| 单词 | 磷化氢 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 磷化氢 noun —phosphine nSee also:磷化 n—phosphide n 氢化 n—hydride n 氢化 adj—hydrocortisone 氢化—hydrogenation
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就经济可行性而言，报告称，磷化氢 比 甲 基溴便宜得多；还有报告说，它已经广泛 [...] 登记，并且广泛供应。 multilateralfund.org | With respect to economic [...] feasibility, phosphine was generally [...]reported to be substantially cheaper than MB; it was also [...]reported as widely registered and available. multilateralfund.org |
同样重 [...] 要的是化学品和机械的处理使用；在某些场合，人们也注意到了提高工人保护标准以降 低安全风险的必要性，特别是涉及 磷化氢 的 适 用时。 multilateralfund.org | Equally important is safe handling of chemicals and machinery; a need to improve worker [...] protection standards to reduce safety hazards was noted on some occasions, particularly [...] in relation to phosphine application. multilateralfund.org |
同样重要的是监测替代品的性能表现， 以确保其性能表现的连续性（例如，检 查 磷化氢 抗 力 ，杀虫剂适当适用和熏蒸办法培训）。 multilateralfund.org | Equally important is monitoring performance of alternatives to ensure continuity of their [...] performance (for example, [...] checking for phosphine resistance, training in appropriate pesticide application/fumigation [...]methods). multilateralfund.org |
肯尼亚已经选择磷化 氢加冷却作为一种方便的选择。 multilateralfund.org | In Kenya, phosphine plus cooling has been [...] selected as a convenient option. multilateralfund.org |
(c) 能力建设和建立抗虫性控制机构，以研究当地害虫 对 磷化氢 的 抗性和制定害虫防 治标准 multilateralfund.org | (c) Building capacity and establishing the insect resistance control unit [...] to study the phosphine resistance of [...]local pests as well as develop pest control standards multilateralfund.org |
委员会就成功利用磷化氢熏蒸 法需要采用哪些步骤（包括改 良温度控制）向该缔约方提供了建议。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | The Committee advised the party on steps to achieve [...] success with phosphine fumigation, including [...]improved temperature control. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
所选替代技术是用于烟草行业的浮盘系统以及用于商品行业 的 磷化氢 熏 蒸 技术。 multilateralfund.org | The alternative technologies selected were the floating tray system for the [...] tobacco sector and phosphine fumigation for [...]the commodities sector. multilateralfund.org |
因为依靠单一的虫害防治措施来保护该国大部分粮食供应是不安全的，也是 不可持续的，因此，建议在证明 磷化氢 处 理 无效时引入其他替代物质。 multilateralfund.org | As reliance on a single pest control measure for protection of a major component of the country’s food supply is unsafe and may not be [...] sustainable, it has been suggested that other alternatives be introduced in [...] the event that phosphine treatments prove [...]ineffective. multilateralfund.org |
出现这些偏差的原因，包括海关干事训练不足，与津巴布韦臭氧办公室缺乏沟通 （2011 年，该国未获得臭氧办公室的必要批准或许可，却允许进口甲基溴项；但情况 [...] 早已经矫正），外加一个种植者人数急剧增加的产业需要进一步培训；在埃及，化学替 [...] 代品的登记过程缓慢而困难（见相应案例研究的说明）；在肯尼亚，项目实施多次延迟， 为了能用磷化氢处理谷物，调整适应筒仓也需要更多时间；在摩洛哥，甲基溴主要用于 [...] 生产青菜豆，这是一个新兴行业，在不断扩大，只在最近才对该行业实施替代做了研究， [...]7 该行业可用的化学替代品登记的很少。 multilateralfund.org | Reasons for these deviations include insufficient training of customs officers and lack of communication with the Ozone Office in Zimbabwe (imported MB was allowed into the country in 2011 8 without the required validation or permit from the Ozone Office, but situation has since been corrected), plus a requirement for further training in an industry where the number of growers has increased dramatically; in Egypt, a slow and difficult registration process for chemical alternatives (as described in the corresponding case study); in Kenya, delays in project implementation and additional time needed to [...] make adjustments to silos so grain [...] can be treated with phosphine; in Morocco, MB [...]is mainly used in the production of green [...]beans, a new and expanding sector where research on the implementation of alternatives has only been conducted very recently and for which few chemical alternatives are registered. multilateralfund.org |
报告称，磷化氢通常 要比得到广泛登记和提供的甲基溴便宜得多。 multilateralfund.org | Phosphine was generally reported to [...] be substantially cheaper than MB, widely registered and available. multilateralfund.org |
