| 单词 | 社会等级 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 社会等级 noun —class n社会等级 —caste • social rank See also:社会 adj—social adj 社会 n—societal n • societies pl 等级 n—hierarchy n • level n • rating n • step n • scale n • notch n • degree n • ranking n 等级—status • rank 会社—(in olden times) an association such as a political party, religious group or trade guild • a guild • the Japanese word for company
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除了两性不平等外，父权主义还阻碍社会 交流，并划分社会等级。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition [...] to gender inequality, patriarchalism impedes social mobility and stratifies social hierarchies. daccess-ods.un.org |
其目的是为 了保证不同社会等级之间 、城乡之间、健康儿童与残疾儿童之间的平等性。 daccess-ods.un.org | The aim is to guarantee equality of opportunity between social classes, between [...] towns and rural areas and between children [...]with and without a disability. daccess-ods.un.org |
朝鲜严格的社会等级制度和集权制度，导致 包括粮食在内的所有资源都集中在当权派和军事机 构手中，阻碍了国家的整体发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result of the country’s highly [...] centralized and hierarchical structure, all [...]its resources, including food resources, [...]were being diverted by the ruling elite and the military, to the detriment of general development. daccess-ods.un.org |
尽管人均收入相对较高( 按阿特拉斯法计算，2006 年人均国民收入为 1 060 美元)，使该国位列低等级内的中等收入国家，但自 2002 [...] 年以来，吉布提 面临贫困扩大化的问题，涉及所有 社会等级 和 所有地理位置：42%的人每天生活 费用不足 [...]2 美元。 daccess-ods.un.org | Despite a relatively high per capita income (gross national income per capita, Atlas method, of $1,060 in 2006) that places it among the lower middle income countries, Djibouti has, [...] since 2002, been hit by widespread [...] poverty affecting all social categories and all [...]parts of the country: 42 per cent of [...]its inhabitants live on less than $2 a day. daccess-ods.un.org |
本章将注重妇女的社会“地位”问题，这是指妇女所处 的 社会等级 和 在 权力 关系框架中所占的地位。 daccess-ods.un.org | This chapter dwells on the status of women in society, in other words, their [...] position in the social hierarchy and the power [...]structure. daccess-ods.un.org |
共同体同意特别报告员的观点， 即该行动应把社会等级和种 族或种族归属之间的关 系作为重点，并鼓励所有政府采取措施纠正奴隶制、 [...] 种族隔离和殖民主义带来的结构不平衡。 daccess-ods.un.org | It shared the Special Rapporteur’s [...] view that such action should focus on [...] the links between social class and race or ethnicity [...]and encouraged all Governments [...]to take action to redress the structural imbalances caused by slavery, segregation and colonialism. daccess-ods.un.org |
如特别报告员在他的报告(E/CN.4/2006/5)第 [...] 17 和 18 段中指出，父权主义 是一种社会等级制度 ，这种制度规定男性比女性优越，尽管它也为男子确定了严 [...]格的角色，甚至将两性对立区分开来。 daccess-ods.un.org | As noted by the Special Rapporteur in paragraphs 17 and 18 of [...] his report (E/CN.4/2006/45), [...] patriarchalism is a system of social order imposing the [...]supremacy of men over women, although [...]it also determines strict roles for men and even divides the sexes against themselves. daccess-ods.un.org |
另有一个颠覆传统 社会等级制度 和权力关系的实例，当地人自己通过公开竞争选择技术助理。 daccess-ods.un.org | In another example of [...] reversing traditional societal hierarchies and [...]power relations, the local people themselves also selected [...]the technical assistant through a public competition. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，金融市场在住房和基础设施建设方面增加的作用在马德里、墨西哥 城或圣 地 亚哥等 极 [...] 不相同 的 大 都 会产生 了一种基于经济地位 或 社 会等级 的新形式 的 歧 视。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thus the increased role of financial markets in the production of housing and infrastructure has produced in metropolitan areas as [...] different as those of Madrid, Mexico City or Santiago a new form of discrimination [...] based on economic status or social class. daccess-ods.un.org |
老年妇女更为脆弱的 原因是，体力和生理差别会使她们在对自然灾害作出最初反应时处于不利地位， [...] 社会准则和强加的角色影响了她们应对灾害的方式，以 及 社会等级 制 导 致援助和 资源分配不平等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Older women are more vulnerable because of physical and biological differences that can place them at a disadvantage in their initial response to natural hazards, because of social norms and given roles that affect the way they [...] react to a disaster, and because of an inequitable distribution of aid and [...] resources resulting from social hierarchies. daccess-ods.un.org |
