| 单词 | 病毒感染 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 病毒感染—viral infectionSee also:病毒n—infectionn virusn virusen 毒感n—virusn 毒感adj—viraladj 感染—infection infect influence
|
完成後，扫描结果会 列出是否有病毒感染和建议的处理方法，依照指示将找到的病毒档案移除。 hkcert.org | After finished, the scanning result [...] lists out the virus infectionstatusand recommended [...]solution, follow the instruction to remove the virus files. hkcert.org |
政府保护艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者权利的战略 围 绕 下列方 案 展开： 尼日利 亚艾滋病毒/艾滋病国家战略框架(2005-2009 年)；设立国家防治艾滋病署以及州政 府和地方政府的对 口机构； 关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者权利的媒体宣传活动；成 立名 为 “艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者网络” 的国家艾滋病毒感染者协会；成立全国艾 滋病毒/艾滋病妇女联盟；增加艾滋病毒/艾滋病诊所的数量，并 在全国范围内提供 免费药品；在有关尼日利亚艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的治 疗 和 福利的所有事务上， 政府特别寻求宗教和传统领袖的帮助。 daccess-ods.un.org | Government’s strategy for protecting the rights of persons living with HIV/AIDS revolves around the following programmes: National Strategic Framework on HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (2005-2009); Setting up of the National Agency for the [...] Control of Aids (NACA) and its [...] equivalent in the States and Local Government Areas; Public awareness campaign in the media on the rights of people living with HIV/AIDS;Creation of state associations of HIV-positive persons known as Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (NEPWHA); Establishment of National Women Coalition on HIV/AIDS, NAWOCA; Expansion of HIV/AIDS clinics and provision of free drugs throughout the country; and the special effort by government to enlist the assistance of religious and traditional leaders in all matters relating tothe treatment and welfare of persons living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. daccess-ods.un.org |
在讨论中，与会者就缺少性保健和生殖保健服务(包括艾滋病毒抗体阳性妇 女的计划生育)提出了问题；艾滋病毒与妇女的财产权之间的关系(即艾滋病寡妇 在其丈夫去世后财产被抢夺，而另一方面，妇女没有财产权使她们更易感染艾滋病毒)，以及需要确保男女之间法律上的平等和不歧视；有必要解决与艾滋病毒 有关的羞辱和歧视，由于两性不平等(即许多妇女一旦透露其艾滋病毒感染情况， 就会面对家庭暴力)，这对妇女的影响更大，并且有碍获得拯救生命的预防母婴 传播等艾滋病毒服务；必须在大多数非洲国家改变由于金融和经济危机所导致的 抗逆转录病毒药物库存耗竭的情况，从而确保获得可持续治疗。 daccess-ods.un.org | During the discussion, participants raised questions about the lack of sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning for HIV-positive women; the relationship between HIV and property rights of women (i.e., AIDS widows who suffered from property grabbing after their husbands had passed away, while on the other hand, lack of property rights of women [...] increases their [...] vulnerability toHIV infection) andthe need to ensure legal equality and non-discrimination between men and women; the need to address HIV-related stigma and discrimination, which has a far greater impact on women owing to gender inequality (i.e., many women face domestic violence once they disclose their [...]status) and impedes [...]access to lifesaving HIV services, such as prevention of motherto-child transmission; and the need to ensure access to sustainable treatment against the stock out of antiretrovirals in most of the African countries as a result of the financial and economic crisis. daccess-ods.un.org |
同时制定并实施了一系列行业标准：《对受艾滋病毒感染人群保守治疗标 准》(2001 年)、《针对受艾滋病毒感染人群的抗转录酶病毒药物治疗和防止艾滋 病毒的母婴传播和职业感染的标准》(2001 年和 2003 年)、《艾滋病毒感染的流行病学监测标准》(2002 年)、《艾滋病、肝炎和其他病毒感染实验室与诊断机构 组织实施抗击流行病计划操作指南》(2004 年)、《艾滋病毒母婴传播》单元 (2004 年)、《艾滋病毒检测咨询前后的方法指导》(2005 年)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Sector standards have been developed and implemented: [...] “Palliative treatment [...] of the persons infected with HIV and AIDS” (2001), “Treatment with antiretroviral medicine specific for persons infected withHIV and AIDS and the prophylaxis of transmission of the mother-child HIV infection, professional exposure” (2001 and 2003), “Epidemiologic supervision of the HIV/AIDS infection” (2002); Instructions on the organisation of the antiepidemiologic programme in the AIDS, hepatitis and otherviral infections laboratories and [...]diagnosis sections” [...](2004), The module “HIV and AIDS infections with mother-child transmission” (2004), Methodological Guide “Before and after HIV test counselling” (2005). daccess-ods.un.org |
