| 单词 | 监管者 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 监管者 —regulatorsSee also:监管—supervisory • supervise • oversee • administer • take charge of 监—prison • supervise • jail • firm
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这需要监管者具备 充分的专门知识和资源，对银行的风险管理 模式进行监测，并开发自己的评估工具。 daccess-ods.un.org | This will require [...] that supervisors have adequate expertise and resources to monitor banks’ risk management models and develop [...]their own assessment tools. daccess-ods.un.org |
监管者可扩大其分析，以此判断关于受监管机场的决策对下游市场和相 [...] 互竞争的无管制机场的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The regulator may broaden its analysis [...] to factor in the impact of decisions concerning regulated airports on downstream [...]markets and competing, unregulated airports. daccess-ods.un.org |
这次危机还突出表明了金融监管者、 决策者和机构没有充分认识到金融体系 的风险程度，也没有控制日见严重的的经济脆弱性及其跨国界联系。 daccess-ods.un.org | The crisis also highlighted the fact [...] that financial regulators, policymakers and institutions [...]failed to appreciate the full [...]measure of risks in the financial system or address the extent of the growing economic vulnerabilities and their cross-border linkages. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，企业资源规划系统的实施计划(近东救济工程处企业资源 规划司担任监管者)以整 个工程处的需求为重点，也顾及规划预算、赠款/捐助者 [...] 管理、项目会计等领域的需要。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, the planned implementation of the enterprise resource [...] planning (UNRWA enterprise resource planning [...] division as the custodians) was focused at [...]the needs of the Agency as a whole, with [...]requirements in areas like budgetary planning, grant/donor management, project accounting. daccess-ods.un.org |
垄断和价格委员会”与其他监管者之 间 的关系在竞争法和其他监管法 律中都没有予以界定。 daccess-ods.un.org | The relationship between the Monopolies and Prices Commission [...] and the other regulators is not defined [...]either in the competition law or the regulatory laws. daccess-ods.un.org |
在讨论如何利用这类专业知识的过程中，与会者提出了下述问题：在国家一级， 科学专家和监管者需要互动，这不仅有助于制定国家标准，也有助于参与食典工作； [...] 在获取数据上面临挑战，有些数据可能尚未发表；存在组织和经费问题；以及在有关 专业知识领域存在空白。 codexalimentarius.org | The following issues were put forward in the discussion on the use of such expertise: [...] the need for interaction between [...] scientific experts and regulators at the national [...]level, which was necessary both to develop [...]national standards or to participate in the Codex process; the challenges to access data, which may be unpublished; organisational and funding issues; and gaps in the areas of expertise covered. codexalimentarius.org |
针对自来水公司的水价改革与节水，提出了建议；同时，水务局作为自来水公司活动/绩效 的监管者，针 对水务局的职责也提出了建议。 wrdmap.org | Recommendations for tariff reform and water saving in the water supply company [...] and for the role of Water Affairs Bureau as [...] activity/performance regulators for the water supply [...]company have been made. wrdmap.org |
近期金融危机使制订政策者了解到，即使在某些部门显示市场中有竞 争压力的情况下，放松管理原则会使世界经济负出昂贵的代价。 10 监管者与竞争机构的并存提供了一些例证，表明不同国家就如何解决竞争政策和部分监管政 策的协调或不协调问题所采取的不同方针。 daccess-ods.un.org | As the recent financial crisis has taught policymakers, even in cases where certain sectors exhibit competitive pressure in [...] the market, the relaxation of [...] regulatory principles can be very costly to the world economy.10 The co-existence of regulators and competition [...]agencies provides some [...]examples of the different approaches adopted by different countries on how the coordination or noncoordination of competition and sectoral regulatory policies has been tackled. daccess-ods.un.org |
将服务纳入多边贸易制度和区域贸易安排的做法引起了对以下方面的关 切：服务自由化与监管之间的潜在冲突；以及贸易规则对国家监管自主性的影 响，即贸易协定是否会限制监管者的 监管 能 力，如果是，限制程度如何，以及这 种限制是否合理。 daccess-ods.un.org | The inclusion of services in the multilateral trading system and regional trade agreements (RTAs) has raised concerns over the potential conflict between the liberalization and regulation of services and the [...] impact of trade rules [...] on national regulatory autonomy, i.e. whether trade agreements limit regulators’ ability [...]to regulate, if so [...]to what extent and whether such interaction is justifiable. daccess-ods.un.org |
