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单词 结社自由
释义

See also:

自由 n

freedom n
right n
expression n
freedoms n
democracy n

External sources (not reviewed)

美国重申工作组有关以下主题的建议:童工、工人 结社自由 、 言 论自 由,以及将妇女纳入政治进程等。
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The United States reiterated the recommendations made in the
[...]
Working Group relating to
[...] child labour, workers’ freedom of association, freedom of expression [...]
and the inclusion of women in the political process.
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(h) 尊重、促进和实结社自由,从而使生活贫困的工人的身份、声音和 代表性能在关于劳动改革的社会和政治对话中得到加强。
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(h) Respect,
[...] promote and realize freedom of association so that the identities, voices and representation of workers living [...]
in poverty can be strengthened
[...]
in social and political dialogue about labour reforms.
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公民社会―― 公民参 与世界联 盟欢迎新 通过的关于非政府组织和非盈利 组织的法律, 请 政
[...]
府 公开、准 确 和全面 地
[...] 报告这些法律的执行情况,以及为 改善 对公民社会空 间 的保护,即确保言论、集 会结社自由和 参 与公共生 活 和政治生 活 的权利、通过国家 行动计划改善人权状况、执行条约 [...]
机构关于和平集会 自由的 一
[...]
些 建议、调 查 所有关于侵犯人权维护者的报告、将 肇 事者绳 之 以 法 的各项建议 做了些 什么 。
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Civicus - World Alliance For Citizen Participation welcomed new laws adopted on nongovernmental and non-profit organizations asking the Government to report publicly, accurately and comprehensively how these laws had been implemented and what had been done in relation to various
[...]
recommendations to improve the
[...] protection of civil society space, namely to ensure freedom of expression, [...]
assembly, association and
[...]
the right to participate in public and political life, to adopt a National Plans of Action to improve the human rights situation and to implement some of the recommendations of the Treaty Bodies on freedom of peaceful assembly, to investigate all reports of assaults on human rights defenders and bring to justice those responsible.
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第二部分概述各项权利和自由为:生命和人的尊严权、自由权、妇女和儿
[...]
童权利、隐私权、公正审理和诉讼权、个人财产权、宗教权、受教育权、投票
[...] 权、有特殊需要者和老年人权利、公共卫生保健权、知情权、种族和文化社群的 权利、法律面前人人平等权;良心、言论、集会、行动 结社自由 , 免遭酷刑、 奴隶、奴役和强制劳动的自由以及限制死刑。
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Part Two summarizes the rights and freedoms as: right to life and human dignity, liberty, rights of the women and children, rights to a privacy, rights to a fair trial and litigation , right to own property, right to religion, right to education, right to participate in voting, right of persons with special needs and elderly, right to public health care, rights to access
[...]
information, rights of ethnic
[...] and cultural communities and the equality before the law; freedom of conscience, [...]
expression, assembly,
[...]
movement and association, freedom from torture, slavery, servitude and forced labour and restriction on death penalty.
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结社自由的《 宪法》和法律条款设立了一个有利框架,促进活动的多样性,包括 [...]
人权领域的活动,以及在整个国土范围内的扩展。
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The constitutional and
[...] legislative provisions on freedom of association [...]
have thus made it possible to create a more favourable
[...]
framework for the diversification of their activities, including in the field of human rights, and their expansion throughout the whole country.
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新《宪法》(2008 年 8 月 7 日获得批准)保证公民权利、政治权利和基本自 由。除其他外,其中包括:生命权;不受歧视的权利;公正和公开审判权;不受
[...]
任意拘留的权利;保释权;免于被迫招供权利;获得法律援助的权利;禁止酷刑
[...] 或有辱人格的待遇;上诉权利;因为遭受非法逮捕或拘留而获得赔偿的权利;投 票(投票年龄降至 18 岁)和担任公职的权利;见解和言论自由;隐私权;知情 权结社自由;集 会自由;移徙自由;以及向包括儿童、青少年、老年人及有特 需的人在内的弱势群体提供特别保护。
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The new Constitution (ratified on 7 August 2008) guarantees civil and political rights and fundamental freedoms including, inter alia: the right to life; right to nondiscrimination; right to fair and public trials; protection from arbitrary detention; right to bail; freedom from forced confession; right to legal aid; prohibition of torture or degrading treatment; right to appeal; access to compensation for unlawful arrest or detention; right to vote (voting age reduced
[...]
to 18) and to hold
[...] public office; freedom of opinion and expression; right to privacy; right to information; freedom [...]
of association; freedom
[...]
of assembly; freedom of movement; and provision of special protection to vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents, elders, and people with special needs.
