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External sources (not reviewed)

2000 年，丹麦批准了《欧洲区域性或少数民族语言宪章》，该宪章适用于南日德兰日耳曼少数民族的德语。 daccess-ods.un.org	In 2000 Denmark [...] ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which applies to German in respect of the [...] German minority in Southern Jutland. daccess-ods.un.org
瑞士是个不寻常的国家：在这里，三种主要的欧洲语言都被使用，但均不属于瑞士；而瑞士特有的罗曼语，使用人口只占0.5%。 swissworld.org	Switzerland is in the highly unusual situation of being the home of three of Europe's [...] major languages, but apart from Rumansch - spoken by only 0.5% of the population - [...] it has no written language of its own. swissworld.org
罗曼-希腊语分部的一位希腊专家发言反对前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国在国际标准化组织的国家和语音编码以及语言名称。 daccess-ods.un.org	An expert from the Romano-Hellenic Division, the expert from Greece, expressed his objection [...] to the International Organization [...] for Standardization country and language code and language name included in the entry concerning the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. daccess-ods.un.org
行动计划》规定：开展批准《欧洲区域或少数民族语言宪章》(2006 年) 的筹备工作；按《宪章》标准调整国家法律；尊重公共机构、司法机关、警察部门和武装部队的比例代表制原则；保证在乌克兰、保加利亚和加告兹这些少数民族人口占很大一部分的住区教授乌克兰语、保加利亚语和加告兹语；研究在一些教育机构教授罗姆语的问题。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Action Plan provides for the preparations to ratify [...] the European Charter of [...] regional and minorities’ languages (2006); adjustment of the national legislation to the Charter standards; respect of the principle of proportionate representation in public bodies, in justice, police and armed forces; guarantee of teaching of Ukrainian, Bulgarian and Gagauz languages in the settlements where persons belonging to these national minorities constitute a significant part of the population; researching the problems related to teaching the Roma language in some educational [...] institutions etc. daccess-ods.un.org
拉斯穆森先生和潘基文首先发言，接着发言的还有：中国国务院总理温家宝先生；巴西总统路易斯·卢拉·达席尔瓦先生；美利坚合众国总统巴拉克·奥巴马先生；莱索托总理帕卡利塔·莫贝蒂埃尔·莫西西利先生；哥伦比亚总统阿尔瓦罗·乌里韦先生；印度总理曼莫汉·辛格先生；俄罗斯联邦总统德米特里·梅德韦杰夫；大韩民国总统李明博先生；埃塞俄比亚总理梅 [...] 莱斯·泽纳维先生；南非总统雅各布·祖马先生；日本总理鸠山由纪夫先生；格 [...] 林纳达总理蒂尔曼·托马斯先生；瑞典总理弗雷德里克·赖因费尔特先生；苏丹总统助理纳菲耶·阿里·纳菲耶先生；欧洲委员会主席若斯 · 曼努埃尔 · 巴罗佐先生；多民族玻利维亚国总统胡安·埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛先生；委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国总统乌戈·拉斐尔·查韦斯·弗里亚斯先生。 daccess-ods.un.org	Statements were made by Mr. Rasmussen and Mr. BAN followed by: Mr. Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, China; Mr. Luiz I. Lula da Silva, President, Brazil; Mr. Barack Obama, President, United States of America; Mr. Pakalitha Bethuel Mosisili, Prime Minister, Lesotho; Mr. Alvaro Uribe Velez, President, Colombia; Mr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister, India; Mr. Dmitry A. Medvedev, President, Russian Federation; Mr. Myung-Bak Lee, President, Republic of Korea; Mr. Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister, Ethiopia; Mr. Jacob Zuma, President, South Africa; Mr. Yukio Hatoyama, Prime Minister, Japan; Mr. Tillman Thomas, Prime Minister, Grenada; Mr. Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister, Sweden; Mr. Nafie Ali Nafie, [...] Assistant President, Sudan; [...] Mr. José Manuel Barroso, President, European Commission; Mr. Juan Evo Morales Ayma, President, Bolivia (Plurinational State of); [...] and Mr. Hugo Chávez [...] Frías, President, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of). daccess-ods.un.org