在这方面，秘书处与世界银行讨论了减少履约时间的可能性，考虑 甲基溴消费在菲律宾相对较少（9 ODP 吨），主要用于商品和结构熏蒸；菲律宾已经可用 和已执行的替代技术（如磷化氢）； 及国家管制农业和商品次级行业的机构与技术基础设 施。 multilateralfund.org | In this regard, the Secretariat discussed with the World Bank the possibility of reducing the implementation time, taking into consideration the relatively small level of MB consumption in the Philippines (9 ODP tonnes) mainly used for fumigation of commodities and structures; the alternative technologies that are already available and [...] implemented in the [...] Philippines (e.g., phosphine); and the institutional and technical infrastructure in the country that controls chemicals in the agricultural [...]and commodities sub-sectors. multilateralfund.org |
在某些情况下，比如在喀麦隆，发现对装船前消毒和收获后储存都 用 磷化 氢熏蒸。 multilateralfund.org | In some instances, for example in Cameroon, it was found that fumigation is carried out for both pre-shipment and [...] postharvest storage with phosphine. multilateralfund.org |
对商品和结构熏蒸而言，将对熏蒸提供其他设备（例 如 磷化氢 产 生器、探测器、水 泵和管道、热处理设备和配件），包括为一些甲基溴的使用者举办技术和提高认识讲习班 和持续对最终使用者提供技术援助。 multilateralfund.org | For commodities and structural fumigation, additional equipment will [...] be provided for [...] fumigation (i.e., phosphine generator, detectors, pumps and pipes, equipment for heat treatment and [...]accessories), including [...]technical and awareness-raising workshops for selected users of MB and technical assistance on a continuous basis to end-users. multilateralfund.org |
不过，进口国要求用磷化氢进行 装船前消毒处理的例子，即使储存 21 天以上 的商品先前已经做出磷化氢处理。 multilateralfund.org | However there are also instances where importing countries [...] require [...] pre-shipment treatment with MB, even if commodities that have been stored for longer than 21 days have been previously treated with phosphine. multilateralfund.org |
秘书处指出，使用磷化氢进行 熏蒸处理是全球谷物储存设施的首选方法， 并要求工发组织明确解释在有其他更具有技术和经济可行性的技术（即仅使 用 磷化氢 和结 合二氧化碳使用磷化氢）的 情况下选择一种造价更高昂的替代技术的理由。 multilateralfund.org | The Secretariat pointed out that it [...] is recognized that [...] fumigation with phosphine is the method of choice for stored grain facilities around the world and requested clarification UNIDO regarding the selection of a very expensive alternative when other technically and economically viable technologies were available (i.e., phosphine alone or [...]phosphine in combination with CO multilateralfund.org |
也可吸附典型的化合物，包括：气态氢化物（如： 砷 化氢 和 磷化氢 ） 以及金属有机蒸汽。 aixtron.com | Typical compounds that can be adsorbed include gaseous hydrides such as Arsine and Phosphine, [...] and in addition, metal-organic vapors. aixtron.com |
这种 熏蒸剂与甲基溴相比，也构成了一些相对的不利：有效处理用时更久，并且这可能影响 市场物流，不过可以通过适当的规划予以克服；如果不在气密条件下适用，并且使用剂 [...] 量不够致命（常常导致一再熏蒸），某些害虫就会产生抗力，但这可以而且应当予以防 止和监测，因为抗力真的可以令 磷化氢 失 去 作用。 multilateralfund.org | This fumigant poses some relative disadvantages when compared to MB: effective treatment takes longer and this can impact market logistics, but this can be overcome with appropriate planning; and resistance can develop in some pests if application is not done under gas-tight conditions and sub-lethal doses are used (which often leads to repeated [...] fumigations), but this can and should be prevented and monitored, since resistance [...] can really render phosphine useless. multilateralfund.org |
磷化氢比较 容易处理和适用，但像对待任何有毒化学品一样，安全处理措施很重 要。 multilateralfund.org | Phosphine is relatively easy [...] to handle and apply, but as with any toxic chemical, safe handling measures are important. multilateralfund.org |
对储存谷物和其他商品（咖啡、可可）来说，普遍认为 ， 磷化氢 是 一 种有效的、 经受住了检验的替代品。 multilateralfund.org | For stored cereals and other commodities [...] (coffee, cocoa), phosphine is generally [...]considered an efficient and well-proven alternative. multilateralfund.org |
一般说来，已经发现磷化氢对储 存谷物来说是一种有效的替代品，事实证明不错， [...] 也在世界各地使用多年了。 multilateralfund.org | In general, phosphine has been found [...] to be an efficient alternative for stored grain, which is well proven and in has been [...]used for many years throughout the world. multilateralfund.org |
例如，磷化铝 (AlP) 是一种广泛运输的 熏蒸剂，与水反应会生成磷化氢 ( P H 3 )，这是 一种有毒气体（图 5 ）。 itopf.org | As an example, aluminium phosphide (AlP), a widely carried fumigant, reacts with water to produce phosphine (PH 3 ), a toxic gas (Figure 5). itopf.org |
对防止抗力形成特别重要的是管理惯 例，它们有助于减少虫口和磷化氢处 理次数（虫害综合防治，卫生处理，轮换使用其他 化学品，冷却，二氧化碳）。 multilateralfund.org | Of particular importance to prevent resistance are management practices that help reduce both insect populations and the number of phosphine treatments (IPM, hygiene treatments, rotating with other chemicals, cooling, CO multilateralfund.org |