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2月25日,非洲集团在人权理事会上对通过有关
[...]
利比亚人权局势的第 A/HRC/S-15/2 号决议表示支持,
[...] 因为本集团相信《联合国公民及政治权利公约》第 19 条、第 21 条和第 22 条以及 1981 年通过的《非洲人 权和人民权利宪章》第 9 条、第 10 条和第 11 条都规 定了享有言论自由、和平集会 结社自由 的 权 利。
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The African Group at the Human Rights Council supported the adoption, on 25 February, of resolution A/HRC/S-15/2 on the situation of human rights in Libya in the conviction that the rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and freedom of association were provided for both in articles 19, 21 and 22 of the United
[...]
Nations Covenant on
[...] Civil and Political Rights and in articles 9, 10 and 11 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, [...]
adopted in 1981.
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最不发
[...] 达国家政府应维护和保障基本劳动权利,包 结社自由 , 并 拟订执行《国际劳工 组织全球就业公约》的国家计划,让社会伙伴和有代表性的民间社会组织切实参 与。
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LDC governments should uphold and guarantee core labour
[...] rights, including freedom of association, [...]
and prepare national plans for the implementation
[...]
of the ILO Global Jobs Pact with the meaningful participation of social partners and representative civil society organizations.
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例如,该国代表团提到 了言论自由、新自由、结社自由、 拘 禁条件、司法机关、青少年犯法和消除贫 穷的方面。
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As an example, the delegation mentioned the areas of the freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of association, detention conditions, the judiciary, juvenile delinquency and the eradication of poverty.
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摩洛哥高度评价对于言自由、 结社自由以及媒体自由的法律保护。
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It valued legal protections of the freedoms of opinion, association and the media.
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根据独立的民间社 会组织在民主社会中发挥的重要作用,特别报告员鼓励该国政府为它们的发展创 建有利的环境,使它们能够在没有报复恐惧的情况下开展各项活动,确 结社自 由权利和意见与言论自由权利。
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In the light of the important role played by independent civil society organizations in democratic societies, the Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to create a favourable environment for their development, in which their activities may be conducted without fear of reprisal and where the rights to freedom of association and freedom of opinion and expression are ensured.
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其中明确规定了以下权利和自由:生命权、身心健康权、个人自由、抗辩
[...]
权、迁徙自由、个人及家庭隐私权、住处不受侵犯权、通信保密权、良知自由、
[...] 言论自由、知情权、教育权、接触文化的权利、健康保护权、拥有健康环境的权 利、选举权、被选举权、集自由、 结社自由 、 工 作权与劳动社会保障权、禁止 强迫劳动、罢工权、私有财产权、经济自由、继承权、享受体面生活的权利、儿 [...]
童与青年受保护权、残疾人受保护权、请愿权、遭受公共部门侵害者的权利。
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The following rights and freedoms are expressly provided for: right to life, right to physical and mental integrity, individual freedom, right to defense, freedom of movement, personal and family privacy, inviolability of domicile, secrecy of correspondence, freedom of conscience, freedom of expression, right to information, right to education, access to culture, rights to protection of health, right to a healthy environment,
[...]
right to vote, right to
[...] be elected, freedom of assembly, right of association, right to work and social protection of labour, [...]
prohibition of forced
[...]
labour, right to strike, right of private property, economic freedom, right of inheritance, right to a decent standard of living, protection of children and young people, protection of disabled persons, right of petition, right of a person aggrieved by a public authority.
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受到限制的包括言论由和结社自 由,因 为这种限制往往伴随着对证人、受害者及其家人的恫吓。
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These include the freedom of expression and the freedom of association, as they often go hand in hand with the intimidation of witnesses, victims and their families.
