| 单词 | 罪性 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 罪性 —sinful natureExamples:性罪犯 n—sex offender n See also:罪 n—sin n • guilt n • sinner n • fault n • guild n
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古巴法律还规定，可以(永久或暂时)拒绝任何涉嫌从事恐怖活动或其他 犯罪 性质行 为的个人进入古巴,或将其驱逐出境。 daccess-ods.un.org | Cuban law also provides that any individual suspected [...] of engaging in terrorist activity or other [...] acts of a criminal nature may be denied [...]entry into the country, either permanently [...]or temporarily, or expelled from the national territory. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于奴役和奴隶的犯罪性质和 由此具有的偷偷摸摸的秘密 性质，几乎不可能确定百分之多少的家庭佣工实际上是家务工作的受害者。 daccess-ods.un.org | Owing to the criminal and hence clandestine nature of servitude [...] and slavery, it is impossible to determine what percentage [...]of domestic workers are actually victims thereof. daccess-ods.un.org |
现 在，可以针对这种罪行在以色列对违法者进行审判，即使此种行为在其实施国家 可能不构成刑事犯罪(毫无疑问需要确定此种行为的 犯 罪性 )。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is currently possible to try offenders in Israel for such offences, even though [...] the act might not [...] constitute a criminal offence in the country in which it was performed (no double criminality is required). daccess-ods.un.org |
就强奸向警方报案，取决于对警方的信任程度 和受害者所受有关强奸犯罪性质的教育，同样也取决于基本犯罪等级。 daccess-ods.un.org | Reports of rape to the police may be as much dependent upon levels of [...] trust in the police and education of the victim [...] concerning the nature of the crime as they are on underlying crime levels. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于在国外实施的其他罪行，《刑法典》第 9 条规定，巴拉圭刑法只适用于符合 [...] 两国共认罪行之规定的情况，且须满足以下条件，即行为人在犯罪时(a) 拥有巴 拉圭国籍或在犯罪后获得国籍；或(b) [...] 不是巴拉圭国民但却身处巴拉圭境内且引 渡已被拒绝，尽管根据犯罪性质本 可依法允许；这一规定也应适用于犯罪地没有 规定惩罚的情况。 daccess-ods.un.org | Concerning other offences committed abroad, under article 9 of the Criminal Code, Paraguayan criminal law shall apply only when the dual criminality requirement is met and if at the time of commission, the perpetrator (a) held Paraguayan nationality or acquired it after the offence was committed; or (b) was not a Paraguayan national but was present in Paraguay [...] and extradition had been refused [...] even though the nature of the offence would have made [...]it legally permissible; this provision [...]shall also apply where there is no provision for punishment in the place of commission. daccess-ods.un.org |
阿拉伯利比亚民众 国政府只针对最严重的犯罪行为实施死刑，并确保 通过恰当程序向其犯罪性质威 胁社会的犯罪分子实 施死刑。 daccess-ods.un.org | Her Government restricted the death penalty to the [...] most serious crimes and ensured due process for those deemed to pose a threat to society because of the nature of their crimes. daccess-ods.un.org |
首先，如果一个外国人犯下一桩罪行(一种属于 犯 罪性 质 的行为)，而且认定 其有罪并判处其刑罚的法官认为该外国人的逗留构成对刑法所保护的价值观的 威胁，那么该法官可下令将该名外国人从本国领土上驱逐出境。 daccess-ods.un.org | First, if an alien commits an offence (an act of a criminal nature) and the judge who finds him guilty and sentences him considers that the presence of that alien constitutes a threat to the values protected by criminal law, he may order the expulsion of the alien from the national territory. daccess-ods.un.org |
都应该正当地通过国家当局的渠道提出来，并应事先征得哥伦比亚政府明示同 [...] 意；(d) 表示关切如秘书长关于哥伦比亚境内儿童与武装冲突的报告(S/2009/ [...] 434)所述，将“新的非法武装团体”包括在内，并说，这类团体由于其非军事结 构和犯罪性质， 应当排除在安全理事会第 1612(2005)号决议所提出机制的范围之 外。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) Expressed concern over the inclusion of “new illegal armed groups” in the Secretary-General’s report on children and armed conflict in Colombia (S/2009/434) and stated that those types of groups should be outside the scope of the [...] mechanism outlined by Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) owing to their [...] non-military structure and criminal nature. daccess-ods.un.org |
