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单词 生存农业
释义

See also:

生存 v

survive v
exist v

External sources (not reviewed)

( 生存农业和商品农业) 的生 产增长,以及近期私人部门投资流入采矿和 农业部门的状况,预计都会改善生计并增加粮食购置量。
daccess-ods.un.org
However, current and
[...] expected growth in agriculture (subsistence as well as [...]
commercial), and recent inflow of private sector
[...]
investments in the mining and agribusiness sectors are expected to improve livelihoods and boost food acquisition.
daccess-ods.un.org
但正是这些特性使这些品种更适合 贫困农生存的农业生态环境。
iprcommission.org
But these characteristics are those
[...]
that make them more adaptable and
[...] suited to the agro-ecological environments in which the majority of poor farmers live.
iprcommission.org
这种情况是由若干原因造成的,农业部门在生产、保存和分配方面的结构性缺陷、周期性自然灾害 农业生产 缺乏信贷和人口不断增长。
daccess-ods.un.org
This situation has several causes,
[...]
such as the structural
[...] weaknesses of the agricultural sector in terms of production, storage and distribution, recurring natural disasters, lack of credit for agricultural production and constant population growth.
daccess-ods.un.org
一些值得注意的主动行 动包括:向全国农民提供技术和培训支持;向农民提供提供种子、肥料和农具; 与公共工程部合作,确定人口和农业中心,以便修建支线公路, 农业生 产 集 中 的地区与利比里亚市场连接起来;提供独立的仓库和与技术中心相连接的仓库, 以便安全存农产 品;认识到农业部门所有领域都缺乏训练有素的人员,因此, 为农业部工作人员提供了有关规划、收获、食品储存和渔业现代技术方面的广泛 培训。
daccess-ods.un.org
Some noteworthy initiatives include: providing technical and training support to farmers around the country; providing seeds, fertilizers, and farming equipment to farmers; in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Works, identifying population and agricultural centers to build
[...]
feeder roads
[...] connecting areas with high agricultural production with Liberian markets; providing freestanding warehouses and warehouses connected to technology centers for the safe storage of agricultural [...]
products; and, appreciating
[...]
the lack of trained personnel in all areas of the agricultural sector, extensively training Ministry of Agriculture staff in modern techniques relating to planting, harvesting, food storage, and fisheries.
daccess-ods.un.org
用英文和法文编写的可持续的未来教育析叠式印刷品,内有关于以下 问题的十三种可持续的未来教育政策摘要:性别、贫困、水、能源、 生 、 农业 、 生 物 多样 性、艾滋病毒/艾滋病、环境存和保 护、农村变革、可持续生产与消费、人权,包括儿童 权利、国际了解、和平、文化多样性--包括当地知识和土著人知识、传媒、信息传播技术和 [...] [...]
小岛屿发展中国家,这一印刷品也正在为提高认识服务。
unesdoc.unesco.org
The ESD information folder prepared in English and
[...] French with 13 ESD policy briefs on gender, poverty, water, energy, health, agriculture, bio-diversity, HIV/AIDS, [...]
environmental
[...]
conservation and protection, rural transformation, sustainable production and consumption, human rights including children’s rights, intercultural understanding, peace, cultural diversity – including local and indigenous knowledge, media, ICTs and small island developing States is also contributing to awareness-raising.
unesdoc.unesco.org
从这些问题可以看出,自 从推行结构性调整方案以提生产能 力以来 农业 部 门长 期 存 在 弊 病,同时国家 撤销机构支持服务,通过大幅降低或取消关税和配额制,在条件尚未成熟的情况 [...]
下让小农面临大型跨国供应商的竞争,以及一些发达国家由于过分支持国内农 民,实施粮食“倾销”政策。
daccess-ods.un.org
These weaknesses reflected a persistent failure since the promotion of structural adjustment programmes to
[...]
support the building of
[...] productive capacities; along with a dismantling of institutional support services; [...]
the premature exposure
[...]
of small-scale farmers, through a rapid reduction or elimination of tariffs and quotas, to competition from large multinational suppliers; and food “dumping” by a number of developed countries because of excessive support to their farmers.