平等和不歧视是人权法律的基本要旨；歧视的定义是“基于种族、出生 [...] 地、政治见解、肤色、信仰、年龄、残疾、婚姻状况、性别、社会性别、语言、 出生、社会等级、怀 孕、宗教、良心、信仰或文化等理由”。 daccess-ods.un.org | Equality and non discrimination are basic tenets of the human rights corpus; discrimination is defined [...] “on the grounds of race, place of origin, political opinion, colour, creed, age, disability, marital status, sex, gender, [...] language, birth, social class, pregnancy, [...]religion, conscience, belief or culture. daccess-ods.un.org |
她赞扬 [...] 在这一分配方式中的非常积极的方面，根据这一方式，任 何 社会等级 和 财 富 拥有情况的所有人都有机会为住房目的使用土地。 daccess-ods.un.org | She commends the very positive [...] aspect of this allocation, which gives access to land to all in order to have [...] housing regardless of social class and wealth. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，孟加拉由于没有全国性的医疗保健报销制度，保险缴纳按 照 社会等级 来 划 分，贫富悬殊造成了贫困人群患病后因经济原因不能得到及时救助。 asiancancer.com | Lastly, as there is no national medical insurance to cover [...] the treatment cost and the insurance [...] is classified according to social status, many [...]poor patients failed to get treatment due to financial problem. asiancancer.com |
在实验室条件下，研究了性刚成熟的雌性根田鼠对一对互为同胎同胞的以体重划分为优势和从势的雄性个体的择偶行为，目的在于检验雄 性 社会等级 是 否影响其配偶选择。 actazool.org | A series of animal behavioral experiments were designed to investigate morphological and behavioral factors affecting mate choice in the polygynous root vole (Microtus oeconomus). actazool.org |
这些结果说明，体重差异可以作为划分雄性优势的指标 ， 社会等级 可 以 作为择偶行为的一个依据。 actazool.org | In an experiment of dyadic interaction of male full siblings, the heavier sibling was significantly more dominant than the other, so the heavier sibling was regarded as the dominant. actazool.org |
巴拿马宪法规定，工作既是一项权利也是一项义务，并禁止基于种族、出 身、残疾、社会等级、性 别、宗教或政治思想原因的劳务歧视。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Panamanian Constitution provides that work is both a right and a duty, and [...] bans labour discrimination on the grounds of race, [...] birth, disability, social class, gender, religion [...]or political ideas. daccess-ods.un.org |
它一方面确定了权利持有人（妇女、儿童和男性） 和 应 得 [...] 的 权 利 ，另 [...] 一 方 面 确 定 了 责 任 承 担 者 （ 例 如 ，主 要是国家及其代理人；但是在不同的 社会等级 都 有责 任 承 担 者 ，包 括 家 庭 的 和 社 区 的 ，还 有 国 家 和 国 际 等 级）和他们的义务，并加强权利持有人提出权利要求 [...] [...] 的能力和责任承担人满足其权利要求的能力。 globalprotectioncluster.org | ensure that the participation is meaningful and effective for the individual and the humanitarian actor. globalprotectioncluster.org |
早期干预能够降低社会不平等 相关研究证实幼儿保育和教育可以抵消不利地位和脆弱性的负面影响，不 论是否存在贫穷、性别、种族/族裔、 社会等级 或 宗 教等潜在因素（教科文组 织，2006 年，第 113 页）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Research firmly supports that ECCE can compensate for disadvantage and vulnerability, regardless of underlying factors such as poverty, gender, race/ethnicity, caste or religion (UNESCO, 2006, p. 113). unesdoc.unesco.org |
根田鼠是一雄多雌制，而且具有较大的偏雄性二型，提 示 社会等级 、 雌 性选择和婚配制度有密切关联［动物学报 49(3)：303～309，2003］。 actazool.org | We hypothesise that interspecific variation in male dominance is consistent with the observed variation in body mass dimorphism among monogamous, polygynous, and promiscuous vole species. Therefore, female mate choice for larger males can determine how polygamous vole species differ from monogamous and promiscuous ones ［Acta Zoologica Sinica 49(3):303-309,2003］. actazool.org |
2 这绝不是为了偶尔或个别的目的，这种暴力遵循 的是一条体制性的逻辑“拟划定和维持种族、性别、性特征和阶层之 间 社会等级 高低 差别的关系，由此使得遭排斥族群长久处于不平等的地位”。 daccess-ods.un.org | Women subjected to continuous violence and living under conditions of gender-based discrimination and threat are always on ―death row, always in fear of execution‖.1 This results in the inability to live, and is a [...] major part of the death [...] process when the lethal act finally occurs.2 Rather than serving isolated or individual purposes, such violence follows institutional logic ―to delineate and sustain hierarchical social relations of [...]race, gender, sexuality [...]and class and, thereby, to perpetuate the inequality of marginalized communities‖.3 16. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是并非所有难以或无法进行自我理毛的部位得到均匀的相互理毛，相互理毛主要集中在背部和肛门繁殖区，不同年龄性别组的相互理毛受 到 社会等级 的 影 响，相互理毛的这种选择性分配，说明除了有卫生功能外还应该有其它的功能含义。 actazool.org | The distribution of allogrooming behavior on body surface areas strongly suggests that cleaning is an important motivation for such activity; therefore, the results support the hygienic functional hypothesis. actazool.org |