在女性受害者当中，最常见的犯罪是抢劫罪(25.6%)，其次是严重伤害罪 (21.3%)、危险行为或威胁罪(16.9%)、性 虐 待 罪 ( 8 . 7% )、强奸罪(6.8%)以及敲诈勒 [...] 索罪(6.4%)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Amongst the female victims the most common offence was robbery (25.6 per cent), followed by grievous bodily harm (21.3 per [...] cent) and dangerous or [...] threatening behaviour (16.9 per cent), sexual abuse (8.7 per cent), [...]rape (6.8 per cent) and blackmail (6.4 per cent). daccess-ods.un.org |
脱离政府认为属犯罪性质团伙的儿童不应交由刑事司法系统处理，相反，应 被视为受害者，并应得到与脱离游击队的儿童相同的保护和恢复及重返社会援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | Children separated from groups considered by the [...] Government to be criminal in nature should not [...]be referred to the criminal justice system [...]and should instead be treated as victims, and benefit from the same protection, rehabilitation and reintegration assistance as children separated from guerrilla groups. daccess-ods.un.org |
科索沃共和国的各个机构和政府一直在 与欧洲联盟法治特派团共同努力和紧密合作，以打击 犯罪和腐败，并且防止北部平行、犯 罪性 质 的 结构实 施进一步破坏性行动。 daccess-ods.un.org | The institutions and the Government of the Republic of Kosovo have been working and cooperating closely with European Union Rule of Law Mission to combat crime and corruption, as well as to prevent further destructive action of parallel and criminal structures in the north. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们记得，拉莫斯·奥尔塔总统去年 对古巴进行了成功访问，特别是他于 2008 年 9 月 25 日在联合国大会辩论上发表了讲话(见 A/63/PV.10)， [...] 当时他勇敢并坚决地要求解除 50 多年来对古巴实施 的不人道和犯罪性的经 济、商业和财政封锁。 daccess-ods.un.org | We remember the successful visit to Cuba by President Ramos-Horta last year and in particular his statement during the General Assembly debate on 25 September 2008 (see A/63/PV.10), when he [...] courageously and firmly requested the lifting of the [...] inhumane and criminal economic, commercial [...]and financial blockade which has been [...]imposed on Cuba for over 50 years. daccess-ods.un.org |
显然，这些非法行为是犯罪性的， 任何为其辩解的企图只会使占领国一意 孤行走暴力之路而不是走巴勒斯坦领导人与国际社会通力奉行的和平与合作之 [...] 路这一点欲盖弥彰。 daccess-ods.un.org | Clearly, these [...] illegal acts are criminal, and any attempt [...]to justify them serves only to highlight the occupying Power’s [...]determination to walk the path of violence rather than one of peace and cooperation to which the Palestinian leadership, along with the international community, are fully committed. daccess-ods.un.org |
刑法典》的第二卷第一篇的“侵犯人身罪”包括侵犯生命罪、侵犯子宫 内生命罪、侵犯身体完整性罪、侵 犯人身自由罪和侵犯性自由 及 性 自 决 罪 等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Book II, Title I of the CCM dedicated to “Crimes against Persons” includes [...] crimes against life, intrauterine [...] life, physical integrity, personal freedom, freedom and sexual selfdetermination, etc. daccess-ods.un.org |
应当作出努力，组织和促进着眼于结果的综合研究，审查女性所犯 的 罪 行、 女性对抗刑事司法系统的诱发原因、二次判罪和监禁对女性的影响、 女 性罪 犯的 特征，以及用以减少女性重新犯罪的方案，以此作为有效的规划、方案开发和政 策制定的基础，以便对女性罪犯重 新融入社会的需求做出回应。 daccess-ods.un.org | Efforts shall be made to organize and promote [...] comprehensive, resultoriented [...] research on the offences committed by women, the reasons that trigger women’s confrontation with the criminal justice system, the impact of secondary criminalization and imprisonment on women, the characteristics of women offenders, as well as programmes designed to reduce reoffending by women, as a basis for effective planning, programme development and policy formulation to respond to the social reintegration needs of women offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，委员会遗憾的是，有 关危害未成年人的所有性罪行的 数据全部都是放在一起的，而没有着重按照性别 [...] 