daccess-ods.un.org
确保对性别问题有敏感认识的援助分配和交付的重大因素包括:㈠ 确 保对援助分配和交付的各个阶段采取参与性方法;㈡ 支持机构建立地方能力和
[...] 地方体制;㈢ 买当地货及支持地方和地区经济发展;㈣ 强调地方性生产,特别农业的生存力;㈤ 与妇女协商及加强妇女的能力;㈥ 重建政府机构,加强公 共活动,而不是要求削减。
daccess-ods.un.org
Key elements in ensuring gender-sensitive aid allocation and delivery include: (i) ensuring participatory approaches to all phases of aid allocation and delivery; (ii) supporting agencies that build local capacities and institutions; (iii) buying locally and supporting local and regional economic
[...]
development; (iv) emphasizing the
[...] viability of local production, especially agriculture; (v) consulting with and building [...]
on the capacities of women; and (vi)
[...]
rebuilding Government institutions and strengthening public activity rather than requesting cuts
daccess-ods.un.org
总统阁下指出,各国在
[...] 与粮食不安全作斗争的过程中都面临着众多挑战,包括提 农业生 产 率 存 在 困难、 城市扩张和工业发展以及生物燃料作物生产对土地的争夺、气候变化及频繁的自然 [...]
灾害。
fao.org
His Excellency noted the many challenges that countries confront in their efforts to overcome
[...]
food insecurity, including
[...] difficulties in increasing agricultural productivity, competition [...]
for land for urban and industrial
[...]
expansion and biofuel crop production, climate change and frequent natural disasters.
fao.org
尼泊尔代表团要求秘书处帮助最不发达国家和内陆国家:开展关 于主要出口和进口产品的分析;采用单一窗口和开展无纸化贸易,并 推动关于执行贸易和过境便利化措施的公私营部门的对话;提供一个 讨论共同关切问题的平台,尤其将重点放在最不发达和内陆国家;促农业和林 业产品的价值链,包括诸如“一个村庄一个产品”方案那 样的举措,以及就有机食品认证和动植物 生 检 疫标准领域,传播相 关信息和提供能力建设援助;加入《亚太贸易协定》;以及在总体上 援助制订适当的贸易和投资政策的努力。
daccess-ods.un.org
The delegation of Nepal requested that the secretariat help least developed and landlocked countries to conduct analyses on key export and import products; introduce single windows and paperless trade and the promotion of public-private sector dialogue on the implementation of trade and transit facilitation measures; provide a platform to discuss issues of common concern, paying particular attention to least developed and
[...]
landlocked countries;
[...] promote value chains for agricultural and forestry products, including under initiatives such as “one village one product” programmes; and disseminate information and provide capacity-building assistance on the certification of organic foods and sanitary and phytosanitary standards, [...]
accession to APTA
[...]
and overall assistance in the formulation of appropriate trade and investment policies.
daccess-ods.un.org
为协助 各国对付针对粮食生产的恐怖主义而开展的活动包括:(a) 进行关于食品安全、 动植物健康问题的能力建设(培训班、各种项目),包括促进风险分析和加强基层 能力,以确保国家能够监测、诊断、报告和应对病虫害和疾病的爆发;(b) 食品
[...]
标准法典委员会和国际植物保护公约制定有关标准;(c) 设立一个食物链管理框 架以便对跨界动植物病虫害和疾病造成的食物链危机、粮食安全威胁和紧急情
[...] 况,以及对核放射性威胁级紧急情况,进行预防、预警、防备和应对工作;组织 国际论坛讨论与粮食农业相关的生 物 风 险管理问题。
daccess-ods.un.org
Specific activities that assisted countries in relation to terrorism targeted at food products included: (a) capacity-building (training courses, projects) concerning food safety, animal and plant health, including promotion of risk analyses and developing base-level capacity to ensure national ability to monitor, diagnose, report and respond to pest and disease outbreaks; (b) the standard setting work of the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the International Plant Protection Convention; (c) the establishment of a Food Chain Crisis Management Framework for prevention, early warning, preparedness and response to food chain crises caused by transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases, food safety threats and emergencies, as well as nuclear and radiological threats and emergencies;
[...]
and the organization of international forums to discuss biological risk
[...] management in relation to food and agriculture.
daccess-ods.un.org
上述数据库,包括非洲基础设施发展方案地球空间数据库、非 洲气候政策中心的气候变化活动数据库及其农业商品价值链数据库和界面,构
[...] 成了非洲区域空间数据基础设施的核心,其有一些专用在线应用程序,并以简 化的电子方式为目标部门提供产品和服务,其中包 农业 、 气 候变化、碳存、水 资源管理、自然灾害和其他区域挑战。
daccess-ods.un.org
These databases, including the Programme for Infrastructure Development in Africa geospatial database, the African Climate Policy Centre’s climate change activities database and its agricultural commodity value-chain database and interface, form the core of the African Regional Spatial Data Infrastructure, with dedicated online applications and streamlined electronic delivery of products and
[...]