毒品和犯罪问题办公室实 [...] 施的活动包括为进行法律和政策审查提供技术支持；调整立法；制定和实施政 [...] 策和战略，确保公平获得艾滋病毒预防、治疗和护理服务的渠道；以及支持减 少对毒品成瘾者，特别是对艾滋病毒感染者的羞辱和歧视，以及改善获取艾滋 病毒预防、治疗和护理服务的渠道，办法是实施以人权为基础、男女有别和公 [...]正的艾滋病政策和服务，注射吸毒者，包括监狱环境内的吸毒者在内，以及人 [...]口贩运活动的易受害者，都可获得这些服务。 daccess-ods.un.org | The activities implemented by UNODC included technical support to conduct legal and policy reviews; the adaptation of legislation; the development and implementation of policies and strategies to ensure equitable access to HIV prevention, treatment and care services; and support to reduce stigma and [...] discrimination with respect to drug addicts, [...] particularlythose infected with HIV, and to [...]improve access to HIV prevention, treatment [...]and care services by implementing human-rights-based, gender-responsive and equitable AIDS policies and services that are accessible to persons who abuse drugs by injection, including in prison settings, and to people who are vulnerable to trafficking in humans. daccess-ods.un.org |
会议还回顾亚太经社会第 67/9 [...] 号决议的规定，其中经社会呼吁 成员和准成员，除其他外，“…… 酌情根据各国的优先重点安排着 手对那些有助于全面实现全民享有服务的具体目标的国家法律、政策 [...] 和做法进行审查，以便消除对有被感染风险者和艾滋病毒感染者、尤 其是主要受影响人口的一切形式的歧视”。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Meeting also recalled the provisions of ESCAP resolution 67/9, whereby the Commission had called upon members and associate members, inter alia, to “…initiate, as appropriate, in line with national priorities, a review of national laws, policies and practices to enable the full achievement of universal access targets with a view to eliminating all [...] forms of discrimination against people [...] at riskof infection or living with HIV, in particular [...]key affected populations”. daccess-ods.un.org |
作为世界 领先的非专利药生产国，印度已率先提供支付得起的、第一线抗逆转录病毒药物， 用于治疗艾滋病毒感染者。 daccess-ods.un.org | As the world’s leader in the production of generic drugs, India has taken the lead in providing affordable, first-line antiretroviraldrugs used to treat people living with HIV. daccess-ods.un.org |
据媒体报道，在 2008/2009 财政年度，美属维尔京群岛依照该法 B 部 分，收到了 114 万美元的资金，其中包括支助艾滋病药物援助方案的资金，以及 一笔也可被用来资助向艾滋病毒感染者提供直接服务的赠款。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to media reports, in fiscal year 2008/2009, the United States Virgin Islands received $1.14 million under the Act’s Part B funds, [...] which included funding [...] to support the AIDS drug assistance programme, as well as a grant that can also be used to fund direct services to patients with HIV. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于委员会掌握的证据，所有情 况都完全表明由于艾滋病毒感染没有影响她的免疫系统，她仍然不需要药物，因 [...] 此她的健康状况是好的。 daccess-ods.un.org | In view of the available evidence before the Committee, there is nothing to suggest [...] otherwise than that her health condition is [...] good since theHIV infectionhas not yet affected [...]her immune system and that she is [...]still in no need of medication. daccess-ods.un.org |
伊朗伊斯兰共和国代表团认为，应该向所有艾滋病毒感染者提供 支付得起的抗逆转录病毒治疗(非专利药品)，其方法包括由发达国家提供援 [...] 助，以及知识产权不应该阻止获取此种治疗。 daccess-ods.un.org | The delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran was of [...] the view that affordable antiretroviral [...] treatment (generic drugs) should be provided [...]to all people living with HIV, including [...]through assistance by developed countries, and that intellectual property rights should not hinder access to such treatment. daccess-ods.un.org |