和年龄分类。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, the Committee regrets that currently, [...] statistics for all sexual crimes against minors are [...]grouped together and are not disaggregated by, inter alia, sex and age. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于认识到有必要在应当适用于女性囚犯和 女 性罪 犯 的特殊考虑事 项方面提供全球性标准，并考虑到联合国不同机构通过的一系列相关决议， 其中要求联合国会员国对女性罪犯和 女性囚犯的需要做出适当的回应，故此 制定了本规则，以便在女性囚犯待遇以及 女 性罪 犯 非 监禁措施方面，适当地 补充和增补《囚犯待遇最低限度标准规则》以及《联合国非拘禁措施最低限 度标准规则》(《东京规则》)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Recognizing the need to provide global standards with regard to the distinct considerations that [...] should apply to women prisoners and offenders and taking into account a number of relevant resolutions adopted by different United Nations bodies, in which Member States were called on to respond appropriately to the needs of women offenders and prisoners, the present rules have been developed to complement and supplement, as appropriate, the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the Tokyo Rules) in connection with the treatment of women prisoners and alternatives to imprisonment for women offenders. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
律政司動議㆓讀：「㆒項修訂與警司警誡少年罪犯有關的法律、撤銷與出版有關的某些 [...] 罪行、修訂關於在刑事法律程序㆗某些程序事項的法律、修訂影響律師及外國律師執 [...] 業的法律、授權律政司向法庭申請委任司法受託㆟、使若干條例在㆒些次要方面合理 化及加以改善、將女性罪犯或女性受感化者的監管㆟員須為女性的規定予以免除、授 [...]權㆟民入境管理隊的成員在某些情況㆘持手令進入㆞方及搜查、修訂關於囚犯在監管 [...] ㆘釋放的法律、修訂關於將去世㆟士的遺體或其部分用於治療或其他獲准目的的法 律，以及就其他雜項及次要修訂訂定條文的草案。 legco.gov.hk | THE ATTORNEY GENERAL moved the Second Reading of: "A Bill to amend the law relating to juvenile offenders cautioned by police superintendents, to abolish certain offences relating to publication, to amend the law relating to certain procedural matters in criminal proceedings, to amend the law affecting solicitors' and foreign lawyers' practice, to enable the Attorney General to apply to the court for appointment of judicial trustees, to rationalize and improve minor aspects of various Ordinances, to dispense [...] with the requirement for supervising [...] officers of female offenders or probationers [...]to be female, to empower members of the [...]Immigration Service to enter and search with warrant under certain circumstances, to amend the law relating to release of prisoners under supervision, to amend the law relating to the use of deceased persons' bodies or parts thereof for therapeutic or other permitted purposes and to provide for other miscellaneous and minor amendments. legco.gov.hk |
有关性罪犯的 立法应包括有关治疗和拘留的程序性保 障措施和精确的规则与专业指导，包括治疗和拘留的期限。 daccess-ods.un.org | Legislation regarding sex offenders should include [...] procedural safeguards and precise regulations and professional instructions [...]on their treatment and detention, including its duration. daccess-ods.un.org |
在波兰，按《刑法典》（《法律杂志》第 88 期，附修正案第 553 [...] 项——第十六章，“破 坏和平罪、灭绝人性罪和战争罪”）的规定， 对武装冲突期间违反《公约》条款的人应予以 [...]制裁。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In Poland, sanctions against persons who infringe the provisions of the Convention during armed conflict are defined by the [...] Penal Code (Journal of Law No. 88, item 553 with amendments [...] – Chapter XVI, “Crimes against peace, humanity [...]and war crimes”). unesdoc.unesco.org |
