| 单词 | 烃化作用 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 烃化作用 —alkylationSee also:化作 v—become v • turn into v 化作—change into 作用 n—role n • action n • effect n • activity n • result n • roles pl • part n • function n • purpose n 作用—play a role • impact • affect • act on • intent • corresponds English -ity, -ism, -ization
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另外，专家指出，螺杆和挤压机驱动也是根据 氟氯烃技术设计的，但是二氧化碳的 工 作 压 力比 使 用 氟 氯 烃作 为 发 泡剂的工作压力大得 多。 multilateralfund.org | In addition, the experts have pointed out that the screw and extruder drive were [...] also designed based on HCFC technology, but the working pressure of CO multilateralfund.org |
因此，瑞士 支持对《议定书》的拟议修正，该修正旨在逐步淘汰生产和消费 被 用作 氟 氯烃 替代品的氢氟碳化合物。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Switzerland therefore supported the proposed [...] amendments to the Protocol aimed at phasing down the [...] production and consumption of HFCs adopted as alternatives to HCFCs. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
与会者强调的其他问题包括，必须确定和说明诸如与碳融资文书的联系等 主要内容，以及将氟氯烃作为受 控物质和原料 使 用 所 产 生的影响。 multilateralfund.org | Among other issues highlighted was the need to identify and clarify such elements as [...] linkages to carbon funding [...] instruments and the repercussions of HCFC use as both a controlled substance [...]and a feedstock. multilateralfund.org |
(g) 完成氟氯烃生产行业的相关工作，除其他外，包括：为周期生产车间供资；确定旨 [...] 在尽早淘汰氟氯烃生产的激励措施和/或将于晚些时候被淘汰的氟氯烃生产的阻碍 因素；制定强有力的监测制度，类似于用于核查四 氯 化 碳 淘 汰情况的制度，以监督 那些已接受供资但仍继续生产氟氯 烃用作 原 材 料的工厂；分析并比较结束生产的费 用与改为生产 HFC-32 用作原材料的费用。 multilateralfund.org | (g) Finalizing the work on the HCFC production sector, including, inter alia, funding for swing plants; incentives for early phase-out of HCFC production and/or disincentives for HCFC production that would be phased out later; a robust monitoring system, similar to that [...] used for the verification of the CTC phase-out, to monitor [...] facilities that received funding but continued to produce HCFCs for feedstock uses; an analysis of costs for production closure [...]versus conversion to HFC-32 production for feedstock. multilateralfund.org |
其它代表则认为，《维也纳公约》第 2 条允许各缔约方 协调其在管理逐步淘汰氟氯烃及采用 氢 氟 碳 化 合 物等替代品方面的政策，此 外，在《蒙特利尔议定书》下采取行动来逐步削减氢氟碳化合物的做法是合适 的，因为正是由于在《议定书》下开展了逐步淘汰氟 氯 烃 的 工 作 ， 才 直接导致 了氢氟碳化合物的逐步引入。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Other representatives, however, argued that article 2 of the Vienna Convention allowed the parties [...] to coordinate their [...] policies in managing the phase-out of HCFCs and the introduction of alternatives, including HFCs, and that action to phase down HFCs was clearly appropriate under the Montreal Protocol as the phasing in of those substances was the direct result of the HCFC phase-out implemented under [...]the Protocol. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
相比之下，结晶化工艺则利用了 C8 芳烃组分较大的凝固点 差异而从混合物中分离 PX。 exxonmobilchemical.com.cn | The crystallization process takes advantage of the large differences between the freezing points of the C8 aromatic components [...] to separate PX from the mixture. exxonmobilchemical.com.cn |
氯化芳烃在聚 酯衬里织物或羊毛/聚酯衬里织物纤维的染色工艺 中用作染色载体。 afirm-group.com | Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons are used as carriers in the dyeing process of polyester or wool/polyester fibers. afirm-group.com |
主任指出，这些文件包括具有特别重要意义的政策文件，即根据第 52/4 号决定对氟 氯烃化合物 的生产和消费的淘汰活动的政策分析和可能增加的 费 用 ； 根 据第 47/49 号决定 和第 49/32 号决定的要求对 2010 年以后体制建设支助的可能供资安排；和按照第 [...] 50/41 号 决定和第十九次缔约方会议的第 [...] XIX/11 号决定，就执行委员会举行年度会议次数问题的 文件。 multilateralfund.org | The Chief Officer said that the documents included policy papers of particular [...] importance, namely, an [...] analysis of policies and potential incremental costs for HCFC production and consumption phase-out activities further to [...]decision 52/4; possible [...]funding arrangements for institutional strengthening support after 2010, as requested in decisions 47/49 and 49/32; and , in line with decisions 50/41 and XIX/11 of the Nineteenth Meeting of the Parties, a paper on the operation of the Executive Committee in respect of the number of annual meetings. multilateralfund.org |