services for targeted
[...] sectors including agriculture, climate change, carbon sequestration, water resources [...]
management and natural
[...]
disasters and other regional challenges.
daccess-ods.un.org
次级国家在校生不均等现象依存 在 , 农村 人口、穷人、土著人和残疾人的重大劣势与日俱增。
unesdoc.unesco.org
Sub-national disparities in school
[...] participation persist, with significant disadvantages accruing to rural populations, [...]
the poor, the indigenous and the disabled.
unesdoc.unesco.org
正如上述,未农业研究的关注重点是通过田地,国家和国际组织来保存基因资源,在保 证研究者使用的同时,认可发展中国家的农民在 存 , 改良和有效利用这些资源方面做出 的贡献。
iprcommission.org
As noted above, a major issue of importance to the future of agricultural research is the conservation of genetic resources held in fields and in national and international collections, along with [...]
guaranteed access for researchers on terms that recognise the contribution made by farmers in the developing world in conserving, improving and making available these resources.
iprcommission.org
会议审议了下列问题:(a) 世 界人口持续、快速城市化的影响,特别是对发展中国家的影响;(b) 下列事实对 政策产生的影响:在大多数发展中国家,城市人口增长的主要驱动因素是自然增 长,而不是通常认为的农村向城市的移徙;(c) 城市和农村地区之间的经济联系; (d) 农村地区普存在贫困的问题;(e) 城市穷人人数迅速增长的问题;(f) 城 市化对环境的影响;以及(g) 如何改善城市农村居民的生活条件。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Meeting considered the following issues: (a) the effects of the sustained and rapid urbanization of the world population, particularly for developing countries; (b) the policy implications of the fact that, in the majority of developing countries, urban population growth is driven mostly by natural increase
[...]
and not, as is
[...] usually thought, by rural-urban migration; (c) the economic linkages between urban and rural areas; (d) the high prevalence of poverty in rural areas; (e) the rapidly increasing numbers of urban poor; (f) the impact of urbanization on the environment; and (g) ways of improving the living conditions of both urban and rural dwellers.
daccess-ods.un.org
(f) 劳动、业和社 会保障部所属人权股在开展上述三个领域的工作时,与 各办公室和总办公室、省和地区总办公室以及劳工监察员就与土著人有关的共有 问题进行合作,其中特别重视最脆弱的玻利维亚查科地区,当地普 存 在 土 著人农民被强迫劳动的现象。
daccess-ods.un.org
(f) The three areas of the Human Rights Unit, which operates under the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security, works in a
[...] cross-cutting manner on issues related to indigenous peoples with the offices and head offices and with departmental and regional head offices and labour inspectors, giving priority to the Bolivian Chaco region as the most vulnerable area where many members of indigenous and farming communities are subjected to forced labour.
daccess-ods.un.org
公约》还规定,缔约国应采取适当措施,消 除对农村妇女的歧视,确保她们有权组织自助团体和合作社,以通过受雇和自营 职业的途径取得平等的经济机会;有机会取 农业 信 贷 和贷款,利用销售设施, 获得适当技术,并在土地农业改革 以及土地垦殖计划方面享有平等待遇;以及 享受适当生活条 件,特别是在住房、 生 、 水 电供应、交通和通讯等方面。
daccess-ods.un.org
It also stipulates that States parties should take appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in rural areas and ensure their rights to organize self-help groups and cooperatives in order to obtain equal access to economic opportunities through
[...]
employment or self-employment,
[...] to have access to agricultural credit and loans, marketing facilities, appropriate technology and equal treatment in land and agrarian reform, as well as in land resettlement schemes, and to enjoy adequate living conditions, particularly in relation to housing, sanitation, electricity and water supply, [...]
transport and communications.
daccess-ods.un.org
该回顾讨论了可以促进清洁和 可持续增长的清洁增长中三个充满希望的领域――能源效率,包括有机农业在内 的可持农业以及可再生能源技术。
daccess-ods.un.org
It discusses three promising areas of clean growth poles that can foster clean and
[...]
sustainable growth – energy efficiency,
[...] sustainable agriculture including organic agriculture, and renewable energy technologies.
daccess-ods.un.org
还有很多事情要做,因为还面临着各种问题,农业生产和 生产力下降,营养不良问题加剧,水 与卫生可持续发展目标的实现缺乏进展,收入不平 [...]