重申家庭在降低易受艾滋病毒感染风险方面发挥核心作用，除其他外，包括 教育和引导儿童方面的核心作用，同时铭记不同文化、社会和政治制度中存在各 种家庭形式；考虑到文化、宗教和道德因素，通过以下方面来降低儿童和青年易 受艾滋病毒感染风险：确保女孩和男孩获得初等和中等教育，将艾滋病毒和艾滋 病教育纳入青少年课程；确保享有安全和有保障的环境，尤其是确保少女享有这 种环境；增加青年容易掌握的优质信息及性健康教育和咨询服务；加强生殖健康 和性健康方案；尽可能让家庭和青年参与规划、实施和评价艾滋病毒和艾滋病预 防和护理方案 daccess-ods.un.org | Reaffirm the central role of the family, [...] bearing in mind that [...] in different cultural, social and political systems various forms of the family exist, in reducing vulnerability to HIV, inter alia in educating and guiding children, and take account of cultural, religious and ethical factors to reduce the vulnerability of childrenandyoung peopleby ensuring access of both girls and boys to primary [...]and secondary [...]education, including HIV and AIDS in curricula for adolescents, ensuring safe and secure environments, especially for young girls, expanding good quality youthfriendly information and sexual health education and counselling services, strengthening reproductive and sexual health programmes, and involving families and young people in planning, implementing and evaluating HIV and AIDS prevention and care programmes, to the extent possible daccess-ods.un.org |
全部工作都是为了 使各方做出政治承诺，解决大部分人口，特别是吸毒者和艾滋病毒感染者的需要。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The entire process seeks to engender political commitment towards addressing the needs of key populations, especiallydrug users and people living with HIV. unesdoc.unesco.org |
承诺：消除性别不平等和基于性别的虐待和暴力；主要通过提供保健和服务， 包括性保健和生殖保健等服务，使妇女和少女能够全面获得各种信息和教育，增 强她们保护自己不受艾滋病毒感染的能力；确保妇女能行使其权利，以便能够在 不受胁迫和歧视以及没有暴力的情况下，控制并负责任和自主地决定与其性生 活，包括其性健康和生殖健康有关的事项，从而增强其保护自己免受艾滋病毒感 染的能力；采取一切必要措施，创造赋予妇女权能的有利环境，加强她们的经济 独立；在这方面，重申男子和男孩在实现性别平等方面所能发挥的重要作用 daccess-ods.un.org | Pledge to eliminate gender inequalities and gender-based abuse and violence, increase the capacity of women and adolescent girls to protect themselves from the risk of HIV infection, principally through the provision of health care and [...] services, including, [...] inter alia, sexual and reproductive health, as well as fullaccess to comprehensive information and education, ensure that women can exercise their right to have control over, and decide freely and responsibly on, matters related to their sexuality, including their sexual and reproductive health, free of coercion, discrimination and violence, in order to increase their ability to protect themselves from HIV infection, andtake all [...]necessary measures to [...]create an enabling environment for the empowerment of women and to strengthen their economic independence, and, in this context, reiterate the importance of the role of men and boys in achieving gender equality daccess-ods.un.org |
这项计划的实施有助于动员国内各方面的力量共同实施一系列旨在预防、 监测和控制艾滋病毒/艾滋病和性传播疾病的战略和重点项目、开展相关的宣传 [...] 教育活动、帮助弱势群体病患开展艾滋病和性传播疾病的治疗、向那些艾滋病毒 检测呈阳性和受艾滋病毒感染的群体提供医疗救助和相关资助。 daccess-ods.un.org | The implementation of the programme has contributed to the mobilisation of internal forces in the performance of strategies and priority actions of prevention, monitoring, control of the HIV/AIDS disease and STD, implementation of informational and educational activities, work with vulnerable groups, [...] initiation of treatment, delivery of healthcare assistance, support to positive [...] HIV detected and thoseinfected with AIDS. daccess-ods.un.org |
