| 单词 | 绝种 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 绝种 —extinctionless common: extinct (species) 绝种 adjective —extinct adjExamples:灭绝种族—genocide 种族灭绝—genocide See also:绝—extinct • disappear • by no means • vanish • cut short
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此外，威胁、挑战和改革问题高级别小组的报告（A/59/565）以及秘书长题 [...] 为“大自由：实现人人共享的发展、安全和人权”的报告（A/59/2005）向冲突 地区和冲突后地区的千百万妇女和女孩提出了一些至关重要的倡议，包括：设立 [...] 建设和平委员会；加强对预防冲突的重视；负责保护民众免遭 灭 绝种 族 罪、战争 罪、族裔清洗和危害人类罪；更加有效地保护人权以及加强法治。 un.org | Furthermore, the report of the High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change (A/59/565) and the report of the Secretary-General “In larger freedom: towards development, security and human rights for all” (A/59/2005) proposed a number of initiatives of vital importance to millions of women and girls in conflict and post-conflict areas, including: the creation of a Peacebuilding Commission; increased focus on conflict [...] prevention; the responsibility to protect [...] populations from genocide, war crimes, [...]ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity; [...]more effective protection of human rights; and enhanced rule of law. un.org |
举 例而言，这可包括以下领域的经验：国内严重和复杂罪行的辩护，如恐怖主义、 杀人、非预谋杀人、贩运和复杂的白领罪行等罪案；涉及国际层面的案子的辩护 [...] 经验，诸如国际司法协助、复杂的移民案、超国家的罪行；以及战争罪、 灭 绝种 族罪和危害人类罪的辩护经验。 daccess-ods.un.org | For example, this may include experience in the following areas: the defence of those charged with serious and complex crimes at the domestic level, such as terrorism, homicide, manslaughter, trafficking and complex white-collar crimes; the defence of cases with international dimensions, such as those involving international judicial assistance, complex [...] immigration issues or supranational crime; and the defence of those charged with [...] war crimes, genocide and crimes against [...]humanity. daccess-ods.un.org |
特别报告员还在纽约会见了保护责任问题特别顾问、负责儿 [...] 童和武装冲突问题的秘书长特别代表办公室以及防止 灭 绝种 族 问题特别顾问办公 室。 daccess-ods.un.org | In New York, the Special Rapporteur also met with the Special Adviser for the Responsibility to Protect, and representatives of the Office of the Special Representative of [...] the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Office of the Special [...] Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide. daccess-ods.un.org |
应当注意的是，根据安全理事会第 808 号 决议第 2 段编写的联合国秘书长的报告（联合 国 S/25704 号文件，1993 年 5 月 3 日，第 35 段，第 9 页）指出，“列入国际人道主义协约 法的下述公约体现了适用于武装冲突的法律， 并完全成为国际习惯法的一部分：1949 年 8 月 12 日《保护战争受害者各项日内瓦公约》； 《陆战法规和惯例》（1907 年 10 月 18 日海牙 第四公约）和《公约附件陆战法规和惯例章 程》；1948 年 12 月 9 日《防止及惩治灭绝种 族罪公约》和《国际军事法庭宪章》 [省去脚 注参考—— 教科文组织秘书处]。 unesdoc.unesco.org | It should be noted that the Report of the United Nations Secretary-General pursuant to paragraph 2 of Security Council resolution 808 (United Nations document S/25704, 3 May 1993, para. 35, p. 9) stated that “[T]he part of conventional international humanitarian law which has beyond doubt become part of international customary law is the law applicable in armed conflict as embodied in: the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims; the Hague Convention (IV) Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and the Regulations annexed thereto of 18 October 1907; the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 9 December 1948; and the Charter of the International Military Tribunal of 8 August 1945” [reference to footnotes omitted – the UNESCO Secretariat]. unesdoc.unesco.org |
第2/99/M 号法律第2 条和《公约》第20 [...] 条的规定，严禁任何组织鼓吹或 鼓励以任何形式煽动战争和暴力，以 及 种 族 灭 绝 、 种 族 或 宗教仇恨。 daccess-ods.un.org | Associations advocating or encouraging any form of [...] incitement to war and violence, as [...] well as genocide and racial or religious hatred, [...]are forbidden under article 2 of Law [...]2/99/M, as mentioned in relation to article 20 of the Covenant. daccess-ods.un.org |