服务业的决策者、监管者、贸 易谈判者和民间社会之间的定期互动 和合作有助于改善监管的结果。 daccess-ods.un.org | Regular interaction and collaboration between [...] services policymakers, regulators, trade negotiators [...]and civil society could help to improve regulatory outcomes. daccess-ods.un.org |
综合上述，在竞争主管机构与部门 监管者 之 间确实存在发生冲 突和缺乏协调的可能性。 daccess-ods.un.org | With all the mix, the chance of conflict and lack of coordination exists between [...] competition authorities and sector regulators. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 对《公共部门会计准则》实施进程进行的审查表明，已经计划修订财务 管理系统(账户司担任监管者)，目 标是从《联合国系统会计准则》过渡到《公共 部门会计准则》。 daccess-ods.un.org | (a) Review of the IPSAS implementation process indicates that [...] the modification of [...] the financial management system (with the Accounts Division as the custodians) is planned, [...]and is targeted at the [...]conversion from the United Nations system accounting standards to IPSAS. daccess-ods.un.org |
能力建设项目（如对冲突有敏感认识的报告编制、培训资源的拟定、对广 播 监管 者的支 持）以及对联合国共同国家计划编制的显著贡献，已确保在协助冲突和冲 [...] 突后地区媒体的教科文组织战略的执行工作中使用前后一致的方法。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Capacity-building projects (e.g. conflict-sensitive reporting, [...] development of training resources, [...] support for broadcast regulators) as well as clear [...]contributions to United Nations common [...]country programming have ensured a coherent approach in the implementation of the UNESCO strategy for assistance to media in conflict and postconflict areas. unesdoc.unesco.org |
然而，规定应代表监管者使用的语言 和 监管者 思 考 的 方式，以免在监管界与贸易界之间造成差距。 daccess-ods.un.org | Provisions should, however, represent the [...] language that regulators use and the way that regulators think, in order to avoid creating a gap between regulatory and trade [...]communities. daccess-ods.un.org |
监管者的体 制设计必须足够灵活，以适应市场和其他现实，同时又 不损害自己的声誉。 daccess-ods.un.org | The institutional [...] design of the regulator needs to be flexible [...]enough to adapt to market and other realities while not compromising its credibility. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些例 [...] 子主要集中于为有效地实施竞争法建立必要的基础，包括向政府、部 门 监管者、 企业及法院开展的倡导工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | The main focus was on building the necessary foundations for [...] effective enforcement of their competition law, including advocacy with [...] government, sector regulators, business and the courts. daccess-ods.un.org |
有一种意见认为，将价格确定在公 平和有竞争力的水平上，这是监管者 的 核 心职能之一，既有助于投资者收回成 本，又能让包括穷人在内的所有消费者都获得关键服务。 daccess-ods.un.org | The view was expressed that setting prices at fair and [...] competitive levels was one of the core [...] functions of the regulators, to allow investors [...]to recover costs and to allow all consumers [...]– including the poor – to have access to essential services. daccess-ods.un.org |
竞争主管机构与具体部门监管者之间 的相互关 系属于这种类型。 daccess-ods.un.org | The interplay between competition authorities and [...] sector-specific regulators falls under this [...]category. daccess-ods.un.org |
监管合作 可包括由服务供应商提出监管内容，然后将其纳入政府监管或共同监管，例如电 信服务，在这一服务部门，一些新的技术发展，例如与信息技术和互联网等其他 部门合并等，使得传统监管措施变得不重要，要 求 监管者 就 制定和调整新的监管 措施开展合作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Regulatory cooperation can involve having regulatory elements developed by service providers and then incorporated into government regulation or of co-regulation, e.g., telecommunication services where new technological developments such as merging with other sectors such as IT and the Internet have rendered traditional regulations irrelevant and required regulators to collaborate on developing and adapting new regulations. daccess-ods.un.org |