具有 103°C 的锥角且增强了抗氧化， RhodaPhos® PTA 为短链三烃基磷化氢提供 了潜在的高质量替代物； Rhodaphos® PTA 易于使用和运输，不存在与相似性质的产品发生自燃的问题。 rhodia.com.cn | With a Cone angle of 103°C and [...] enhanced resistance to [...] oxidation, RhodaPhos® PTA offers a potential high-quality alternative to short chain tri-alkyl phosphines; Rhodaphos® PTA [...]is easily handled and [...]transported, with none of the pyrophoric issues associated with products with similar properties. rhodia.com |
应该使用化学纯的氢氧化钠以及蒸馏水或去离子水。 cn.lubrizol.com | Chemically pure sodium hydroxide and distilled [...] or deionized water should be used. lubrizol.com |
三菱化学生产的发光二极管用外延片是一种化合物半导体，在砷化镓 或 磷化 镓 基板上外延生长 （ 氢化 物 气 相生长或者液相生长）发光二极管（LED）的基础发光层，从而制造出的高品质、高附加值基板。 m-kagaku.co.jp | The LED layered structures are epitaxially grown on a Gallium Arsenide or Gallium Phosphide substrate by HVPE( Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy) or LPE( Liquid Phase Epitaxy). m-kagaku.co.jp |
以气态烃转化催化剂与工艺、低压合成甲醇工艺与催化剂、甲醇羰基合成醋酸、甲醇脱水制二甲醚工艺与催化剂、甲醇裂解制氢工艺与催化剂、变压吸附气体分离技术、焦炉气甲烷化制天然气、煤矿瓦斯综合利用、黄磷尾气/电石炉尾气深度净化与利用、醋酸加氢制乙醇、 焦 化 苯 加 氢 精 制、 硫 磷 专 用 分析仪、N-甲酰吗啉等为代表的成果达到国内领先水平，这些技术与产品应用于全国近2000家化工、石化、冶金、机械、食品、军工企业并出口，创造了显著的经济效益，并为节能环保战略性新兴产业发展和传统产业升级发挥着重要的示范与带动作用。 swrchem.com | A number of its research findings have been industrialized -- for example low-pressure synthesis of methanol and catalyst, hydrocarbon conversion process and catalyst, PSA gas separation, carbonyl synthesis of acetic acid [...] from methanol, [...] methanol-to-dimethyl ether, methanol-to-hydrogen, refining of crude benzene, [...]and the synthesis of NFM by [...]methyl formate process -- all of which are at the international level, and play an important role in technologically supporting the sector and generate a large amount of economic and social benefits. swrchem.com |
在与伊拉克各利益攸关方进一步协商后，工发组织代表说，原则上，伊拉克不反对 使用碳氢化合物 为替代制冷剂，但条件是应确保：该技术在技术上是可行的，即可以得到 这些产品所需要的构件和原材料；最后产品价格与使用 HFC-134a 的产品价格相当；该项 目制造和维修方面的安全因素得到解决；使用 碳 氢化 合 物 的产品性能与使用 HFC-134a 的 产品性能相似，必须铭记，巴格达夏季气温可轻易达到摄氏 50 度；提 供关于多边基金资助 的商用制冷转换碳氢化合物技术项目类似经验的信息。 multilateralfund.org | Following further consultations with stakeholders in Iraq, the representative of UNIDO said that in [...] principle, Iraq did not [...] object to using hydrocarbon as the replacing refrigerant, subject to ensuring that: the technology was technically feasible in terms of the availability of components and raw materials for such products; the final product price was comparable to HFC-134a products; safety considerations were fulfilled within the project, covering both manufacturing and servicing aspects; the performance of hydrocarbon-based products was similar to that of HFC-134a products, keeping in mind that the temperature in Baghdad could easily reach 50 degrees Celsius in the summertime; and information was provided on similar experience with projects funded by the Multilateral Fund for shifting commercial refrigeration to hydrocarbon technology. multilateralfund.org |
预期成果 12：利用知识库、网络和机构能力，促进生物和矿物资源的综合管理——人与生 [...] 物圈计划和国际地球科学计划成立了一个关于生物圈保护区中矿物和 碳 氢化 合 物 资源开采问 题的专家组，以便对科学政策问题以及生物圈保护区的可持续发展状况进行审查。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Expected result 12: Integrated management of biological and mineral resources promoted, drawing on the knowledge base, networks and institutional capacity – The MAB and IGCP [...] Programmes have set up an expert group on [...] mineral and hydrocarbon resources extraction [...]in biosphere reserves to review science-policy [...]issues and sustainable development in biosphere reserves. unesdoc.unesco.org |
3.15 水体富营养化：指 在人类活动的影响下，生物所需的氮 、 磷 等 营 养物质大量进入湖泊、 河口、海湾等缓流水体，引起藻类及其他浮游生物迅速繁殖，水体溶解氧量下降，水质恶化。 greencouncil.org | 3.15 Eutrophication of water body: the phenomenon that under mankind’s influence, nitrogen and phosphor needed [...] by living organisms [...]entering in a large amount into slow-flow water bodies like lakes, river estuary and sea gulf, causing algae and other plankton to reproduce rapidly, the level of dissolved oxygen in the water to decrease and water quality to deteriorate. greencouncil.org |
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