这 12 个员额包括行政领导和管理项下的一个 P-2 协理经济事务干事员额；次级 方案 1(与全球经济的联系、区域一体化及合作)下的一个 P-2 [...] 员额；次级方案 2(生 产和创新)下的一个 P-2 员额；次级方案 [...] 3(宏观经济政策和增长)下的一个 P-2 员额；次级方案 5(社会发展与平等)下的一个 P-2 员额；次级方案 12(墨西哥和 [...]中美洲的次区域活动)下的一个 P-2 员额；次级方案 13(加勒比次区域活动)下的 [...]1 个当地雇员员额；方案支助项下的一个 P-4 临时员额、一个 P-2 员额和 3 个当 地雇员员额。 daccess-ods.un.org | These 12 posts comprise one P-2 post of Associate Economic Affairs Officer under executive direction and management; one P-2 post under subprogramme 1, Linkages with the global economy, regional integration and cooperation; one P-2 post under subprogramme 2, Production and innovation; one P-2 post under subprogramme 3, Macroeconomic policies and [...] growth; one P-2 post under [...] subprogramme 5, Social development and equality; one P-2 post under [...]subprogramme 12, Subregional [...]activities in Mexico and Central America; one Local level post under subprogramme 13, Subregional activities in the Caribbean; and one P-4 temporary post, one P-2 post and three Local level posts under programme support. daccess-ods.un.org |
秘书长在报告第 2 段中指出，安全理事会 2009 年 9 月 30 日第 [...] 1888(2009)号决议请他任命一名特别代表，进行统一战略领导，有效开 [...] 展工作以加强现有的联合国协调机制，并向各国政府，包括军队和司法 部门代表，以及向武装冲突的所有各方和民 间 社会等 方 面 开展宣传工 作，以便在总部和国家一级处理武装冲突中的性暴力问题，同时主要通 过“联合国制止冲突中性暴力行为”这一机构间举措(下称“联合国行 [...] 动”)，推动所有利益攸关方之间的合作与协调。 daccess-ods.un.org | In paragraph 2 of his report, the Secretary-General indicates that, in its resolution 1888 (2009) of 30 September 2009, the Security Council requested that he appoint a Special Representative to provide coherent and strategic leadership, to work effectively to strengthen existing United Nations coordination mechanisms and to engage in advocacy efforts, inter alia, with Governments, including military and judicial representatives, as well as with [...] all parties to armed [...] conflict and civil society, in order to address, at both Headquarters and the country level, sexual violence in [...]armed conflict, while [...]promoting cooperation and coordination of efforts among all relevant stakeholders, primarily through the inter-agency initiative “United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict” (hereinafter “United Nations Action”). daccess-ods.un.org |
这一做法对于提 [...] 供有效的补救和减少基于性别的暴力行为的发生至关重要，因为可查明各种形式 的歧视在哪里与暴力侵害妇女交织在一起，以及造成允许暴力发生 的 社会 信 念得 以存在的环境的各种等级现象。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such an approach is crucial to the provision of effective remedies and to lessening the incidence of gender-based violence, by identifying where forms of discrimination intersect with violence [...] against women, and also the various forms of [...] stratification that contextualize the societal beliefs that allow abuse to occur. daccess-ods.un.org |
该构想规定，将最低工资的设定由通过总统令进行改为通过政府决定进 行，修正薪酬等级制度，生产性经济部门雇员适用 8 级制，财政预算机构雇员适 用“单级薪酬制”，为每一薪酬类别设定薪 酬 等级 ， 以 确保雇员薪酬根据个人业绩 存在差异，按每月津贴办法设定承担公共责任的人员的薪酬，作为唯一形式的薪 酬，国家通过社会对话解决薪酬问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Concept stipulates the switch from setting the minimal salary through Presidential Decree to its setting by Government Decision, amendment of the grades system of remuneration with the application of a 8 step gradation for employees of the production sector of economy and the Single Grades Remuneration System for the employees of the [...] budgetary institution by [...] setting remuneration grades for each remuneration category to ensure differentiation of employees’ remuneration according to individual performance and setting remuneration to persons with public responsibilities on the basis of monthly allowances as the only form of remuneration, state regulation of remuneration through the means of social dialogue. daccess-ods.un.org |