安理会关于保护平民的第 1674(2006)号和第 [...] 1894(2009)号决议指出，如果一 个深陷冲突的社会或正从冲突中恢复的社会要正视过去的违法行为，并防止其再次 [...] 发生，则必须结束有罪不罚现象，而且各国有责任履行其义务，调查和起诉涉嫌犯 有战争罪、危害人类罪、灭绝种族罪 或其他严重违反国际人道主义法的人员。 daccess-ods.un.org | Security Council resolutions 1674 (2006) and 1894 (2009) on the protection of civilians state that ending impunity is essential if a society in conflict or recovering from conflict is to come to terms with past violations and prevent their recurrence, and that it is the responsibility of States to comply with their obligations to investigate and prosecute [...] persons suspected of war crimes, crimes [...] against humanity, genocide or other serious [...]violations of international humanitarian law. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外入有负责西撒哈拉问题的秘书长个人特使的咨询人所需资源， 显示 2010 年计划中的磋商和谈判有所增加(76 400 美元)；以及秘书长 防止灭绝种族罪 行问题特别顾问的咨询人所需资源，因为计划在 2010 年 开展培训活动以加强该办公室在提高对 灭 绝种 族 罪 行的认识方面的工作 (90 200 美元)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Resources for consultants are also included for the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara, reflecting the increase in consultations and negotiations planned for 2010 ($76,400), and the Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, as a result of the planned training activities for 2010 to intensify the efforts of the office on genocide awareness ($90,200). daccess-ods.un.org |
该法第 15 节列举了适用于其解 释的一些条约，亦即：(a) [...] 1948 年的《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪 公约》；(b) 1949 年日内瓦四公约及其《第一和第二附加议定书》(1977 [...]年)和《第三附加议定书》 (2005 年)；(c) 1954 [...] 年《关于发生武装冲突时保护文化财产的海牙公约》及其 《议定书》和《第二议定书》(1999 年)；(d) 1989 年《儿童权利公约》及其 2000 年《关于儿童卷入武装冲突问题的任择议定书》；(e) 习惯国际法规则和原则； (f) 各个国际法院和法庭的司法裁判。 daccess-ods.un.org | Section 15 of the Act enumerates several treaties to be applied in its interpretation, namely (a) the 1948 [...] Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of [...] the Crime of Genocide; (b) the four [...]Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional [...]Protocols I and II (1977) and Additional Protocol III (2005) thereto; (c) the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, its Protocol and its Second Protocol (1999); (d) the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child and its 2000 Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict; (e) the rules and principles of customary international law; (f) the judicial decisions of international courts and tribunals. daccess-ods.un.org |
以色列的发言改变不了这样一个事实，即以色列 有着最长、最黑暗的恐怖主义记录，将需要一本百科 全书、一座博物馆和一个档案馆来记录和揭露以色列 在其整个血腥历史上对巴勒斯坦人、叙利亚人、黎巴 嫩人、埃及人、约旦人和其他人民犯下的 灭 绝种 族 罪、 战争罪和族裔清洗罪。 daccess-ods.un.org | Israel’s statements do not alter the fact that Israel possesses the largest, blackest record of terrorism, which would need an encyclopaedia, a museum and an archive to document and shed light on the crimes of genocide, war crimes and ethnic cleansing carried out against the Palestinians, the Syrians, the Lebanese, the Egyptians, the Jordanians and others by Israel throughout its bloody history. daccess-ods.un.org |
刚果议会两院正在审议一项法案，以批准《保护所有移徙工 人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》、《防止及惩治 灭 绝种 族 罪 公约》，以及《保护 所有人免遭强迫失踪国际公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | The bill allowing the ratification of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, as well as the Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance were being considered by the two chambers of Parliament. daccess-ods.un.org |