文件述及决定所涉各领域，考虑了：现有 的 化 工 生 产行业准则； 分别关于 HCFC-141b、-142b 和-22 生产的备选方案以及在氟氯烃生产部门计算 费 用 的方 法；生产/淘汰消费同步问题和将氟氯 烃作 为 原 料生产所产生的后果；以及与停产日期和周 期生产车间有关的问题。 multilateralfund.org | The document addressed the areas indicated in the decision by considering: the existing guidelines for the production sector; HCFC-141b, -142b and -22 [...] production options [...] separately and methods for cost calculations in the HCFC production sector; synchronization of production/consumption phase-out and consequences of HCFC production for feedstock purposes; and issues relating to cut-off dates [...]and swing plants. multilateralfund.org |
计量吸入器历来用氯氟化碳（CFC-12 和 CFC-11、有 时 也用 CFC-114）作为推进剂， 而最近又推出了四氟乙烷（HFC-134a）和七氟丙烷（HFC-227ea）(在制药次级行业，用氢 氟烷烃来指代氢氟碳化物) 。6 另外，在使用烃来作为推 进剂方面也进行了一些初步工作。 multilateralfund.org | Historically, the propellants used in MDIs are CFCs (CFC-12 and CFC-11, and sometimes CFC-114), and more recently HFC-134a and HFC-227ea (in the pharmaceutical sub-sector, HFC is referred to as HFA).6 In addition, some preliminary work has been conducted using hydrocarbons as propellants. multilateralfund.org |
关于在冲突和冲突后地区的作用问题 ，一些会员国认为应继续宣传和平 文 化 的 理 想， 使教科文组织在这方面的活动与其它联合国组织的活动，特别是在重建教育体系和保护文化 遗产方面的活动协调一致。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Concerning the contribution to conflict and post-conflict areas, several Member States proposed to continue promoting the ideals of a culture of peace and [...] to coordinate UNESCO’s [...]action in that regard with that of other United Nations organizations, in particular as regards the reconstruction of education systems and the preservation of cultural heritage. unesdoc.unesco.org |
应U N E S C O的要求，我们还对煤炭化工行业，煤 气 化 技 术 应 用 的 新 热点，煤制烯 烃项目的运行情况进行了调查。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Within the framwork of UNESCO/Shell Chair, we did survey on projects which used [...] coal to produce alkenes, the highlight of coal gasification technology. unesdoc.unesco.org |
世界银行的代表在回答 提问时解释说，气候指标还没有考虑到 HFC-23 的共同生产，计算化工生 产行业活动费用 时也没有考虑到原料用途的氟氯烃用 途 的 改变。 multilateralfund.org | In response to questions, the representative of the [...] World Bank explained that [...] the climate indicators had not taken into account the co-production of HFC-23 or the diversion of HCFCs for feedstock [...]applications in the costing [...]of activities for the production sector. multilateralfund.org |
对 外经济合作办公 室将与该企业讨论能否将新工厂设计为适合 采 用 使 用烃 类 的 预混多元醇。 multilateralfund.org | The Foreign Economic Cooperation Office (FECO) will discuss with [...] the enterprise whether the new facility can be designed for the use of hydrocarbon-based pre-blended polyols. multilateralfund.org |
一些成员认 为，根据蒙特利尔议定书缔约方会议第十九次会议的第 XIX/6 [...] 号决定，特别是第 9 和第 11 段，在审查项目和方案时，将采取反对 使 用 对 于 气候具有重大影响的氟 氯 烃作 为 替 代品的 假设，各执行机构在筹备此种活动时应顾及这一点。 multilateralfund.org | Some members expressed the view that, in line with decision XIX/6 of the Nineteenth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, in particular paragraphs 9 and 11, a [...] presumption against [...] the application of alternatives to HCFCs with a high impact on climate should [...]be applied when reviewing [...]projects and programmes, and that the implementing agencies should take this view into account when preparing such activities. multilateralfund.org |
加拿大的包括圣卢西亚制冷和空调行业的消耗臭氧层物质的最终淘汰管理计划和乌拉 圭附件 A 第一类物质最终淘汰管理计划，意大利的是刚果民主共和国最终淘汰溶剂行业的 消耗臭氧层物质总体项目，摩洛哥淘 汰 用作 土 壤 熏蒸剂的甲基溴，在塞尔维亚最终淘汰四 氯化碳项目；西班牙的是阿拉伯利比亚民众国淘汰园艺中的甲基溴。 multilateralfund.org | For Canada, those covered the terminal phase-out management plan for ODS in the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector in Saint Lucia and the terminal phase-out management plan for Annex A Group I substances in Uruguay; for Italy, the umbrella project for terminal phase-out of ODS in the solvent sector in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the phase-out of methyl bromide as a soil fumigant in Morocco, and the terminal CTC phase-out project in Serbia; and for Spain, the phase-out of methyl bromide in horticulture in Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. multilateralfund.org |