意大利已到希腊来研究语言，并自1396 年曼努埃尔Chrysoloras，在西方希腊的第一位老师，正忙于在佛罗伦萨和其他地方从事。 mb-soft.com	Italians had already gone to Greece to study the language, and since 1396 Manuel Chrysoloras, the first teacher of Greek in the West, [...] was busily engaged at Florence and elsewhere. mb-soft.com
白俄罗斯、贝宁、多民族玻利维亚国、古巴、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、厄立特里亚、埃塞俄比亚、加蓬、几内亚、印度、伊拉克、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、缅甸、纳米比亚、尼加拉瓜、尼日利亚、俄罗斯联邦、苏丹、塔吉克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌干达、委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国、越南和津巴布韦：决议草案 daccess-ods.un.org	Belarus, Benin, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Cuba, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, India, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Russian Federation, Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam and Zimbabwe: draft resolution daccess-ods.un.org
在他的主人是罗曼努斯语法，关于这个问题，他现存的著作赫迪安依据的katholike（托尼卡paraggelmata，教育署。 mb-soft.com	In grammar his master was Romanus, and his extant [...] writings on the subject are based upon the katholike of Herodian (tonika paraggelmata, ed. mb-soft.com
虽然《宪法》认为阿拉伯语和库尔德语是伊拉克的两种正式语文，土库曼语和古叙利亚语在一些人讲这种语言的行政区是正式语言，但宪法也保障少数民族在公立教育机构中用母语教育儿童的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org	While the Constitution considers Arabic and [...] Kurdish to be the two official languages of [...] Iraq, and Turkmen and Syriac to be official languages in the administrative districts where they constitute the language of a certain proportion of the population, it also guarantees the right of minority ethnic groups to educate [...] their children in [...] their mother tongue in public educational institutions. daccess-ods.un.org
拉斯普京当时卖掉了自己的灵魂在一个邪恶的圣物箱的交流，他使用蒙上了诅咒的罗曼诺夫家族的报复，掀起了一场革命，迫使他们逃离皇宫。 zh-cn.seekcartoon.com	Rasputin had then sold his soul in exchange for [...] an unholy reliquary, which he uses to [...] cast a curse on the Romanov family in revenge, [...] sparking a revolution that forces them to flee the palace. seekcartoon.com
采取的主要行动是：(a) 关于确保环境可持续力、普及教育以及关于消灭贫穷和饥饿的会议，2006 年 6 月，加拿大曼尼托巴天鹅湖第一国族。出席者有大河第一国族、部落议会、一名投资风能的资本家和基金会工作人员；(b)确定了天鹅湖第一国族一个风能项目的开发商和资金，并主办了由大河第一国族等其他加拿大第一国族参与的关于潜在风能项目的会议；(c)为美洲印第安部落学院提供赠款，用于配备风速计以收集风的数据，从而促进潜在风能的开发；(d)提供赠款以培训风能专家；以及(e)为基金会的可再生能源专家安排与切罗基族的合同，以开发他们的风能项目。 daccess-ods.un.org	Major actions taken were: (a) a meeting on ensuring environmental sustainability, and universal education and on ending poverty and hunger, June 2006, Swan Lake First Nation, Manitoba, Canada, attended by the Rolling River First Nation, Tribal Council, a wind energy financier and Foundation staff; (b) identified developers and funding for a wind energy project for the Swan Lake First Nation and hosted meetings with other First Nations in Canada, including Rolling River First Nation, on potential wind projects; (c) made grants to American Indian tribal colleges for anemometers to collect wind data for potential wind energy development; (d) made grants to train its wind energy expert; and (e) arranged a consulting contract for the Foundation’s renewable energy expert with the Cherokee Nation to develop their wind energy project. daccess-ods.un.org