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共同致函的还有任意拘留问题工作组主席兼报告
[...] [...] 员、增进和保护见解和言论自由权利问题特别报告员、适足生活水准权所含适足 住房权利以及在这方面不受歧视的权利问题特别报告员、和平集会 结社自由权 利 问题特别报告员、宗教或信仰自由问题特别报告员、人权维护者境况问题特别 [...]
报告员、法官和律师独立性问题特别报告员和暴力侵害妇女、其原因和后果问题 特别报告员。
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The communication was joined by the Chair-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to nondiscrimination in this
[...]
context, the Special
[...] Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, [...]
the Special Rapporteur
[...]
on freedom of religion or belief, the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, and the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences.
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委员会可以得到的文件包括:各国政府在其报告中提供的资料,或是向大会标准实施
[...] 委员会提供的资料;有关的立法、集体协议和法院裁定;国家就监察结果提供的资料;雇主 组织与工人组织的评论,国际劳工组织其他机构(如调查委员会或是理事 结社自由 委员 会)的报告,以及技术合作活动的报告。
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Documentation available to the Committee includes the information supplied by governments in their reports or in the Conference Committee on the Application of Standards; relevant legislation, collective agreements and court decisions; information supplied by States on the results of inspections; comments of employers’ and workers’ organizations; reports of other ILO bodies (such as
[...]
commissions of inquiry or the Governing
[...] Body Committee on Freedom of Association) and reports of technical cooperation activities.
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和平的公众示威遭到 了镇压,包括任意逮捕、不按正当程序实施拘留、虐待和酷刑、羁押期间死亡问 题,以及对言论、集会结社自由的 限 制。
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Peaceful public demonstrations had been met with repression, including arbitrary arrest,
[...]
detention without due
[...] process, ill treatment and torture, deaths in custody, and restrictions on the freedoms of expression, assembly [...]
and association.
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委员会敦促缔约国采取一切必要措施,以处理关于第三次定期报告以及两项 《公约任择议定书》初次报告的结论性意见中尚未得到贯彻或充分贯彻的那些建
[...] 议,特别是有关协调、收集数据、宣传《公约》、歧视土著儿童和其他少数族裔 儿童结社自由、虐 待儿童以及对儿童进行性剥削等问题的建议。
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The Committee urges the State party to take all necessary measures to address those recommendations from the concluding observations on its third periodic report under the Convention and on its initial reports under the two Optional Protocols to the Convention that have not been implemented or insufficiently implemented, particularly those related to coordination, data collection, dissemination of the Convention, discrimination
[...]
against indigenous children and children belonging
[...] to other minorities, freedom of association, child [...]
abuse and sexual exploitation of children.
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在这些权利当中,最为重要的权利包括生命权、不被任意拘留的 权利、公正审判权以及言论 结社自由 权。
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Of these, the most important are the right to life,
[...]
the right to be free from arbitrary detention, the right to a
[...] fair trial and the freedoms of expression and association.
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联合专家委员会第九届会议重点通过两项建议书这一多棱镜来审视教学和教育方面令
[...] 人关切的重大专题,即:师范教育、专业的起始和继续发展;雇用关系,特别是资质不够的 合同制教师的发展;教师薪金,包括绩效工资或奖金;适宜的教学条件;教育方面的社会对 话;以及学术自由、雇用关系 结社自由 和 教 职人员参与高等教育决策。
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The ninth session of the CEART focused on the major themes of concern to teaching and education viewed through the prism of the two Recommendations on teachers: teacher education, initial and continual professional development; employment relationships, especially the growth in unqualified contractual teachers; teacher salaries, including performance or merit pay;
[...]
effective teaching and
[...] learning conditions; social dialogue in education; and academic freedom, employment relationships, freedom of association [...]
and staff participation
[...]
in decision-making in higher education.
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被侵犯的权利 包括但 不 限 于 : 免 受 歧视权,生 命和人身 安 全权, 人 类尊严权,免 受 酷 刑 、不人道 或 有 辱 人格待遇的自由 ,法律面前 人格获 得 承 认 的权利 , 免 受任意 拘压的权利 ,
[...]