透明也要求明确规定以下条件，如什么时 候 监管者 的作 用是向制订政策者提供咨询，什么时 候 监管者 是 作 决定者，规定某些条件， 如发放运营许可或作出处罚。 daccess-ods.un.org | Transparency also demands that the [...] conditions should be [...] clearly defined regarding when the regulator’s role is to advise policymakers and when it is acting as a decision-maker [...]in terms [...]of determining certain conditions, for example issuing operating licences or sanctions. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然决策者们要保持对某一行业的长期政策目标的控制，但这 被认为对基于经济考虑的监管和将 监管者 的 作用限制在执行决策者确定的原则是 必须的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although policymakers were to retain control over the long-term policy objectives in given [...] sectors, it was deemed [...] essential for regulation to be based on economic considerations and for the role of regulators to be limited [...]to implementing the [...]principles determined by the policymakers. daccess-ods.un.org |
货币基金组织目前正在开展几个项目，处理本 [...] 研究报告没有涵盖的问题，包括审查非银行金融机构破产情况下出现的法律和 条例问题、破产程序中复杂金融工具的处理、国内金融部 门 监管者 之 间共享信 息的法律框架以及跨国界背景下的监督和干预。 daccess-ods.un.org | Several projects are currently underway in the IMF that will address issues that are not covered by the present study, including an examination of the legal and regulatory questions that arise in the insolvency of non-bank financial institutions, the treatment of complex financial instruments in insolvency proceedings, and the legal framework for [...] information sharing among domestic [...] financial sector supervisors, and supervisory oversight and intervention [...]in a cross-border context. daccess-ods.un.org |
不结盟运动还强调，原子能机构和发达国家需要进一步促进发展 中国家的能力建设，包括对监管者和 运 营商进行教育和培训。 daccess-ods.un.org | NAM also underlines the need for IAEA and developed countries to further [...] promote capacity-building in developing countries, including through education and [...] training for both regulators and operators. daccess-ods.un.org |
9 各国需要确定改革的最佳顺序，分清轻重缓急。需要更 明确地界定基础设施服务监管者和竞 争机构之间的关系，并在二者之间开展更加 [...] 密切的合作，包括正式合作和非正式合作，因为基础设施服务监管与竞争问题之 间有着密切而复杂的关系。 daccess-ods.un.org | There is a need for a closer definition of the [...] relationship between ISS regulators and competition [...]authorities, and for closer cooperation [...]between the two, formally and informally, given the close and intricate relations between ISS regulations and competition issues. daccess-ods.un.org |
2008 年开始实施的一项同行审评举措汇集了加纳、肯尼亚、纳米比亚、乌 干达、坦桑尼亚联合共和国和赞比亚等国的电 力 监管者。 daccess-ods.un.org | A peer review initiative started in 2008 [...] brings together electricity regulators from Ghana, Kenya, [...]Namibia, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia. daccess-ods.un.org |
一种不同的意见是，某种监管制度的存在本身并不构成对债务人资产和事 务的控制或监督，特别是在监管者的 权 力局限于确保破产管理人正确履行职责 而不是监督特定破产程序的情况下。 daccess-ods.un.org | A different view is that the existence of some regulatory regime does not, of itself, constitute control or supervision of the assets and affairs of the debtor, particularly in cases where the regulator’s powers are restricted to ensuring that insolvency representatives perform their functions properly, as opposed to supervising particular insolvency proceedings. daccess-ods.un.org |
著名 的电力监管专家进行了陈述发言，并组织讨论了有关协调政府和投资者的期望、私营公司 和监 管者面临的监管问 题，还分享了转轨国家电力行业重组的教训。 carecinstitute.org | Prominent power regulation experts delivered presentations and led discussions on aligning government and investor expectations, regulatory issues faced by private companies and regulators, and shared the lessons learned from electricity restructuring in transition countries. carecinstitute.org |
这个由亚行和 “公－私基础设施援助基金”赞助发起的为期三天的会议共吸引了60位参会人员，包括：(i) 来自阿富汗、阿塞拜疆、中国、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯共和国、蒙古、塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克 斯坦的监管者；(ii)国家电力监管专家和(iii)各多边机构的代表。 carecinstitute.org | The three-day event sponsored by ADB and the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) brought together a total of 60 participants: (i) regulators from Afghanistan, [...] Azerbaijan, [...] People’s Republic of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; (ii) international power regulation experts, and [...](iii) representatives of multilateral institutions. carecinstitute.org |
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