重申各种表现形式的暴力行为，包括家庭暴力行为，尤其是针对妇女、 儿童、老年人和残疾人特别是同时属于其中一个以上群体的人的暴力行为，对世 界各地个人、家庭和社区的安全日益造成威胁；社会崩溃是一个可切身感受到的 [...] 当代问题；有组织犯罪、非法药物、非法军火交易、贩运人口尤其是妇女和儿童、 [...] 族裔和宗教冲突、内战、恐怖主义、一切形式极端主义暴力行为、仇外心理、政 治杀戮和灭绝种族行 为，对社会和全球社会秩序构成根本的威胁；它们也构成迫 [...] 使各国政府必须在承认、保护和重视多样性的同时，单独并酌情联合采取行动， [...]促进社会凝聚力的紧迫理由 daccess-ods.un.org | Reaffirms that violence, in its many manifestations, including domestic violence, particularly against women, children, older persons and persons with disabilities, and especially against persons belonging to more than one of these groups, is a growing threat to the security of individuals, families and communities everywhere; total social breakdown is an all too real contemporary experience; organized crime, illegal drugs, the illicit arms trade, trafficking in human beings, particularly women and children, ethnic and religious conflict, civil war, terrorism, all forms of extremist [...] violence, xenophobia, and politically motivated [...] killing and genocide present fundamental [...]threats to societies and the global social [...]order; they also present compelling and urgent reasons for action by Governments individuall y and, as appropriate, jointly to foster social cohesion while recognizing, protecting and valuing diversity daccess-ods.un.org |
恢复对特别法庭检察官的独立性、真相和和解委员会同特别法庭之间的关系 以及排除赦免战争罪、危害人类罪和 灭 绝种 族 罪 的讨论。 daccess-ods.un.org | Resume discussions on the independence of the Prosecutor of the Special Tribunal, the relationship between the Truth and Reconciliation Commission [...] and the Special Tribunal and the exclusion of amnesty for war crimes, crimes against [...] humanity and the crime of genocide. daccess-ods.un.org |
第一段内容如下：“决定按照第 64/245 号决议，删除拟议战略框架和秘书长防止 灭绝 种族罪 行问题特别顾问办公室相关说明中载列的所 有提及保护责任的活动和产出之处(见 A/66/354/Add.1)”，第二段内容如下：“请秘书长就 此对其报告 A/66/354/Add.1 印发一项更正”。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first paragraph would read, “Decides to delete all references to the activities and outputs related to the responsibility to protect, as contained in the proposed strategic framework and the related narratives of the Office of the Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide (see A/66/354/Add.1), in accordance with its resolution 64/245” and the second would read, “Requests the Secretary-General accordingly to issue a corrigendum to his report A/66/354/Add.1”. daccess-ods.un.org |
被用于犯下或促成严重违反国际刑法的行为，包括 灭 绝种 族 、 危害人类罪、 战争罪和侵略罪。 daccess-ods.un.org | Be used to commit or facilitate serious violations of international criminal law, including genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and crimes of aggression. daccess-ods.un.org |
3 该声明包含 20 条原则，其中只有原则 17 和 18 涉及大规模驱逐外国人问题。它们在原则上不 排除大规模驱逐外国人，而只是说在实施中不能是任意和歧视性的，也不得作为 灭绝种族、 没收财产或报复的借口；此外，驱逐权必须按照诚信、适度和公正的 原则行使，并尊重当事人的基本权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | They do not rule out on principle, the mass expulsion of aliens, but state simply that it must not be arbitrary and discriminatory in its application or serve as a pretext for genocide, confiscation of property or reprisal; the power of expulsion must, moreover, be exercised in accordance with the principles of good faith, proportionality and justice, while respecting the fundamental rights of the persons concerned. daccess-ods.un.org |
例 如，一个民权团体立即向联合国提交了关于蓄意部分消灭美国的非裔美国人群体 的案件，但没有收到任何回复。4 [...] 出现一些明显的问题，诸如美国之所以尚未批 准该公约就是因为对非裔美国人的种族暴力犯罪不受惩罚等问题；5 另外还指 [...] 出，根据《公约》，只有国家才有权向联合国，特别是向国际法院提出对其他国 家的灭绝种族指 控，因为该法院是《公约》规定的具有管辖权的国际法院(第八 [...]和九条)。 daccess-ods.un.org | For example, a civil rights group immediately submitted to the United Nations the case of the intentional partial destruction of the African American group in the United States but received no response whatsoever.4 Obvious problems arose, such as the fact that the United States had yet to ratify the Convention precisely because of issues such as the question of impunity for crimes of racial violence against African Americans;5it was also pointed out that, under the [...] Convention, only States were entitled to submit [...] complaints of genocide against other [...]States to the United Nations, and particularly [...]to the International Court of Justice as the international court with jurisdiction under the Convention (arts. 8 and 9). daccess-ods.un.org |