一大批具体的建议已提交给对话的协调员，如建立大学的对话与网络；青年科学家的 对话，邀请教科文组织教席担任者参与对话活动；两个地区的实习记者和资深新闻工作者的 对话；举行青年论坛；重新启动文学作品翻译委员会，增 加 用 欧 洲语言翻译的阿拉 伯 作 品； 学校教科书的比较研究；文化产业 专业人士的对话；举办跨地区会议，探讨欧洲历史教科书 中阿拉伯伊斯兰文化的形象。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A host of concrete proposals were suggested to the coordinators of the Dialogue, such as: dialogue and networking among universities; dialogue among young scientists, involving UNESCO chairholders in dialogue activities; dialogue among student journalists and seasoned media practitioners from both regions; the holding of youth forums; reactivation of the Committee [...] for the Translation of Literary Works and increase in the translation [...] of Arabic works into European languages; a comparative study of school textbooks; dialogue involving professionals from cultural industries; the [...]organization of an interregional [...]conference on the image of Arab-Islamic culture in European history books. unesdoc.unesco.org |
作为一个多功能的 PSL 标签解决方案，Label-Lyte 52LLC210 薄膜可减少材料消耗，并且作为一 种聚 烯 烃 ， 可通过现有的聚 烯 烃 回 收 渠道循环 利 用。 news.exxonmobilchemical.com | A multi-functional PSL labeling solution, Label-Lyte 52LLC210 film reduces material consumption, and as a polyolefin, is recyclable through existing polyolefin recycling channels. news.exxonmobilchemical.com |
(a) 在一次性医疗器械次级行业，氟氯 烃用作 针 管 或制针工具的清洁剂，其次用 作稀释硅化程序 （包括带硅油的针头和注射器钢瓶）硅油的溶剂 multilateralfund.org | (a) In the disposable medical [...] devices sub-sector, HCFCs are used as a cleaning agent for needle tubes or needle-making tools and, secondly, as a solvent to dilute silicon oil for the silicification [...]process (covering of needles [...]and syringe cylinders with silicon oil) multilateralfund.org |
關於對藝團的資助，委員普遍認為，政府當局必須(a) [...] 確保撥款資源在演藝團體之間得到合理而公平的分配；(b)檢討當 局資助主要演藝團體的現行模式，以免窒礙沒有接受資助的商業 藝團的發展；(c)提供更多資助以支援中小型藝團及新進藝術家； (d)探討有何方法可盡量減少在營辦藝術活動方面的員工和行政開 支，以便把節省下來的款項重新撥作藝術發 展 用 途 ； (e)研究現行 撥款政策在達致各項政策目標方面的成效，例如鼓勵藝術與 文化 作多元 均衡發展的政策目標；及(f)考慮增加文化藝術方面的整體 撥款，因為現時有迫切需要實現西九文化區計劃的願景。 legco.gov.hk | Regarding funding support for the arts groups, members in generally considered that the Administration should (a) ensure a reasonable and fair distribution of funding resources amongst arts groups; (b) review the existing mode of subsidy for the major performing arts groups to avoid stifling the development of non-subvented commercial arts groups; (c) provide more funding for the support of small and medium sized arts groups and budding artists; (d) explore means to minimize staffing and administrative expenses in the operation of arts programmes so that the [...] savings could be [...] re-allocated to the use of arts development; (e) examine the effectiveness of the current funding policy in achieving the policy goals, such as encouraging diversified and balanced development of arts and culture; and (f) [...]consider increasing its [...]overall allocation of funding for culture and the arts, given the imminent need to achieve the vision of the West Kowloon Culture District project. legco.gov.hk |
一些建议涉及开展跨学科计划/行动的可能性：如开展一项有关图书馆（社区、大 [...] 学、学校、政府）与信息部门的跨学科计划，来传播信息，让尽可能多的人群受 益，为教育和终身学习做出贡献，并起到重要的 文 化作用 ； 一 项建议提到语言， 把它与文化密切地联系在一起，作为传播和教育（有利于提高对第一语言的掌 握）的组成部分。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Several suggestions concern the development of possible interdisciplinary programmes/actions: e.g., the development of an interdisciplinary programme on the library (community, university, school, governmental) and information sectors, to disseminate information for the benefit of the broadest possible audience, contribute to education and [...] lifelong learning and [...] serve a major cultural role; one on languages, as inalienably linked to culture, integral to communication [...]and to education [...](as beneficial to literacy in the first language). unesdoc.unesco.org |