委员会赞赏地注意到，大多数族群可获得母语教育，即使用马其顿、阿尔巴 [...] 尼亚、土耳其和塞尔维亚语言的教育；亦赞赏地注意到缔约国开始教授“罗姆语言和文化”，但委员会同时感到遗憾的是，一些少数群体语言的教育，特别是罗姆族和瓦拉几族语言的教育机会少而质量低。 daccess-ods.un.org	While noting with appreciation that mother tongue education is available for most communities, namely in the Macedonian, Albanian, Turkish and Serbian languages and the introduction of “Romani language and culture”, the Committee regrets the limited [...] availability and lower quality of [...] education in the language of certain minorities, particularly the Roma and Vlach communities. daccess-ods.un.org
阿尔巴尼亚、阿尔及利亚、亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、巴林、孟加拉国、白俄罗斯、贝宁、多民族玻利维亚国、文莱达鲁萨兰国、布基纳法索、喀麦隆、中非共和国、中国、科摩罗、刚果、科特迪瓦、厄瓜多尔、埃及、厄立特里亚、加蓬、伊朗伊斯兰共和国、约旦、肯尼亚、科威特、黎巴嫩、利比里亚、利比亚、马拉维、马来西亚、马里、纳米比亚、尼加拉瓜、尼日尔、尼日利亚、阿曼、巴基斯坦、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、索马里、苏丹、泰国、东帝汶、多哥、阿拉伯联合酋长国、委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国和津巴布韦：决议草案 daccess-ods.un.org	Albania, Algeria, [...] Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Gabon, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, [...] Sudan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, [...] Togo, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) and Zimbabwe: draft resolution daccess-ods.un.org
委员会赞赏地注意到，国家预算拨款1,000 亿盾，支持五个族裔群体，即蚩罗族、普骠族、于都族、布劳族和尔曼族。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Committee takes note with appreciation of the allocation of 100 billion dong from the State budget for the support of five ethnic groups, namely Si La, Pu Peo, O du, Brau and Ro Man. daccess-ods.un.org
西非拥有丰富多样的文化、众多的民族语言，至少有四种超越国界的通用语言：福尔富德语（Fulfulde）、豪萨语（Haoussa）、卡努力语（Kanuri）、曼丁语（ Ma nding），以及三种国际语言（法语、英语和葡萄牙语），这些语言是地区一体化的重要手段。 unesdoc.unesco.org	Rich in cultural diversity, West Africa, with a multitude of national languages, shares at least four transboundary languages (Fulfulde, Haoussa, Kanuri, Manding) and three international languages (French, English and Portuguese), which are important tools for regional integration. unesdoc.unesco.org
委员会请缔约国向社会各级，特别是政府官员、司法机构和民间社会组织广为散发本结论性意见，转译成俄罗斯联邦境内所说的各种主要少数民族语言，并尽可能地广为宣传该结论性意见，并在缔约国的下次定期报告中向委员会通报 [...] 所采取的各步骤。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Committee requests the State party to disseminate the present concluding observations widely among all levels of society, in particular among State officials, the judiciary and civil society [...] organizations, to [...] translate into the main minority languages spoken in the Russian Federation, and publicize [...] them as far as possible [...] and to inform the Committee on the steps taken to implement them in its next periodic report. daccess-ods.un.org
冈萨雷斯·罗曼女士(西班牙)(以西班牙语发言 )：我很荣幸能够发言，就最近几个月在核裁军与不扩散领域发生的事情谈几点想法。 daccess-ods.un.org	Ms. González Román (Spain) ( spoke in Spanish): I have the honour to [...] take the floor to offer several thoughts on the events [...] of recent months in the area of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation. daccess-ods.un.org