艾滋病毒/艾滋病感 染者人口因助长艾滋病毒感染的社会、经济和文化因素而不断增加，这些因素 包括：污名化、两性不平等、贫穷、多配偶制、过继婚、“干性行为”、药物和 [...] 酒精滥用、人口流动、性病、战争和暴力侵害妇女行为(Inungu 和 Karl，2006 年)。 daccess-ods.un.org | The population of people living with HIV and AIDS has been increasing [...] owing to social, economic [...] and cultural factors thatfuelHIV infection such as stigma, gender inequality, [...]poverty, polygamy, [...]wife inheritance, “dry sex”, drug and alcohol abuse, mobility, sexually transmitted diseases, war and violence against women (Inungu and Karl, 2006). daccess-ods.un.org |
为实现千年发展目标 6 项下的各项具体目标，各国一直都在以下 [...] 诸领域做出努力：(a) 提供与艾滋病有关的医疗咨询和测试服务；(b) [...] 获得抗逆转录病毒治疗；(c) 在儿童中消除新的艾滋病毒感染，包括 通过其父母传给儿童的艾滋病毒；(d) [...]通过促进使用安全套并改变行 为方式来减少性渠道传播艾滋病的机会；(e) [...]设法在那些以注射方式 使用毒品的人群之中实行减少危害的方案。 daccess-ods.un.org | To achieve the Millennium Development Goal targets under Goal 6, member States had been increasing efforts to improve the following: (a) access to HIV counselling and testing services; (b) access to [...] anti-retroviral treatment; (c) [...] elimination of newHIV infections among children, [...]including through parent-to-child transmission; [...](d) condom promotion and behaviour change programmes to reduce sexual transmission; and (e) harm reduction programmes among people who inject drugs. daccess-ods.un.org |
毒品和犯罪问题办公室提供支持的例子包括对越南监狱中 艾滋病毒和结核病感染情况的评估，关于印度尼西亚惩戒环境中艾滋病毒和梅毒感染情况的全国性研究，对肯尼亚注射吸毒者的规模估计研究，对孟加拉国 女性吸毒者和男性吸毒者的女性伴侣的快速情况评估，对东部和南部非洲艾滋病毒感染情况的评估和监狱环境中的需求评估，关于波罗的海地区女性注射吸 毒者预防艾滋病毒服务提供模式的研究以及对贩卖人口的实际受害者提供艾滋 病毒检测和咨询服务的审查。 daccess-ods.un.org | Examples of support provided by UNODC include an assessment of the situation [...] with regard to HIV and [...] tuberculosis infection inprisons in Viet Nam, a national study on HIV and syphilis infection in correctional settings in Indonesia, a size estimation study of injecting drug users in Kenya, a rapid situation assessment among female drug users and female partners of male drug users in Bangladesh, assessments of the situation with regardto HIVinfection and needs assessments [...]in prison settings [...]in East and Southern Africa, studies on HIV service delivery models for women who inject drugs and a review of the availability of HIV testing and counselling services for actual victims of trafficking in persons in the Baltic Sea area. daccess-ods.un.org |
为此，2006 年 12 月的法律通过制定打击歧视和谴责的措施，努力增强对 艾滋病毒感染者及其家庭的保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is in this regard that the act of December 2006 aims to improve protection for persons living withAIDS and their families through measures to combat discrimination and stigmatization. daccess-ods.un.org |
但委员会关注的是，据报的包括通过母婴传播的艾滋病毒感染病例日渐增 加；受感染的儿童可能遭到耻辱。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, the Committee is concerned that the reported cases of HIV are increasing; including through mother-to-child transmission and that infected children may face stigmatization. daccess-ods.un.org |
2006 年开展的社会经济影响研究说明，艾滋病毒对受影响家 庭的就业、收入、储蓄和入学情况造成了极大的不利影响。根据这项研究结果， 开发署启动了一项多管齐下的宣传和技术支助战略，参与该战略的有国家艾滋 病控制组织、各邦办事处和民间社会组织，包括艾滋病毒感染者网络。 daccess-ods.un.org | Based on a socio-economic impact study done in 2006 that showed considerable negative impacts of HIV on employment, income, savings and school attendance in affected households, UNDP launched a multi-pronged strategy of advocacy and [...] technical support [...] involving theNational AIDS Control Organization, state offices and civil society organizations, including networks of people living withHIV. daccess-ods.un.org |
艾滋病毒感染者按照标准 程序在医院接受治疗，并转院进行治疗，谨防伤害自身或通过感染的血液传染他 人。 daccess-ods.un.org | People infectedwith HIV are cared [...] for in a hospital, in accordance with standard procedures, and are transferred and treated, [...]with precautions being taken against the risk of injury to themselves or infection of other people through infected blood. daccess-ods.un.org |
