries); physical hazards (e.g., noise, vibration, lighting, radiation, electricity, asphyxiation, cold stress, heat stress); chemical hazards (e.g., related to acid and base heavy metals); exposure to lead solvents and particulates (e.g., asbestos); exposure to fumes and highly reactive chemicals; fires, [...] conflagrations and explosions; [...] biological hazards (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi, blood-borne [...]pathogens, tuberculosis); psychosocial [...]hazards (e.g., stress, violence, sexual harassment); and musculoskeletal disorders resulting from bad ergonomic design. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据负担得起的抗虐药物筹资机制(一个由全球抗击 艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金管理的试点计划)，将同疟疾的 青 蒿 素 类 复方疗法生 产者谈判较低的价格，回报以有保证的市场和临时补贴，以便取代市场上老式、 低效(但廉价)的替代疗法。 daccess-ods.un.org | Under the Affordable Medicines Facility — malaria (AMFm), a pilot scheme managed by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, lower prices are negotiated with producers of artemisininbased combination therapies for malaria, in return for an assured market and a temporary subsidy, as a means of displacing older and less effective (but cheaper) alternatives from the market. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，2009 年非洲区域的国家疟疾防治方案分发的 青 蒿 素 综 合疗法疗程数 量超过了所进行诊断检测总数(显微镜和快速诊断检测方法)的 2.4 倍，表明许多 患者仍未经确证诊断便接受了青蒿素 综 合疗法。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, the [...] number of artemisinin-based combination therapy courses distributed by national malaria control programmes in the African Region in 2009 exceeded the total number of diagnostic tests carried out (microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests) by a factor of 2.4, indicating that many patients are still receiving artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies without confirmatory diagnosis. daccess-ods.un.org |
为应对这 [...] 一对全球疟疾防治努力构成的严重威胁，世卫组织与减疟伙伴关系的 100 多个利 益攸关方合作制订了《抑制青蒿素抗药性全球计划》。 daccess-ods.un.org | In response to this grave threat to global malaria control efforts, WHO worked with more than 100 [...] stakeholders across the Roll Back Malaria Partnership to develop the [...] Global Plan for Artemisinin Resistance Containment. daccess-ods.un.org |
(1) 繼續加強消渴丸、華佗再造丸等本集團支柱產品的市場細分和管理工作，提高這些 產品的市場佔有率；做好昆仙膠囊（原名「風濕 平膠囊」）、青蒿素、 靈芝孢子油、狂 犬病疫苗等本集團新產品的產業化與市場策劃及宣傳推廣工作，努力培育開發新的 二、三線產品。 equitynet.com.hk | (1) To continuously enhance the market segmenting and management of the key products of the Group such as Xiao Ke Wan and Hua Tuo Zai Zao Wan, so as to increase their respective market share, focus on the industrialization of and make a sound market planning and promotion of new products of the Group such as Kun Xian capsule (formerly known as “Feng Shi Ping capsule”), Artemisinin, Ganoderma Lucidum Spore Oil and Rabies Bacterin, and endeavored to nurture and develop new tier II and tier III products. equitynet.com.hk |
通过综合性儿童生存方案，儿童基金会支持各国政府和合作伙伴，通过当地医疗保健设施，采用新高效的 青 蒿 素 综合疗法治疗疟疾，采用新生儿与儿童疾病综合管理方法逐渐在家庭内治疗疟疾。 unicef.org | Through integrated child survival programming, UNICEF supports national governments and partners for treatment of malaria with the new and highly effective ACTs through static health facilities, and increasingly for treatment of malaria in the home as part of IMNCI. unicef.org |
