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External sources (not reviewed)

The civil, commercial and social courts are competent to hear civil and commercial cases and individual labour disputes.

In addition, training manuals on alternative dispute resolution, restorative justice and judicial ethics were developed and published.

The proposed support account resources for the Office of Legal Affairs would enable the Office to continue to provide legal assistance and advice on the myriad support functions relating to the Organization’s peacekeeping activities and operations, including: arrangements with Governments, procurement activities and contracting for logistical requirements, the resolution of disputes and claims, the implementation and enhancement of the Organization’s accountability measures, the interpretation and application of the Financial Regulations and Rules and Staff Regulations and Rules of the United Nations for proper administration, reforms thereof, and the defence of the interests of the Secretary-General and the Organization in the recently established system for the administration of justice.

The Ministers reaffirmed that within the implementation of the Sharm El Sheikh Declaration, which reflects the institutional positions of the Movement vis-a-vis various international issues, and the documents adopted by the previous NAM Summits and Ministerial Conferences, due consideration should be given to maximizing the ability of the Movement to deal with the current rapidly evolving global situations, crises and challenges.

But in trying to resolve it, ASEAN, under Indonesia’s leadership, has laid out a methodology for dealing with future disputes.

These matters include the questions whether: (a) the grantor has to be the same person as the borrower; (b) the security agreement secures all the relevant obligations; (c) the security right is subject to any legal restrictions; (d) there must be a clear payment schedule in the credit; (e) there are any special rights or obligations (such as rights of way or rights of access to a site); (f) there are any special obligations for the preservation of encumbered assets; (g) there are any obligations not to transfer the encumbered asset or create another security right in it; (h) ways in which the grantor and other interested parties could be notified in the case of default and enforcement; (i) there should be a reference to extrajudicial enforcement; and (j) there should be a dispute resolution clause.

Particularly noteworthy are the agreements on improving growth and employment, social security reform, implementation of the Aliens Act, the drafting of the Dependence Act, the revaluation of pensions and of the statutory minimum wage, the extension of collective bargaining, extrajudicial dispute settlement, enhanced protection against agrarian unemployment, continuing education and prevention of occupational hazards.

Thus, this priority status does not apply to a priority dispute between a security right created by a licensor and a security right created by a licensee.

In this regard, States and all relevant actors including international financial institutions, bilateral or multilateral lenders and private financial institutions should consider the establishment of an international debt workout mechanism to restructure unsustainable debts and resolve debt disputes in a fair, transparent, efficient and timely manner.

The OIC has recently played an important role in Iraq and succeeded in putting an end to the sectarian strife between the Sunni and Shiite factions of Iraqi society in 2006.

[...] [...] new partnerships and activities in support [...]

The extortion of its citizens by ruthless and callous warlords; the mushrooming and proliferation of piracy along its coasts and adjacent sea lanes; the unconscionable plundering of its maritime resources by extraneous forces; the instrumentalization of the weak and fragmented entities by neighbouring countries both to extract unfair and illicit agreements or to use these fragile mini-States as an appendage of their domestic economies are some of the disturbing realities that this simmering Somali situation has given rise to.

The loss of documentation, the destruction of landmarks, the deaths of property owners, and the need to formalise previously informal arrangements all add a new layer of complexity to existing land-ownership issues.

The continued delay in adopting the legislation is a concern, given the contentious nature of most land disputes, many of which have led to violent confrontations between opposing groups and communities.

High unemployment rates, combined with the difficult economic situation currently affecting Honduras, drives Hondurans to emigrate to more developed countries that can offer a better standard of living, notwithstanding the frequent violations of their human rights in transit countries and destination countries that are committed not only by ordinary criminals and organized crime but also by migration authorities, police, the army and civil authorities in general, a situation that is exacerbated by new laws criminalizing irregular migration.

The Thais warned that if their public opinion turned against Cambodia over the temple dispute, the Joint Development Area projects in the Gulf of Thailand would not go ahead.

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These conflicting impacts explain why the introduction of patent protection in India is so controversial.

The US does not favour an amendment to 31(f), but a moratorium on dispute settlement proceedings to achieve the same effect.

SII claims no responsibility for any disputes arising out of or in connection with any infringement by products including this IC of patents owned by a third party.

[...] [...] and people at war, but a [...]

This may involve assistance in setting up domestic law transfer pricing rules, as well as training tax officials to deal with transfer pricing issues and disputes.

In the event of a dispute arising from different interpretations of the provisions of the treaty or of a refusal to honour a negotiated agreement, it is essential to establish appropriate procedures and mechanisms for settling disputes amicably and through dialogue.

One member remarked that the proposal to provide security-related funding for Somalia was unusual as the Executive Committee had not approved security-related funding for almost 20 years, although many countries had experienced wars, civil unrest, and other internal strife during that historical time frame.

Indeed, before individuals can assert a State party’s failure to apply the law, they must first invoke the law in question before national courts, to give the State the opportunity to remedy the contentious situation itself.

19. We reaffirm the need for the Government of the Argentine Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to resume negotiations in accordance with the principles and the objectives of the United Nations Charter and the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly, in order to find, as soon as possible, a peaceful solution to the sovereignty dispute relating to “the Question of the Malvinas Islands”, which seriously damages the economic capacities of the Argentine Republic and the need for both parties to refrain from taking decisions that would imply introducing unilateral modifications in the situation while the Islands are going through the process recommended by the General Assembly.

The resolution of political and long-standing conflicts and removal of the principle causes of struggles and terrorism, particularly in regions of the world where tensions are highest, and where terrorist groups are widely found; the improvement of political relations; and building of trust and mutual understanding between countries are all roads towards the rejection of nuclear armament and acquisition policies and the reduction or restriction of opportunities for terrorists to obtain nuclear weapons.

We also need to become better equipped to anticipate and prevent the risk of conflict, including by building local and national capacities to respond to climate-related threats and to prevent them through diplomacy that helps Governments manage potential disputes over scarce resources.