等问题加重,性别平等目标进展缓慢,在降低孕产 妇死亡率方面没有或几乎没有取得进展等。
daccess-ods.un.org
Much remained to be done in the
[...] face of declining agricultural production and productivity, [...]
increasing malnutrition, the
[...]
lack of progress in achieving sustainable development targets on water and sanitation, growing income inequality, slow progress in achieving gender equality, and little or no progress in reducing maternal mortality.
daccess-ods.un.org
c) 向有关农民发农业生产资 料,以供下一季节之用,确保这一新的没有甲基 [...]
溴的烟草和秧苗种植方法的可持续性。
multilateralfund.org
(c) Distribution of farm materials
[...] to interested farmers for application [...]
in the forthcoming seasons, to ensure the sustainability
[...]
of this new method of tobacco seedling production without MB.
multilateralfund.org
这折射出关于有效利用土地和粮食生产方面的政策不恰当的历史;几年来 农业 (尤其是小农生产和 加工系统)、农村发展和基础设施的投资不足;无法持续关注 [...]
粮食市场的有效运作;缺乏对安全网和社会保障系统的支持。
daccess-ods.un.org
This reflects a history of inappropriate policies on effective land use
[...]
and food production; decades of
[...] under-investment in agriculture (particularly smallholderbased [...]
production and processing
[...]
systems), rural development and infrastructure; inconsistent attention to the effective operation of markets for food; and lack of support for safety nets and social protection systems.
daccess-ods.un.org
为了能够面对当前和今后的挑战,有必要增加物质、人力和制度基础设施, 提农业生产力 并扩大商品和国家的出口能力,将气候变化和土地退化问题纳入 [...]
国家预算的主流,调动非传统捐助方特别是民间社会组织和私营部门参与减贫战 略,促进区域一体化、特别是牵涉到建立价格缓和机制时的区域一体化,以及加
[...]
强国家回应社会需求的能力。
daccess-ods.un.org
To be able to face current and future challenges, it is necessary to increase the
[...]
physical, human and institutional
[...] infrastructure; increase agricultural productivity and expand [...]
the export capacity of communities
[...]
and countries; mainstream climate change and land degradation issues into national budgets; involve non-traditional donors, in particular civil society organizations and the private sector, in poverty reduction strategies; promote regional integration, especially as far as the creation of the price mitigation mechanism is concerned; and strengthen the capacity of the State to respond to social demands.
daccess-ods.un.org
大会第 37/75 号决议规定信用社是粮农组织的一个组成部分,并规定:(a) 信 用社的资金和净资产存入一个与 农 组 织 管理的所有其他资金和资产分开管理 的特别帐户;(b) 信用社业中出现的所有费用和信用社活动中出现的任何财务负 债应从信用社的资金和资产中收取;(c) 信用社规章中含有保护本组织地位的条款。
fao.org
Conference Resolution 37/75 stipulated that the Credit Union is an integral part of FAO and provided that (a) the Credit Union funds and net assets be placed in a
[...]
special account
[...] administered separately from all other funds and assets administered by FAO; (b) all costs incurred in the operation of the Credit Union and any [...]
financial liabilities
[...]
arising out of the Credit Union activities are chargeable to the Credit Union funds and assets and (c) the statutes of the Credit Union contain provisions safeguarding the position of the Organization.
fao.org
许多人,包括妇女、土著人民和 农业生 产 者 ,对于控制 和获得这种资源缺乏法律上可执行的和可持续的手段。
daccess-ods.un.org
Many persons, including women, indigenous
[...] peoples and small agricultural producers, lack legally [...]
enforceable and sustainable control
[...]
over and access to such resources.
daccess-ods.un.org
外部化成本包括各种遗留问题,比如过 农 药 库 存 、 场 地被污染以及因产前和产后接触化学品 导致儿童发育受损;有人因接触化学品而受害;向无力支付医疗费的受害者提供保健服务;由 于被化学品污染,财产所有者或财产使用者的财产价值或功效下降;由于化学品污染,渔民、 猎人和农户的生计受 到破坏;由于传统食物被污染,土著人民的生活方式受到破坏;供水受 到污染等等。
daccess-ods.un.org
Externalized costs include legacy issues
[...] such as obsolete stockpiles and contaminated sites, as well as children whose development has been impaired as a result of prenatal and post-natal chemical exposure; persons whose health has been injured as a result of chemical exposure; persons providing health-care services to such people when the injured are not able to pay for the services; property owners or users whose property value or utility decreases as a result of chemical contamination; fishers, hunters, small farmers and others whose livelihoods are [...]