为了防止针对未成年人的犯罪，有种种计划限制已 决 性罪 犯 在 接触到 未成年人的职业中的活动范围，并于 2007 年创立了性罪行登记册。 daccess-ods.un.org | To prevent crimes against minors, there are plans to restrict spheres of [...] activity of convicted sex offenders in occupations involving contact with minors, and create a register of sex offenders in 2007. daccess-ods.un.org |
研究项目包括：评价分流方案；家 [...] 庭暴力问题方案；性侵犯行为改造方案；维持特许烟酒店的治安；计算机使用 安全的性质和范围研究；消费者欺诈； 女 性罪 犯 和吸毒；对土著人的暴力和虐 待儿童；社区对暴力侵害妇女行为的态度；青少年与刑事司法系统的接触；土 [...] 著社区的禁毒执法；为偏远地区的社区安全制定绩效框架和指标；少年司法； [...] 敏感环境下的安全标识；犯罪制图、预测和建模方面技术性较强的工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Research projects included the following: programmes that focus on the evaluation of diversion, family violence, sexual assault reform and the policing of [...] licensed premises; [...] studies on the nature and extent of computer use security, consumer fraud, women offenders and drug use, [...]indigenous violence and [...]child abuse, community attitudes towards violence against women, the contact of juveniles with the criminal justice system, drug law enforcement in indigenous communities; the development of performance frameworks and indicators for community safety in remote areas, juvenile justice and security identification in sensitive environments; and more technical work in crime mapping, forecasting and modelling. daccess-ods.un.org |
规则 69 应作出努力，定期审查、评价和公布与 女 性 犯 罪 行 为 相关的趋势、问题和因 素，以及对女性罪犯及 其子女重新融入社会的需要做出回应的效果，以期减少这 些妇女对抗刑事司法制度而给她们自身及其子女带来的耻辱和负面影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | Efforts shall be made to review, evaluate and make public periodically the trends, [...] problems and factors [...] associated with offending behaviour in women and the effectiveness in responding to the social reintegration needs of women offenders, as well as [...]their children, in order [...]to reduce the stigmatization and negative impact of those women’s confrontation with the criminal justice system on them. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，大会核可了 两份有关妇女在刑事司法系统中的待遇的新文书：经修订和增订的《在预防犯 罪和刑事司法领域中消除对妇女暴力行为的示范战略和实际措施》（大会第 65/229 [...] 号决议附件）和《联合国关于女性囚犯待遇和 女 性罪 犯 非 拘禁措施的规 则》（《曼谷规则》）（大会第 [...]65/228 号决议附件）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, two new instruments related to the treatment of women in the criminal justice system were endorsed by the General Assembly: the revised and updated Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence against Women in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (General Assembly resolution 65/229, annex) and the United Nations Rules for the Treatment [...] of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial [...] Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules) [...](Assembly resolution 65/228, annex). daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，萨尔瓦多颁布了《国内妇女无暴力生活法》，界定并划定了两种 杀戮女性罪的类 别：罪犯出于仇恨或基于蔑视女性犯下的凶杀 女 性罪 ； 和 罪 犯身 为公务员、“政府官员或警察或军队成员；案情涉及二人或更多人；系当着受害 者家庭任何一位在场亲属的面实施的凶杀；受害者系为未成年人或残疾人；或罪 犯滥用了在家庭中所拥有的任何权威地位，工作或教育环境，即为杀戮 女 性罪加 重罪责的情节。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, El Salvador passed the Integral Law for a Life Free of Violence for Women, which defines and [...] classifies two types of femicide: when the perpetrator of the death of a woman is motivated by hatred or contempt based on gender; and aggravated femicide, when the perpetrator is a civil servant, government official or member of the police or army, when two or more persons are involved, when the killing is committed in the presence of any of the victim‘s members of the family, when the victim is a minor or with a disability, or when the aggressor has abused any authoritarian power held in the family, work or educational environment. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