洪都拉斯还向《蒙特利尔议定书》多边基金执行委员会提交了关于在洪都 拉斯淘汰氯氟烃的国 家方案，在此基础上，国家将为那些大量使用这种物质的行 业提供帮助，推进民用制冷设备使用 碳 氢 化 合 物 等替代产品，加强法律建设，进 一步履行《蒙特利尔议定书》规定的国家义务。 daccess-ods.un.org | Honduras has presented to the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund of the Montreal Protocol a national proposal for the elimination of CFC in Honduras, whereby support will be given to the sectors with the highest consumption of CFC [...] and the conversion [...] of domestic refrigerating equipment will be encouraged, or else the use of substitute substances such as hydrocarbons, and the legal framework and national initiatives to comply [...]with domestic obligations [...]under the Montreal Protocol will be reinforced. daccess-ods.un.org |
将对选定的作为重 要人力资源的地方专家进行培训，内容涉及在维修行业中具备先 进技术的领域编制并执行氟氯烃淘汰管理计划，以及其他国家在氟 氯 烃 淘 汰 管理计划方面 的趋势、替代技术和获得的经验。 multilateralfund.org | Selected local experts will be trained, as central human resources, for the HPMP preparation and implementation in the advanced technologies areas in the service sector, trends and alternative technologies and experiences attained in other countries for the HPMP. multilateralfund.org |
这是根据第 [...] 36/56（e）号决定采取的做法，该决定除其他外规定“提交缔约方会议的执行 委员会年度报告应按国别说明通过使 用 氟 氯 烃作 为 替代品的项目采用的 HCFC-141b 消费 量，在适用第 27/13 号决定时将不包括这一消费量。 multilateralfund.org | This is in response to decision 36/56 (e), which states, inter alia “That the annual Executive Committee report to the Meeting of the [...] Parties should state by [...] country the amount of HCFC-141b consumption phased in through projects using HCFC as replacements, [...]a consumption [...]which would - in application of decision 27/13 - be excluded from funding at future stages. multilateralfund.org |
它们在许多应用中都 具有被认可的优势，包括改善操作人员在清洁和涂层操作中的舒适度， 优 化 金 属 加工 操 作 和 聚 烯 烃 制 造 的成本。 exxonmobilchemical.com | They provide recognized benefits in [...] many applications, from improved worker comfort during cleaning and painting activities to cost optimization in metalworking operations and polyolefin manufacturing. exxonmobilchemical.com |
小組委員會認為，政府當局首先須清楚說明，西九龍 [...] 填海區的發展可如何有助香港的整體發展，以及西九龍文娛藝 術區作為策略性項目，可如何發揮催 化作用 ， 促 成香港實現長 遠的文化藝術願景，然後才制訂合適的策略及機制，以確保規 [...] 劃工作的成效及方便公眾在整個過程中參與其事。 legco.gov.hk | The Subcommittee is of the view that the Administration should first articulate on what the developments on WKR should help to achieve in the overall development of Hong Kong and how [...] WKCD is strategically placed to catalyze the realization of a [...] long-term arts and cultural vision for Hong Kong, [...]and then formulate [...]appropriate strategies and mechanisms to ensure efficacy of planning and to facilitate public involvement in the whole process. legco.gov.hk |
在教科文组织/美国国 务院合作框架内，与国际理论和应 用化 学 联 合会（IUPAC）化学教育委员会 合 作 ， 在 莫桑比 克举办了一期微科学试验与教材国际讲习班。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In the framework of UNESCO/US State Department cooperation, and in collaboration with the IUPAC Commission on Chemical Education, [...] an international workshop on microscience [...]experiments and didactical materials was organized in Mozambique. unesdoc.unesco.org |
在人员编制方面，秘书长表示，拟议预算反映 了减少重叠、简化作用与职 责的努力，其目的是增强各工作流程的协同增效作用， [...] 作为信息和通信技术投资的成果(A/66/6(Introduction)，第 26 段)。 daccess-ods.un.org | With regard to staffing resources, the Secretary-General indicates [...] that the proposals reflect efforts to [...] reduce overlap and streamline roles and responsibilities [...]to bring greater synergies [...]in workflows as a result of investments in information and communications technology (A/66/6 (Introduction), para. 26). daccess-ods.un.org |
关于文化方面，教科文组织从两个层面促进实现千年发展目标基金资助的文化产业联 合计划：(i) [...] 国家主要对应方的能力建设，以加强国家对《保护和促进文化表现形式多样性 公约》拨款，支持组织文化和教育领域的各项活动；以及(ii) 提高对文化作为发展动力的作 用的认识。 unesdoc.unesco.org | As regards culture, UNESCO’s contribution to the MDG-F funded joint programme on cultural industries is twofold: (i) capacity-building of the main national counterpart to strengthen national appropriation of the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions and supporting [...] the organization of cultural and educational activities; and (ii) [...] awareness-raising on the role of culture as a driving force for [...]development. unesdoc.unesco.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。