| 单词 | 灾星 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 灾星 —comet or supernova viewed as evil portent星星 noun —star nSee also:灾 n—disaster n 灾—calamity 星 n—satellite n • star n • saturn n
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1850 年至 1875 年期间，欧 洲的学术界和政界就以下问题展开了激烈的争论：专利制度是自由贸易原则 的 灾星 ， 还是 刺激发明的最好实用手段？ iprcommission.org | Between 1850 and 1875, a debate raged in Europe, both in academic and political circles, on whether the patent system was a blight on free trade principles or the best practical means of stimulating inventions. iprcommission.org |
2008年1月，中国部分地区遭受雪灾， 星 展 北 京、上海、广州、深圳和苏州分行代表星展集团控股公司分别向当地慈善中心捐赠人民币20万元，共计100万元。 dbs.com | DBS Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and [...] Suzhou donated one million RMB in total to Charity Organization for China Snow Disaster. dbs.com |
援助希望得到这种援助的会员国，特别是在发生自然灾害时，利用中国的 “ 灾 害 监测 卫星群”获取地球观测数据。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Assist Member States, desiring to receive such assistance, by acquiring earth [...] observation data in the event of natural disasters [...] using the “Disaster Monitoring Constellation” series of Chinese satellites. unesdoc.unesco.org |
他说，灾后一个星期内 ，日美两国军队就重新开放了机场报道，使数以百计的救援人员和200多万吨救援物资得以送达。 embassyusa.cn | He said that within one week of the disaster, Japanese forces [...] and their U.S. counterparts had reopened the airport’s runway, [...]enabling the arrival of hundreds of relief workers and more than 2 million tons of supplies. eng.embassyusa.cn |
在灾害发生仅数星期后，联海稳定团接到经常使用特别是北部非法简易 机场的报告，几乎所有贩毒路线和业务似乎已告恢复。 daccess-ods.un.org | Just weeks after the disaster, MINUSTAH received [...] reports of regular use of illegal airstrips, particularly in the north, [...]and nearly all drug routes and operations seem to have been reactivated. daccess-ods.un.org |
2011 年，中国的环境与灾害监测预报小卫 星星 座 在国 家 灾 害 控 制系统中发 挥了积极作用。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2011, [...] China’s small satellite constellation for environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting played an active part in the national disaster control system. daccess-ods.un.org |
为此目的，亚太经社会与亚洲哨兵和《国际空间与重大灾害宪 章》24 [...] 制定了相关计划，通过亚太经社会-日本宇宙航空研究开发机 构的合作，提供灾后卫星信息，尤其是在这些领域帮助本区域未得到 足够服务的发展中国家。 daccess-ods.un.org | For this purpose, ESCAP has already worked out plans with Sentinel Asia and the International Charter Space and Major Disasters24 through ESCAP-Japanese [...] Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) [...] cooperation for post-disaster satellite information especially [...]for the under-served developing countries of the region. daccess-ods.un.org |
地球观测卫星委员会灾害卫星扩增 小组正在与地球观测卫星委员会系统工 程处联合审查报告中强调的具体灾害相关用户要求，并且正在确定观测和测量 [...] 参数，反过来将根据地球观测卫星委员会 2010-2030 年期间现有和计划的飞行任 务数据库追踪这些参数。 daccess-ods.un.org | The CEOS Disaster Satellite-Based Augmentation Team [...] is working in conjunction with the CEOS Systems Engineering Office to [...]review the specific disaster-related user requirements highlighted in the report and is identifying observation and measurement parameters, which in turn will be tracked against the CEOS database of existing and planned missions for the 2010-2030 time frame. daccess-ods.un.org |
联合 国训练研究所业务卫星应用方案为人道主义救济和 防 灾 开 发 和传 播 星 基 服 务和 产品。 daccess-ods.un.org | The UNITAR Operational Satellite [...] Applications Programme develops [...] and disseminates satellite-based services and products for humanitarian relief and disaster prevention. daccess-ods.un.org |
制图科通过外层空间事务厅启动了《空间与重大灾害问题国际宪章》机 制，以获得灾后卫星图像，并代表外勤支助部启动了全球监测促进环境和安全 举措区域危机业务、情况认识和情报管理服务处的快速制图服务，该欧洲联盟 [...] 举措的目的是提供可用于世界各地热点地区的预警和危机预防以及危机管理和 [...]快速干预的情报数据。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Cartographic Section, through the Office for Outer Space Affairs, triggered the [...] International Charter on [...] Space and Major Disasters to obtain postevent satellite imagery, and [...]on behalf of the Department [...]of Field Support activated the rapid mapping service of the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) Management of Operations, Situation Awareness and Intelligence for Regional Crisis (G-MOSAIC) services, a European Union initiative to provide intelligence data that can be applied to early warning and crisis prevention as well as to crisis management and rapid interventions in hot spots around the world. daccess-ods.un.org |