未被阿尔曼人征服的莱西亚(Rhaetia)地区，以及日尔曼隆巴第族人 (G ermantic Langobards/ Lombards)统治下的提挈诺地区保留了拉丁语系的方言，并渐渐发展为罗曼语和意大利语。 swissworld.org	Other regions - Rhaetia, which the Alamans failed to conquer, and [...] Ticino under the Germanic [...] Langobards (or Lombards) - also kept their Latin-related dialects, which developed into languages still spoken in those areas today: Rumantsch and Italian. swissworld.org
俄国语言学家和文艺理论家罗曼•雅各布森（Roman Jakobson）表示：“在儿童语言的初级阶段，所给词语中只有一个音节能被清晰地发音。 labbrand.com	Russian linguist and literary theorist Roman Jakobson suggests that, “in the beginning stage of child language only one sound [...] can function distinctively within a given word. labbrand.com
根据上次在 2002 年进行的人口普查结果，在塞尔维亚共和国使用的少数民族语言有：阿尔巴尼亚语、波斯尼亚语、保加利亚语、瓦拉几语、匈牙利语、马其顿语、德语、罗马语、罗马尼亚语、鲁塞尼亚语、斯洛伐克语、乌克兰语、克罗地亚语及捷克语。 daccess-ods.un.org	According to the findings of the latest [...] census held in 2002, the minority languages spoken in the Republic of Serbia are: Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Vlach, Hungarian, Macedonian, German, Roma, Romanian, Ruthenian, [...] Slovak, Ukrainian, Croatian and Czech. daccess-ods.un.org
瑞士西部说法语，部分高原地区说 [...] 法语和德语，瑞士南部说意大利语 (提契诺)，而在格劳宾登州的一些地区说罗曼语。 gza.ch	French is spoken in the west of the country, French and [...] German in some parts of the Mittelland, Italian in the south [...] (Ticino), and Romansh in certain parts [...] of the canton of Grisons. gza.ch
Melchiorites在弗里斯兰省的术语爱沙尼亚和用于现代化的追随者（梅尔基奥尔霍夫曼在德语霍夫曼），谁的重整等方面进行了福音波罗的海以埃姆登利沃尼亚，以及阿姆斯特丹。 mb-soft.com	Melchiorites is a term used for the followers of [...] Melchior Hoffman [...] (modernized in German as Hoffmann), the Reformer who carried the gospel to Baltic areas such as Estonia [...] and Livonia, to [...] Emden in Friesland, and to Amsterdam. mb-soft.com
为了支持和鼓励会员国制定国家青年政策，教科文组织参加了与青年政策有关的几次重要会议和一些工作组，它们是：欧洲委员会研讨会“给文化重新定位：关于青年中的多样性、种族主义、性别和特性的思考”（匈牙利，布达佩斯，2003 年 6 月 10 日-15 日），欧洲委员会青年政策指标特设工作组的所有三次会议（法国斯特拉斯堡，2002 年 12 月 13 日-14 日；匈牙利布达佩斯，2002 年 7 月 1 日-3 日和法国斯特拉斯堡，2003 年 3 月 26 日-27 日）；国际青年政策大会（西班牙毕尔巴鄂，2003 年 3 月 19 日-21 日）；欧洲部长会议“青年建设欧洲”希腊塞萨洛尼基，2002 年 11 月 7 日-9 日）；伊美青年部长会议（西班牙萨拉曼卡， 2002 年 10 月 21 日-22 日）；联合国全球青年政策会议（芬兰赫尔辛基，2002 年 10 月 6 日-11 日）。 unesdoc.unesco.org	In order to support and encourage Member States to develop national youth policies, UNESCO participated in a few important meetings and working groups concerning youthrelated policies, namely: the Council of Europe Research Seminar [...] “Re-situating [...] Culture: Reflections on Diversity, Racism, Gender and Identity in the context of Youth” (Budapest, Hungary, 10-15 June, 2003); all three meetings of the Council of Europe task force on Youth Policy Indicators (Strasbourg, France, 13-14 December 2002; Budapest, Hungary, 1-3 July 2002 and Strasbourg, France, 26-27 March 2003); the International Congress on Youth Policies (Bilbao, Spain, 19-21 March 2003); the European Conference of Ministers “Youth constructing Europe” (Thessaloniki, Greece, 7-9 November 2002); the IX Ibero-American Conference of Youth Ministers (Salamanca, Spain, 21-22 October 2002); [...] the United Nations Meeting [...] on Global Policies for Youth (Helsinki, Finland, 6-11 October 2002). unesdoc.unesco.org