安全理事会回顾所有国家均有义务确保国际人道主义法、包括日内瓦 [...] 公约四公约受到尊重，并再次强调各国有责任履行义务，杜绝有罪不罚现象， 起诉应对战争罪、灭绝种族罪 、危害人类罪或其他严重违反国际人道主义法 [...]行为负责的人。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Security Council recalls the obligations of all States to ensure respect for international humanitarian law, including the four Geneva conventions, and once again emphasises the responsibility of States to comply with their obligations to end [...] impunity and to prosecute those responsible for [...] war crimes, genocide, crimes against [...]humanity or other serious violations of [...]international humanitarian law. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会并未在任何决议中 认可关于保护责任是防止灭绝种族罪 行问题特别顾 问办公室的核心任务的观点，也未同意保护责任的特 别顾问应该隶属于防止灭绝种族罪 行问题特别顾问 办公室。 daccess-ods.un.org | The General Assembly had not adopted any resolution endorsing the notion that the responsibility to protect was a core [...] mandate of the Special Adviser on the [...] Prevention of Genocide or agreeing that the Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect should be part of the Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide. daccess-ods.un.org |
社会和道德所斥责对于不合法的类型或原因差别而产生的歧视，于澳门 《刑法典》有明确的规范，部份条文禁止及严厉制裁因国籍、种族、人种或宗教 而产生的仇恨和歧视的罪行，这些犯罪行为包 括 种 族 灭 绝 、 煽动 灭 绝种 族 、 为实 施灭绝种族而作出协议和种族歧视等。 daccess-ods.un.org | The social-ethical reproach of discrimination based on illegitimate categories or factors is quite clear-cut in the Criminal Code of Macao (CCM), wherein several crimes related to hatred and discrimination based on nationality, ethnicity, race or religion are established and severely punished. daccess-ods.un.org |
卢旺达政府当然会继续确保，在不实行偏袒的情 况下，根据《卢旺达宪法》和其他法律文书，将任何 篡改或否认 1994 年对图西族犯下了灭绝种族罪这一 事实的个人绳之以法。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Government of Rwanda will of course continue to ensure that, without prejudice or favour, any individual who engages in revisionism or denial of the 1994 genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi be brought to justice in accordance with the Rwandan Constitution and other legal instruments. daccess-ods.un.org |
也有可能申明土著人民权利的其他国际规范框架包括：《世界人权宣言》 (1948 年)；1957 年《土著和部落人民公约》(劳工组织第 107 [...] 号公约)；《防止及 惩治灭绝种族罪公约》(1948 年)；1966 年 [...] 12 月大会第 2200 A(XXI)号决议通过 的《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》；同一决议通过并于 [...]1976 年 3 月生效的《公 民及政治权利国际公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other international normative frameworks that could also affirm the rights of indigenous peoples include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948); the Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957 (ILO Convention No. 107); the [...] Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of [...] the Crime of Genocide (1948); the [...]International Covenant on Economic, Social [...]and Cultural Rights adopted by General Assembly resolution 2200 A (XXI) in December 1966; and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted by the same resolution, which entered into force in March 1976. daccess-ods.un.org |
新闻部为其他部门建立或重新设计了网站，这些部门包括政治事务部、联合 国监察员和调解事务办公室、防止灭 绝种 族 罪行问题特别顾问办公室和内部司法 办公室。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Department of Public Information has developed or redesigned websites for other departments, including the Department of Political Affairs, the United Nations Ombudsman and Mediation Services, the Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and the Office of Administration of Justice. daccess-ods.un.org |