impaired by chemical
[...]
contamination; indigenous peoples whose way of life has been undermined through contamination of their traditional foods; people whose water supply is contaminated; and others.
daccess-ods.un.org
会议 建议
[...] 粮农 组 织与 其他 相关 组织 合 作, 指导 成员 国制 定 和实 施技 术上 可 行、有效和可靠的方法,对温室气体排放、 存 和 其他 与 农业 领 域气候变化相关参 数进行监测、报告和核实。
fao.org
The Conference recommended that FAO, in conjunction with other relevant organizations, provide guidance to member countries for establishing and implementing technologically sound, robust and consistent methodologies for monitoring, reporting and
[...]
verification of greenhouse gas
[...] emissions, carbon stocks and other parameters related to climate change in the agriculture sector.
fao.org
与会者强调了国际旅游业对最不发达国家的社会经济进步和减少贫穷作出 的贡献并提出了以下建议: (a) 在国家一级,㈠ 建立安全稳定的有利环境,鼓励旅游业的可持续发展 并鼓励投资;㈡ 把旅游业可持续发展纳入各项国家发展战略文件的主流;㈢ 利 用产品专业化和品牌化,加强最不发达国家旅游目的地的市场地位;㈣ 更加注 重保护环境资产和自然和文化遗产;㈤
[...]
在更广泛的旅游部门促进体面工作和对 个人权利的尊重;㈥ 制定和实施支持国家旅游业可持续发展战略的投资、旅游 和贸易政策;㈦
[...] 为减少贫穷加强旅游部门和其他经济、环境和文化部门的联系 并发挥它们间的增效作用;㈧ 发展支持旅游业生存和竞 争的国家机制。
daccess-ods.un.org
(a) At the national level, to (i) create a safe and stable enabling environment to encourage sustainable tourism development and encourage investments; (ii) mainstream sustainable tourism development in all national development strategy documents; (iii) harness product specialization and branding to strengthen market position of least developed country tourism destinations; (iv) pay more attention to the preservation of environmental assets and of natural and cultural heritages; (v) promote decent work and respect the rights of the individual in the wider tourism sector; (vi) adopt and implement investment, tourism and trade policies that support national strategies for sustainable tourism development; (vii) strengthen linkages and create synergies between tourism and other economic, environmental and cultural sectors
[...]
for poverty reduction; and (viii) develop national mechanisms to support
[...] tourism enterprise viability and competitiveness.
daccess-ods.un.org
生导师所起的作用也很有限;比如,因 为他们基本上都是通过博士教育培养出来的,所以他们可能对硕 士层面的业存在哪 些机会,有什么具体要求或者存在什么样的 非学术性的职业机会知之甚少。
fgereport.org
Faculty advisors play a limited role; for example, because they are typically the product of a doctoral-level education, they may know little about the opportunities available in master’s-level programs, the demands of such programs, or opportunities for nonacademic career paths.
fgereport.org
会议强调了提农业生产和生 产率的必要性,需要为农产品开发出口市场,以及合作社在可持续 农业生 产中的作用。
daccess-ods.un.org
The need to increase agricultural production and productivity and develop export markets for agricultural products, and the role that cooperatives play in sustainable agricultural production were highlighted.
daccess-ods.un.org
挂图中的数据包括农村地区的农村人口规模和增长速度、农业人口规模、 农业区和农田、森林面积、灌溉面积、获得改善供水和 生 的 情况 、 农业 中 经 济 活跃人口和化肥的使用;以及城市地区的城市人口规模和增长率、人类住区占据 的土地面积、生活在贫民窟中的城市人口、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、二氧化 碳的排放量、空气中颗粒物的密度、产业和服务业中的就业、国内生产总值、使 [...]
用中的机动车辆和能源消耗。
daccess-ods.un.org
The data contained in the wallcharts include, for the rural areas, size and rate of growth of the rural population, size of
[...]
the agricultural
[...] population, agricultural area and cropland, forest area, irrigated areas, access to improved water and sanitation, economically active population in agriculture and fertilizer [...]
use; and for the urban
[...]
areas, size and rate of growth of the urban population, land area occupied by human settlements, urban population living in slums, access to improved water and sanitation, carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations of particulate matter in the air, employment in industry and services, gross domestic product, motor vehicles in use and consumption of energy.
daccess-ods.un.org
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