这场洪灾始于三个多星期前，现已经 祸及巴基斯坦全国约五分之一的国土，给该国农业中 心地区带来了灾难性破坏。 daccess-ods.un.org | The floods, which began more than three weeks ago, have affected [...] about one fifth of the area of the country, with disastrous [...]effects on its agricultural heartland. daccess-ods.un.org |
合作领域包括加强区域能力建设与研究中心、开展 区域基准评估和定期审查、以及开发用于减 少 灾 害 风 险的 卫 星 技 术。 daccess-ods.un.org | Areas for cooperation include strengthening regional centres for capacity-building and [...] research, producing regional baseline assessments and [...] periodic reviews, and satellite technology for disaster risk reduction. daccess-ods.un.org |
同样，在 2005 年 10 月 8 日袭击巴基斯 坦北部的大地震期间、以及在 2010 年持续了几个月的洪灾期间，通 信卫星使各方能够保持至关重要的连通，同时卫星图像和地理信息系 统所提供的信息和地图提高了救灾和救援行动的成效。 daccess-ods.un.org | Similarly, during the massive earthquake which had struck northern [...] Pakistan on 8 October [...] 2005 and the floods which had lasted for several months in 2010, communications satellites had enabled vital connectivity, while satellite imagery and [...]geographical information [...]systems had provided information and maps that had made relief and rescue operations more effective. daccess-ods.un.org |
粮食 署还利用基金资源设立了后勤分组，在 救 灾 的 第一 个 星 期 谈判 救 灾 货 物 快轨通关 和海关豁免。 daccess-ods.un.org | WFP also used the Fund to establish the logistics [...] cluster, which negotiated fast-track procedures and customs [...] exemptions for relief cargo within the first week of the response. daccess-ods.un.org |
在七次全体会议上所作的专题介绍涉及以下专题：(a)空间技术方面的能力 [...] 建设；(b)遥感应用；(c)空间科学技术方面的最新发展； ( d ) 灾 害 管 理和 卫 星 预警系统；(e)全球导航卫星系统应用、地理信息系统和卫星通信；(f)地球观测和卫 [...]生；(g)区域合作与国际合作。 daccess-ods.un.org | The seven plenary sessions consisted of presentations on the following topics: (a) capacity-building in space technology; (b) remote sensing applications; (c) [...] recent developments in space science [...] and technology; (d) disaster management and satellite-based [...]early warning systems; (e) GNSS [...]applications, GIS and satellite communications; (f) Earth observation and health; and (g) regional and international cooperation. daccess-ods.un.org |
与联合国、智利政府和非政 府组织分享了卫星图像和灾情评估图。 daccess-ods.un.org | The satellite images and damage assessment [...] maps were shared with the United Nations, the Chilean Government and nongovernmental organizations. daccess-ods.un.org |
发射了十六件外国航天器：AMERICOM-12 (AMC-12)、 AMC-23、 DirecTV-8 和 Galaxy-14 [...] 卫星、光学轨道间通讯工程测试卫星 [...] (OISETS)、创新技术示范实 验卫星 (INDEX) 和 XI-V 卫星、 三件欧洲航天器—学生探测空间和技术倡议 (SSETI) 快车、 AMC 金星快车和伽利略—以及 Anik、 中国灾害监测星座-4 (DMC-4)、 Sina-1、TopSat、 挪威学生卫星 NCUBE 和 UVE-1 卫星。 oosa.unvienna.org | Sixteen foreign space vehicles were launched: the AMERICOM-12 (AMC-12), AMC-23, DirecTV-8 and Galaxy-14 satellites, the Optical Inter-orbit Communications Engineering Test Satellite (OISETS), the Innovative Technology Demonstration Experiment Satellite (INDEX) and the XI-V satellite, three European space vehicles—the Student Space Exploration and Technology Initiative (SSETI) Express, AMC Venus [...] Express and Galileo—and [...] the Anik, China Disaster Monitoring Constellation-4 (DMC-4), Sina-1, TopSat, the Norwegian Student Satellite NCUBE and the UVE-1 satellite. oosa.unvienna.org |
在海地地震 救灾工作中，卫星项目、欧洲联盟委员会联合研究中心和世界银行及其全球减灾 和灾后恢复基金建立战略伙伴关系，首次利用地理信息和 卫 星 图 像进 行 灾 害 全面 评估。 daccess-ods.un.org | In response to the Haiti earthquake, a strategic [...] partnership among UNOSAT, the European Commission Joint Research Centre and the World Bank and its Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) was mobilized to carry out the first integrated damage assessment to rely on geographic information and satellite imagery. daccess-ods.un.org |