诉 诸司法、法律援助和 代 理的权利 ,法律上
[...] 享有 平等保护的权利 , 获 得 赔偿和有效补救的权利 , 无 条 件 协 助 的权利 , 隐 私权,自 由流动权,信息和言论由 权、结社自由 权,倾 诉 权,不被 使用为奴隶和 免 受 强 迫或强制 劳 动的权利 ,享有公 正 和有利就业条 件 的权利 , 获 取 薪 [...]
酬 的权利 ,同工 同酬的权利,结婚权,健康权,身体完整权,生殖自决权,性别平等权。
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The rights violated include, but are not limited to: the right to freedom from discrimination, right to life and security of person, right to human dignity, freedom from torture, inhuman or degrading treatment, right to recognition as a person before the law, right to freedom from arbitrary detention, right to access to justice, legal aid and representation, right to equal protection before the law, right to compensation and effective remedy, and right to non-conditional assistance, right to privacy, right to freedom of
[...]
movement, right to information
[...] and freedom of expression, right to freedom of association, right to be heard, right not to be held in slavery and freedom from forced [...]
or compulsory labour,
[...]
right to just and favourable conditions of employment, right to remuneration, right to equal pay for equal work, right to marry, right to health, right to bodily integrity, right to reproductive self-determination, right to gender equality.
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宪法中的其它保障有:受保护免受奴役和强迫劳动;受保护免于被剥夺财 产;享有公平审判的权利;隐私权;良 自由 ; 结社自由 ; 集 会自由;行动自 由;政治权利;结婚的权利;妇女的权利;儿童的权利;受教育的权利;残疾人 权利;文化权利;受保护免受歧视等。
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Other guarantees in the Constitution are protection from slavery and forced labour; protection from deprivation of property; right to fair trial; right to privacy; freedom of conscience; freedom of association; freedom of assembly; freedom of movement; political rights; right to marry; rights of women; rights of children; right to education; rights of the disabled; cultural rights; protection from discrimination.
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因此,本报告对和平集会权利 结社自由权 利方面的最佳做法作了分别阐述。
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The present report therefore covers successively best practices related to the right of peaceful assembly and
[...] to the right to freedom of association.
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人权理事会第17/24 号决议还鼓励各相关专题特别程序任务负责人,尤其是
[...] 促进和保护见解和言论自由问题特别报告员;人权捍卫者境况特别报告员;法官 和律师独立性问题特别报告员;酷刑和其他残忍,不人道或有辱人格的待遇或惩 罚问题特别报告员;和平集会 结社自由 权 问 题特别报告员以及任意拘留问题工 作组按各自的任务分工,着重关注白俄罗斯境内的人权情势,并为高级专员的报 [...]
告及相关建议建言献策。
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In resolution 17/24, the Human Rights Council also encouraged relevant thematic special procedures mandate holders, in particular the special rapporteurs on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, on the situation of human rights defenders, on the independence of judges and lawyers, on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading
[...]
treatment or punishment, on
[...] the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances [...]
as well as the Working Group on Arbitrary
[...]
Detention, within their respective mandates, to pay particular attention to the human rights situation in Belarus and to contribute to the report of the High Commissioner with recommendations thereon.
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特别报告员鼓励该国政府从国际社会,特别是劳工组
[...] 织,获取培训和其他技术援助,以确保该法的实施符 结社自由 权 , 符合国际劳 工标准。
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The Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to seek training and other technical assistance from the international community, in particular ILO, to ensure
[...]
that implementation of the law is consistent
[...] with the right to freedom of association and [...]
international labour standards.
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人民议会通过的任何此种法律,只能在自由和民主社会明显 证明是合理的程度上限制权利和自由。”2
[...]
本章包括自由社会保障的所有基本权
[...] 利和自由,其中包括生命权、平等权利、不受歧视的自由、不受束缚的自由、经 济和社会权利、言自由、结社自由 的 权 利、禁止奴役,而且它首先规定了国家 保护和维护国家的自然环境、生物多样性、资源及美景的根本职责。
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Any such law enacted by the People’s Majlis can limit the rights and freedoms to any extent only if demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society”.2 The Chapter contains all fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed in a free society, including the right to life, the right to equality, freedom from
[...]
discrimination, freedom from restraint,
[...] economic and social rights, freedom of expression, freedom of [...]
association, prohibits slavery,
[...]
and in a first, it prescribes the State’s fundamental duty to protect and preserve the natural environment, biodiversity, resources and beauty of the country.