在全球范围，被证明对预防注射吸毒者中新的艾滋病毒感染最有效的服务的 覆盖率仍然很低：仅少数人参与或有机会获得全方位药物依赖治疗服务，每月向 [...] 注射毒品者分发少量无菌器械，8%的人参加类阿片激动剂治疗方案，和 4%的艾 滋病毒呈阳性的注射吸毒者接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。 daccess-ods.un.org | Globally, the coverage of services that have been shown to [...] be most effective in [...] preventing newHIV infectionsamong people who inject drugs remains low: a [...]limited number of people [...]participate in or have access to the full spectrum of drug dependence treatment services, a limited number of sterile devices are distributed per month per person who injects drugs, 8 per cent participate in a programme involving opioid-agonist treatment therapy and 4 per cent of HIV-positive people who inject drugs are receiving antiretroviral therapy. daccess-ods.un.org |
结果造成受体蛋白质被截短了许多，再也无法到达细胞表面，从而可阻止HIV病毒感染细胞或减缓细胞感染的速率。 iprcommission.org | This results in the receptor protein being severely truncated and [...] unable to reach the cell surface, thus [...] preventing the HIV virus from infecting the cells or slowing the rateof infection. iprcommission.org |
在该宣言中，会员国 承诺要实现明确目标，以确保到 2015 年不再有孩子 一出生就感染艾滋病毒，填补全球防治艾滋病的资源 缺口，努力实现到 2015 年将资金增加至 220 亿到 240 亿美元，加强普及抗逆转录病毒治疗的工作，以便到 2015 年能让 1 500 万人获得挽救其生命的治疗，将艾滋病毒感染者中死于结核病的人数减少 50%，并将注 射吸毒者中艾滋病毒的传播率降低 50%。 daccess-ods.un.org | In this declaration, Member States committed to clear targets to ensure that by 2015 no more children will be born with HIV, to close the global resource gap for AIDS and to work towards increasing funding to between $22 billion and $24 billion by 2015, to increase universal access to antiretroviral therapy to get 15 million people onto life-saving treatment by 2015, to reduce tuberculosis deaths among people living with HIV by 50 per cent, and to reduce the transmission of HIV among people who inject drugs by 50 per cent. daccess-ods.un.org |
美利坚合众国支持刚果作出努力，向艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病患者提供免 费医疗，以及刚果愿意允许对其监狱进行独立监督，并确保在拘留所将妇女、男 人和儿童分别关押。 daccess-ods.un.org | The United States of America welcomed the efforts made to provide free treatment for those living with HIV/AIDS and the Congo’s willingness to allow independent monitoring of its prisons, also to ensure separation of women, men and children in detention centres. daccess-ods.un.org |
香港大学民意研究计划现正接受香港大学公共卫生学院委托，通过随机抽样电话访问招募志愿家庭参加一项关於新型H1N1流感病毒感染率的研究，以估计香港社区的A型H1N1流感病毒的血清学感染率。 hkupop.hku.hk | The Public Opinion Programme (POP) at the University of Hong Kong is being commissioned by the School of Public Health of the same university to recruit voluntary families to participate in a study on the proportion of infections of the novel strain of H1N1 swineinfluenza,through random telephone interviews. hkupop.hku.hk |
根据联邦艾滋病 [...] 研究中心的数据，在俄罗斯联邦发现的所有艾滋病毒感染者中67%是 15-25 岁的青年人；有 [...]记录的艾滋病毒最高感染率发生在 20-29 岁年龄段。 unesdoc.unesco.org | According to the Federal AIDS Centre, [...] 67% of allHIV infections detected in the [...]Russian Federation are among young people [...]aged 15-25; the highest HIV detection incidence is registered in the 20-29 age-group. unesdoc.unesco.org |
加勒比区域的艾滋病毒感染率(9个国家高于 1%)在世界上排名第二，而太平洋小岛屿发展中国 家和大西洋、印度洋、地中海和南海区域的艾滋病毒感染率相对较低(艾滋病毒 感染率为2.5%的巴布亚新几内亚和感染率高于 1%的几内亚比绍和毛里求斯除 外)。 daccess-ods.un.org | While the Caribbean region has the [...] second-highest HIV prevalence rate in the world (with nine countries above 1 per cent), the Pacific small island developing States and those in the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean and South China Seas region have comparatively low HIV prevalence [...]rates (with the exception [...]of Papua New Guinea, where it is 2.5 per cent, as well as Guinea-Bissau and Mauritius, with rates over 1 per cent). daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。