重申 重申 重申 重申需要消除各种形式和表现的暴力行为，包括家庭暴力行为，尤其是 针对妇女、儿童、老年人和残疾人的暴力行为，还有包括仇外心理在内的歧视， 认识到暴力行为增加了各国和各个社会实现消除贫穷、充分和生产性就业及人人 有体面工作以及社会融合所面临的挑战，还认识到恐怖主义、贩运军火、有组织 犯罪、贩运人口、洗钱、族裔和宗教冲突、内战、出于政治动机的杀害和 灭 绝种 族等 对各国和各个社会建立有利于社会发展的条件构成日益多的挑战，而且也是 各国政府单独和酌情联合采取行动，在承认、保护和尊重多样性的同时促进社会 凝聚力的紧迫而有力理由 daccess-ods.un.org | the need to address all forms of violence in its many manifestations, including domestic violence, particularly against women, children, older persons and persons with disabilities, and discrimination, including xenophobia, recognizes that violence increases challenges to States and societies in the achievement of poverty eradication, full and productive employment and decent work for all and social integration, and further recognizes that terrorism, trafficking in arms, organized crime, trafficking in persons, money-laundering, ethnic and religious conflict, civil war, politically motivated killing and genocide present fundamental threats to societies and pose increasing challenges to States and societies in the attainment of conditions conducive to social development, and that they further present urgent and compelling reasons for action by Governments individually and, as appropriate, jointly to foster social cohesion while recognizing, protecting and valuing diversity daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会铭记所有人权的不可分割性，它鼓励缔约国考虑加入它尚未加入的 [...] 国际人权文书，特别是那些对种族歧视问题有直接影响的文书，如《经济、社 会、文化权利国际公约任择议定书》和《防止及惩治 灭 绝种 族 罪 公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Bearing in mind the indivisibility of all human rights, the Committee encourages the State party to consider acceding to those international human rights instruments to which it is not yet a party, particularly those that have a direct bearing on the issue of racial discrimination, such as the Optional Protocol to the International [...] Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Convention on the Prevention and [...] Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. daccess-ods.un.org |
受的共同标准。越南认为，在评估贸易转让时必须考虑到下列方面：(a) 在国际 关系中不使用武力或威胁使用武力的原则和各国和平化解争端的原则；(b) 有关 [...] 国家根据其国际、区域和次区域义务和承诺，包括安全理事会有关决议应尽的责 任；(c) 可能利用转让武器严重破坏国际、区域和国内和平、安全和稳定，或者 [...] 实施恐怖活动或跨国有组织犯罪、灭 绝种 族 、战争罪、反人类罪或严重违反有关 [...]国际人权法和国际人道主义法的其他行为；(d) 禁止向未经国家机关授权或许可 的非国家行为者进行转让，以防止武器落入非法人员手中。 daccess-ods.un.org | Viet Nam believes that the assessment of arms transfers must take into consideration (a) the principle of non-use of force or threat of use of force in international relations and the principle of peaceful settlement of disputes among States; (b) the responsibilities of relevant States in accordance with their international, regional and subregional obligations and commitments, including relevant resolutions of the Security Council; (c) the potential use of transferred arms to seriously undermine international, regional and national peace, security and stability or to carry out [...] terrorist activities or commit transnational [...] organized crime, genocide, war crimes, [...]crimes against humanity or other acts that [...]seriously violate relevant international human rights law and international humanitarian law; and (d) the prohibition of transfers to non-State actors that are not authorized or licensed by State authorities to prevent the diversion of arms to illicit hands. daccess-ods.un.org |
在努力加强联合国网站(www.un.org)的整体可用性和结构一致性的同时，新 闻部还开发或重新设计了秘书处其他部门的网站，这些部门包括维持和平行动 部、裁军事务厅、建设和平委员会、政治事务部、防止 灭 绝种 族 罪 行问题特别顾 问办公室和内部司法办公室。 daccess-ods.un.org | Alongside its efforts to enhance the overall usability and structural coherence of the United Nations website (www.un.org), the Department developed or redesigned websites for other offices of the Secretariat, including the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office for Disarmament Affairs, the Peacebuilding Commission, the Department of Political Affairs, the Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and the Office of Administration of Justice. daccess-ods.un.org |
考虑到灭绝种族罪公约不禁止保留，南斯拉夫未反对西班牙提出的 对第九条的保留，该保留的效果是将第九条从缔约方之间生效的公约条款中 排除”。 daccess-ods.un.org | Whereas the Genocide Convention does not prohibit reservations; whereas Yugoslavia did not object to Spain’s reservation to article IX; and whereas the said reservation had the effect of excluding that Article from the provisions of the Convention in force between the Parties (…). daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。