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由此,在实践中,一份来函如果 (a)
[...] 是由某个国家的或国际性的教师组织寄给国际劳工 组织或教科文组织的秘书处的,(b) 并与国际劳工组织或教科文组织的有关建议书的规定相 关,(c) 但又属于国际劳工组织的公约与建议书实施专家委员会 结社自由 管 理 机构委员会 或教科文组织的公约与建议委员会(CR)这类机构的职责范围,那么,该来函则应由秘书 处转交给这其中的一个机构,而不转交给联合委员会。
unesdoc.unesco.org
Accordingly, in practical terms, if a communication is (a) received at the Secretariat of ILO or UNESCO from a national or international teachers’ organization, and (b) relates to the provisions of the Recommendations concerning either ILO or UNESCO, but (c) also falls within
[...]
the competence of ILO
[...] committees such as the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations, or the Governing Body Committee on Freedom of Association, [...]
or the UNESCO Committee
[...]
on Conventions and Recommendations, the communication is then referred by the Secretariat to one of those bodies instead of to CEART.
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新闻权利、包括主张和发表意见的自由;
[...]
除上述权利之外,还有作为其必不可少之补充的其它权利,即:思想和信仰自由的权
[...] 利,不限国界不拘方法地去寻求、接收和传播新闻和思想的权利,保护任何科学、文学或艺 术成果带来的精神和物质利益的权利,与教育、科学、文化和新闻活动有关的集会 结社自 由的权利。
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To those rights are added others which constitute their indispensable complement, namely the right to freedom of thought and conscience, the right to seek, receive and impart, regardless of frontiers, information and ideas by any means whatsoever, the right to protection of the moral and material interests deriving from any scientific, literary or
[...]
artistic production,
[...] and the right to freedom of assembly and association for activities connected [...]
with education, science, culture or information.
unesdoc.unesco.org
由于重要的利益攸关方同缅甸所有的公民一样,都享有言 自由 、结 社自由和参 与政治的权利,特别报告员鼓励政府谋求各种手段,将所有各方都纳 入民族和解及过渡进程之中。
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As important stakeholders, like all citizens of Myanmar, have the right to freedom of expression, freedom of association and political participation, the Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to find the means to include all parties in the national reconciliation and transition processes.
daccess-ods.un.org
设计该调查问卷的目
[...] 的是收集立法、国际标准和国家法律;就业和社会福利制度 结社自由 和 工会权利;纳税地 位和税制;以及艺术家的国际流动等方面的基本信息。
unesdoc.unesco.org
The questionnaire was designed to collect basic information on legislation, international
[...]
standards and national laws;
[...] employment and social welfare systems; freedom of association [...]
and trade union rights; tax status
[...]
and taxation; and the international mobility of artists.
unesdoc.unesco.org
(f) 有系统地对和平集会结社自由以及 意见与言论自由不断严加限制,包 括对新闻媒体、互联网用户和工会严加限制,进一步骚扰、恐吓、迫害伊朗社会 各阶层政治反对派人士和人权维护者,包括逮捕和暴力镇压劳工领袖、和平集会 [...]
劳工以及学生,此外尤其注意到人权维护中心被强行关闭,一些工作人员随后遭 到逮捕和骚扰
daccess-ods.un.org
(f) Ongoing, systemic and serious
[...] restrictions of freedom of peaceful assembly and association and freedom of opinion [...]
and expression, including
[...]
those imposed on the media, Internet users and trade unions, and increasing harassment, intimidation and persecution of political opponents and human rights defenders from all sectors of Iranian society, including arrests and violent repression of labour leaders, labour members peacefully assembling and students, noting in particular the forced closure of the Defenders of Human Rights Centre and the subsequent arrest and harassment of a number of its staff
daccess-ods.un.org
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