计划考虑了 131 项措施，这些措施可以分为下列 10 个主题：待 遇平等；社会融合 ，打击种族主义和仇外心理；消除性别暴力；西班牙人在国外 的权利；宗教自由；有效司法保护(扩展 二 级 刑 事 审判及其他)；对恐怖主义活动 等的受害者的关怀和照顾；个人自由与国家安全力量和部队(防止酷刑的国家机 制，保障被拘押者的权利，对国家安全力量和部队进行人权方面的培训和教育 等)；庇护权利和对不驱回原则的尊重；社会权利(教育、住房、健康、就业范 畴、残疾人、个人自主权、儿童)；为个人发展而享有良好环境的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Domestic policy measures: A total of 131 measures are [...] planned, under 10 [...] main themes: equality of treatment, integration and combating racism and xenophobia; combating gender-based violence; the rights of Spaniards abroad; religious freedom; effective judicial protection (including the generalization of the right to a second hearing); care for victims [...](of terrorism, for [...]example); personal freedom and the State security forces (national mechanism for the prevention of torture, guarantees for persons held incommunicado, and human rights training for those forces, inter alia); the right of asylum and respect for the principle of non-refoulement; social rights (education, housing, health care, employment, persons with disabilities, personal autonomy, childhood); and the right to an environment conducive to personal development. daccess-ods.un.org |
这次部长级会议赞同并通过了承诺文件草案，其中呼吁加强国家法律的 施行和各项政策、包括将两性平等纳 入 主流和预算编制工作的执行，以推进妇女 的经济、社会和政 治权利；融合全面的艾滋病毒/艾滋病以及性保健和生殖保健 方案，同时尽可能多地利用保健系统加强工作方面的现有资源，增加用于预防的 预算并提高其方案优先次序；作为减轻/适应气候变化举措的一部分，在政策、 战略和计划中纳入对人口动态和健康影响的分析。 daccess-ods.un.org | The ministerial meeting endorsed and adopted the draft commitment document, which called for strengthening the enforcement of national laws and the implementation of policies, including gender mainstreaming and budgeting, to advance women’s economic, social and political rights; [...] integrating comprehensive [...]HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health programmes, maximizing the use of available resources within health system strengthening, and increasing budgets and programmatic priority for prevention; and incorporating analysis of population dynamics and health impacts in policies, strategies and plans, as part of initiatives for climate change mitigation/adaptation. daccess-ods.un.org |
安全理事会确认，双边和多边行动者，包括欧洲联盟、非洲联盟和西 非经共体，支持打击跨国有组织犯罪的努力，呼吁国 际 社会 和 联 合国系统加 强与区域组织的合作，加强与关于西非有罪不罚和人权问题巴马科部 长 级会 议、非洲大西洋国家部长级会议、8 国集团关于跨大西洋贩运可卡因问题巴 黎会议和关于清除跨国非法网络的跨大西洋专题讨 论 会等 区 域 举措的合作。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Security Council recognizes the support provided by bilateral and multilateral actors, including the European Union, African Union and ECOWAS to [...] efforts aimed at [...] combating transnational organized crime and calls on the international community and the UN system to strengthen their cooperation with regional organizations, and initiatives such as the Bamako Ministerial Conference on Impunity and Human Rights in West Africa, the Ministerial Conference of African Atlantic States, the G8 Paris [...]Conference on Transatlantic [...]Trafficking of Cocaine and the Transatlantic Symposium on Dismantling Transnational Illicit Networks. daccess-ods.un.org |
联合国邀请各国政府与包括合作社、联合国机构和民 间 社会等 所 有利益相关方设立一个全国委员会，以共同协调筹备和纪念在国家 一 级 的 20 12国际合作社年（国际合作社年）活动。 un.org | The United Nations invited Governments to set up a national committee, together with all relevant [...] stakeholders, including [...] cooperatives, UN agencies and civil society, to coordinate activities in the preparation and observance of the International Year of Cooperatives 2012 (IYC) at the national level. un.org |
4 条和第28 条所规定的经济、社会和 文化权利的原则。然而，一些国家反对 纳入这样一项规定，其理由是：这种做法会造成权利 的 等级 ； 会 违 反 关于所有人 权不可分割和互相依赖的原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | A number of States, however, [...] opposed the inclusion of such a provision, on the grounds that it would create a hierarchy of rights that would run counter to the principle of indivisibility and interdependence [...]of all human rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。