土库曼斯坦已经批准了一些国际公约和协议，实施其裁军义务：《关于禁止 [...] 发展、生产、储存和使用化学武器及销毁此种武器的公约》、《不扩散核武器条约》、 《关于禁止发展、生产和储存细菌(生 物 )及毒素武器和销毁此种武器的公约》、 《关于禁止使用、储存、生产和转让杀伤人员地雷及销毁此种地雷的公约》、《全 [...]面禁止核试验条约》、《制止恐怖主义爆炸的国际公约》、《打击非法制造和贩运枪 [...] 支及其零部件和弹药的议定书》，以及《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Turkmenistan has ratified a number of international conventions and agreements for the implementation of its disarmament obligations: the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction; the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; the Convention on the [...] Prohibition of the Development, Production and [...] Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and [...]Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction; [...]the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction; the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty; the International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings; the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition; and the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. daccess-ods.un.org |
这方面的经验 与使用青蒿素综 合疗法产生的大量经费结余和改进疟疾监测有关。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such experiences have been linked with large savings in [...] the use of artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies and with improved malaria surveillance. daccess-ods.un.org |
世卫组 织建议停止将口服青蒿素单 一疗法用于治疗无并发症的疟疾，应将其撤出市场， 换成青蒿素综合疗法。 daccess-ods.un.org | WHO recommends [...] that oral artemisinin-based monotherapies not be used for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria and that they be withdrawn from the market and replaced with artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies. daccess-ods.un.org |
在塞内加尔，2007 年启用快速诊断检测后，疟疾诊断检 测率从 4%迅速上升至 86%(截至 2009 年)；在整个期间内青蒿素综 合疗法处方的 使用率从占疑似疟疾的发热疾病的 73%降至 32%，几乎等于已确诊的疟疾病例(占 58.5 万个疑似发热病例中的 30%)，避免了采用 50 多万个不适合利用青蒿素综合 疗法处方的疗程。 daccess-ods.un.org | In Senegal, following the introduction of rapid diagnostic tests in 2007, malaria diagnostic testing rates rose rapidly from 4 per cent to 86 per cent (by 2009); the prescription of artemisininbased combination therapy dropped throughout this period from 73 per cent of malaria-like febrile illness to 32 per cent, reaching close equivalence to confirmed malaria (30 per cent of 585,000 suspected fever cases). daccess-ods.un.org |
需要向国家药物监管当局提供更多的援助，以逐 步使口服青蒿素单 一疗法药物退出市场。 daccess-ods.un.org | Greater assistance to national drug regulatory authorities is required to phase [...] out oral artemisinin-based monotherapies [...]from the market. daccess-ods.un.org |
强烈建议采用固定剂量的青蒿素类复方疗法，而不是 联合包装或联合配制的各种散装药物。 daccess-ods.un.org | Artemisinin-based fixed-dose combinations [...] are strongly preferable to loose individual medicines that are co-blistered or co-dispensed. daccess-ods.un.org |
与 2006 年相比，青蒿素综 合疗法的使用率有所提高，但在大多数非洲国家 仍然很低；在 2007-2008 年期间接受调查的 13 个国家中，11 个国家有发烧病史 的 5 岁以下幼儿接受青蒿素综 合疗法的比例不到 15%，远低于世界卫生大会 80% 的目标。 daccess-ods.un.org | The use of artemisinin combination therapies has increased compared with 2006 but remains very low in most African countries; in 11 of the 13 countries surveyed during the period 2007-2008, fewer than 15 per cent of children under 5 years of age with a history of fever had received an artemisinin combination [...] therapy, well below the [...]World Health Assembly target of 80 per cent. daccess-ods.un.org |
越来越多的疟原虫对过去治疗中最广泛使用的抗疟药，氯喹和周效磺胺-乙胺嘧啶产生了抗药性，这已促使六十八个国家改变其国民待遇议定书，以纳入新高效的 青 蒿 素 综 合疗法（ACT）。 unicef.org | Increasing resistance of the malaria parasite to chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine — previously the most widely used antimalarial treatments — has prompted sixty-eight countries to change their [...] national treatment protocols to incorporate the new and [...] highly-effective artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies or ACTs. unicef.org |