通常情况下，提挈诺人和罗曼语人会适应情况地讲法语或德语。 swissworld.org	Usually, however, the [...] Ticinese and Rumantsch speakers adapt to the situation by speaking French or German - or, more and more, everyone speaks English. swissworld.org
全国还居住着大量其他民族：哈萨克族、塔吉克族、卡拉卡尔帕克族、吉尔吉斯族、土库曼族、俄罗斯族、乌克兰族、塔塔尔族、亚美尼亚族、朝鲜族、维吾尔族。 daccess-ods.un.org	Uzbekistan is also home to a great number of other peoples: Kazakhs, Tajiks, Karakalpaks, Kyrgyz, Turkmens, Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Armenians, Koreans and Uigurs. daccess-ods.un.org
斯洛文尼亚关切地注意到，奥地利未能落实斯洛文尼亚少数民族根据《圣日尔曼条约》和《奥地利国家条约》所享有的权利，也未执行奥地利宪法法院就斯洛文尼亚少数民族语言作出的决定。 daccess-ods.un.org	It noted with concern Austria’s failure to implement the rights of the [...] Slovenian minority under the [...] Treaty of Saint-Germain and the Austrian State Treaty, as well as the failure to implement decisions of the Austrian Constitutional Court regarding the Slovenian minority language. daccess-ods.un.org
下列国家加入到该决议草案的提案国行列：阿尔巴尼亚、安道尔、奥地利、孟加拉国、比利时、巴西、保加利亚、中非共和国、乍得、科摩罗、塞浦路斯、法国、德国、格林纳达、几内亚比绍、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、牙买加、日本、约旦、黑山、瑙鲁、挪威、巴布亚新几内亚、葡萄牙、摩尔多瓦共和国、罗马尼亚、圣卢西亚、圣基茨和尼维斯、萨摩亚、圣马力诺、斯洛文尼亚、所罗门群岛、索马里、西班牙、塔吉克斯坦、泰国、特立尼达和多巴哥、土库曼斯坦和图瓦卢。 daccess-ods.un.org	The following had joined the sponsors of the draft resolution: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Comoros, Cyprus, France, Germany, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Montenegro, Nauru, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, the Republic of Moldova, Romania, Saint Lucia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Samoa, San Marino, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Tajikistan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkmenistan and Tuvalu. daccess-ods.un.org
最可能造成上诉判决预测完成日期拖延的五个因素与以下方面有关的或是由此造成的拖延：(a) [...] 多个上诉人案件的性质；(b) 非常多的上诉前请求；(c) [...] 将判决书翻译成波斯尼亚/克罗地亚/塞尔维亚文，并将提交的书面文件翻译成分庭的一种工作语文和波斯尼亚 / 克罗地亚 /塞尔维亚文，特别是如果上诉人作自我辩护，所需的时间非常之长；(d) 对上诉理由的修订，特 [...] 别是在判决书翻译之后(主要是有律师的上诉人)；(e) [...] 工作人员人手不够和/或缺乏上诉支助方面的经验。 daccess-ods.un.org	The five factors with the most potential to cause slippage in projected estimates for completion of judgements on appeal are the delays associated with or caused by: (a) the nature of multi-appellant cases; (b) the inordinate amount of pre-appeal motions; (c) the inordinate length of time for translation of trial judgements into Bosnian/Croatian/ Serbian, as well as for [...] translation of written [...] submissions into one of the Tribunal’s working languages and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, especially [...] in cases of selfrepresented [...] appellants; (d) amendments to grounds of appeal, especially following translation of the trial judgement (mainly for represented appellants); and (e) understaffing and/or lack of experience in appeals support. daccess-ods.un.org

罗曼语族 ()—

Romance language family

See also:

罗语—

语族—

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External sources (not reviewed)

罗曼语族 ()—

Romance language family

See also:

罗语—

语族—

▾External sources (not reviewed)

▾
External sources (not reviewed)