对案文进行协商的结果是更加重视妇女和儿童 的权利，并纳入对第十二届联合国预防犯罪和刑事司 [...] 法大会的结果宣言和《关于女性囚犯待遇和 女 性罪犯 非拘禁措施的规则》的特别提及。 daccess-ods.un.org | Consultations on the text had resulted in a stronger focus on the rights of women and children and the inclusion of specific references to the outcome declaration of the Twelfth [...] United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice and the Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and [...] Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
例如,《瑞典刑法》在 1998年通过“Kvinnofrid”一揽子措施改革后, 其第4章第 4a条包含了“严重侵害完整性”的中立罪行, 构成这一罪行 的要素是：犯罪者对与其具有或曾经具有亲密关系的某个人 多次实施暴力行为, 如身体或性虐待, 该条还包含具有性别区 分的犯罪, 即男子对妇女实施的、构成要素相同的“严重侵害 妇女完整性”罪行。 unwomen.org | For example, Chapter 4, Section 4a of the Swedish Penal Code, as reformed by the ‘Kvinnofrid’ package in 1998, contains a neutral offence of “gross violation of integrity” which is constituted when a perpetrator commits repeated violations, such as physical or sexual abuse, against a person with whom they have, or have had, a close relationship, as well as the gender-specific offence of “gross violation of a woman’s integrity” which is constituted by the same elements, when committed by a man against a woman. unwomen.org |
(5) 首席教育主任( 專業發展及培訓) 負責(i)制訂、推行及檢討各項有助 [...] 教師及校長專業發展的政策；(ii)監察教師註冊政策的推行情況， [...] 包括推行優化措施，進一步提高教師註冊機制的透明度和運作， 以回應市民對性罪犯在 學校任教的關注；(iii)制訂措施以進一步提 [...] 升教師的專業操守，就行為失當的教師建議適當的罰則，並督導 教育人員專業操守議會，以提升教育人員的專業操守；(iv)監察語 [...]文教師達到培訓及資歴要求的情況；以及(v)統籌各項與減輕教師 工作量有關的措施。 legco.gov.hk | (5) PEO(Professional Development and Training) (i) formulates, implements and reviews various policies conducive to the professional development of teachers and principals; (ii) oversees the policy on teacher registration, including the implementation of enhanced measures to further enhance the transparency and operation of teacher [...] registration mechanism so as to address [...] public’s concern of sex offenders teaching in schools; [...](iii) devises measures to further [...]promote teachers’ professional conduct, advises on the appropriate levels of punishment for teachers with misconduct, and supervises the Council on Professional Conduct in Education to promote professional conduct in education; (iv) oversees language teachers’ attainment of training and qualifications requirements; and (v) coordinates measures related to alleviating teachers’ workload. legco.gov.hk |
应当在会员国法律制度的范围内，拟定与性别相关的转送教改机构措施和 [...] 审判前及判决替代安排的特定选择，其中应考虑到许多 女 性罪 犯 的 受害史以及她 们担负的照看责任。 daccess-ods.un.org | Gender-specific options for diversionary measures and pretrial and sentencing alternatives shall be developed within Member States’ [...] legal systems, taking account of the history of victimization [...] of many women offenders and their caretaking [...]responsibilities. daccess-ods.un.org |
當 地 警 方 將 會 在 性 罪 犯 名 冊 上 記 錄 所 收 集 到 的 資 料 [...] ， 並 且 可 以 增 補 其 他 有 關 資 料 ， 例 如 罪 犯 過 往 的 刑 事 定 罪 紀 錄 、 受 害 人 的 描 述 、 犯 罪 手 [...]法 、 風 險 評 估 級 別 、 過 往 使 用 武 器 或 濫 用 藥 物 的 紀 錄 等 。 hkreform.gov.hk | The local police would record the collected [...] information in the sex offender register and [...]may add other relevant information, such [...]as the offender's previous criminal convictions, description of victim(s), modus operandi, assessed level of risk, history of weapon use or of drug abuse. hkreform.gov.hk |
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