为方便获取高质量药品所采取的措施中，2006 年主要是将 胰岛素的价格降为 3 000 非洲金融共同体法郎、148 增加了抗逆转录病毒的储量、 增强艾滋病毒/艾滋病快速检测、将通过口头途径对简单疟疾进行的自主治疗撤 出国内市场，以避免疟原虫抗体的发展、设立 青 蒿 素 基 础上的联合疗法(ACT)、 制定第一版必需药品等量表、让所有病人免费使用抗逆转录病毒。 daccess-ods.un.org | Measures taken to enhance access to quality medication include the 2006 reduction of the price of insulin to CFAF 3,000148 , the increase in ARV stocks and rapid HIV/AIDS tests, the withdrawal of single-drug oral therapy products against simple malaria from the national market in order to avoid the development of resistance to plasmodium, the introduction of artemisinine-based combination therapies (ACT), the development of the first edition of the table of essential medicine equivalences, and the free ARV provision to all patients. daccess-ods.un.org |
要实现千年发展目标不仅需要足够的财政资源，而且还需要 [...] 加强能提供病媒控制干预手段的保健体系，为疟疾的寄生虫学确认提供诊断手段 及青蒿素综 合疗法，以及发展疟疾、寄生虫对抗疟药物抗药性和蚊虫对杀虫剂抗 [...]药性的日常监测系统。 daccess-ods.un.org | Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals will require not only adequate financial resources, but also the strengthening of health systems capable of delivering vector control interventions, the provision of diagnostics for the [...] parasitologic confirmation of malaria alongside [...] treatment with artemisinin-based combination [...]therapies, and the development of routine [...]surveillance systems for malaria as well as for resistance of parasites to antimalarial medicines and resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides. daccess-ods.un.org |
(g) 保持国家努力和方案，在国际社会的支持下，通过加强有效的预防、 [...] 诊断和治疗策略，包括通过确保提供负担得起的、优质、有效的药品、普通药， 包括青蒿素综 合疗法，应对疟疾带来的挑战，并保持在使用长效、安全、经过 [...] 杀虫剂处理的蚊帐来防止疟疾的成果，并继续进行对迅速开发疟疾疫苗的持续 性研究 daccess-ods.un.org | (g) Sustaining national efforts and programmes, with the support of the international community, to address the challenges posed by malaria by strengthening effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies, including through ensuring the accessibility to and availability of affordable, [...] quality and effective medicines and generics, [...] including artemisinin-combination [...]therapy, as well as progress in the use of [...]long-lasting, safe insecticide-treated bed nets to combat malaria and ongoing research for the prompt development of malaria vaccines daccess-ods.un.org |
为了维持疟疾防治工作的进展，务必要立即采取行动抑制 青 蒿 素 类 药物的抗 药性，由此而需要落实《抑制青蒿素 抗 药性全球计划》的建议，包括加强公私营 部门的监管服务，设法停止使用口服 青 蒿 素 单 一疗法和不符合世卫组织预审标准 或国家监管当局严格标准的劣质药品，引进质量保证机制，以及改进所有疟疾防 治商品和服务的供应链管理。 daccess-ods.un.org | In order to sustain the advances in malaria control, it is essential to take immediate [...] action to combat [...] resistance to artemisinin-based medicines, by implementing the recommendations in the Global Plan for Artemisinin Resistance Containment, including strengthening regulatory services in the public and private sectors, working to halt the use of oral artemisinin-based monotherapies [...]and substandard [...]medicines not meeting WHO prequalification standards or strict national regulatory authority standards, introducing quality-assurance mechanisms, and improving supply-chain management for all malaria commodities and services. daccess-ods.un.org |
使用青蒿素综合疗法的比率 2008 年比 2006 年略高一些，这也许是扩大青蒿素综 合疗法分发范围的一种反映，但 部分原因也许是这两年是在不同的国家里进行住户调查的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Slightly [...] higher rates of artemisinin combination therapy use were seen in 2008 than in 2006. This probably reflects increased distribution of artemisinin combination [...]therapies but it may also [...]be due in part to the fact that different countries were represented in the data collected by the household surveys during those two years. daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。