澳中两国已合作收集发电站运行发电时所排放的二氧化碳，快速处理 卫 星 数 据 以指 导 灾 后 恢复工作，并联手开发世界上最高效的太阳能电池。 australiachina.com.au | Already Australia and China have cooperated to capture carbon dioxide emissions [...] from operating power [...] stations, process satellite data swiftly enough to guide disaster recovery efforts, [...]and develop the world’s most efficient solar cells australiachina.com.au |
可视灾害的类型和受影响地区的大致范围使用不 同类型的卫星遥感数据，其中包括：(a)低/中分辨率多频谱光学图像（例如，中 分辨率成像分光仪、高级大地观测卫星、高级可见光和近红外辐射计 、 灾 害管 理星座和 大地遥感卫星）；(b) 高分辨率光学数据（例如，地球观测卫星 daccess-ods.un.org | Depending on the type of disaster and the approximate extent of the affected areas, different types of satellite remote sensing data can be used, including: (a) low/medium-resolution multi-spectral optical imagery (e.g. MODIS, the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS), the Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer (AVNIR), the Disaster Management Constellation (DMC) and the Land Remote Sensing Satellite (Landsat)); (b) high-resolution optical data (e.g. the Satellite pour l’observation de la Terre (SPOT), Formosat, Ikonos and WorldView-1 and 2, Quickbird and GeoEye); (c) medium-resolution radar data (e.g. the Environmental Satellite (Envisat), Radarsat and the ALOS Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR)); and (d) high-resolution radar data (e.g. Cosmo-SkyMed and TerraSAR-X). daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会满意地注意到这次会议通过的《蒙巴萨宣言》所体 现的会议成果，如重申为非洲国家发展空间技术并开展相关活动、实施非洲资 源管理卫星星座、与联合国灾害管理与应急反应天基信息平台及其设在非洲的 区域支助办事处协调建设一体化的区域灾害管理系统，以及呼吁非洲各国加入 [...] 联合国各项外层空间条约。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee noted with satisfaction the various outcomes of the Conference, reflected in the Mombasa Declaration adopted at the Conference, such as the reaffirmation of developing space technologies and related activities for African countries, implementation [...] of the African Resource [...] Management satellite constellation, the establishment of an integrated regional disaster management system [...]in coordination with [...]the United Nations Platform for Space -based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response (UN -SPIDER) and its regional support offices in Africa, and the call for the accession of African countries to the United Nations treaties on outer space. daccess-ods.un.org |
巴 基斯坦 2 [...] 万多武装部队，包括多支医疗队、几十架直升机、几架 C-130 型飞机和 1 000 多条船艇动员起来，在全国各地进行搜救行动，并在紧急时期的头三 个星 期把紧急救灾物品分发给流离失所和孤立无援的人民。 daccess-ods.un.org | Over 20,000 Pakistan troops of the armed forces, including medical teams, dozens of helicopters, several C-130 aircraft and over 1,000 boats, were mobilized to undertake search-and-rescue operations throughout the [...] country; and to distribute [...] immediate relief supplies to displaced and isolated populations in the first three weeks of the emergency. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际电联制定了 4 项新建议：ITU-R S.1001 号建议（在发生自然灾害和类 似紧急情况下将卫星固定业务系统用于预警和援救行动）；ITU-R M.1042 号建 议（业余服务和卫星业余服务中的救 灾 通 信）；ITU-R M.1637 号建议（关于在 紧急和救灾情况下无线电通信设备的全球跨境流通）以及 ITU-R M.1854 号建议 （将移动卫星服务用于应灾和救灾）。 daccess-ods.un.org | ITU developed four new recommendations: recommendation ITU-R [...] S.1001 (Use of [...] systems in the fixed-satellite service in the event of natural disasters and similar emergencies for warning and relief operations), recommendation ITU-R M.1042 (Disaster communications in the amateur and amateur-satellite services); recommendation ITU-R M.1637 (Global cross-border circulation of radiocommunication equipment in emergency and disaster relief situations) and recommendation ITU-R M.1854 (Use of mobile-satellite service in disaster response and relief). daccess-ods.un.org |
各国表示有意 利用宽带互联网络工程试验及演示卫 星 进 行 通信 和 灾 害 管理，并愿意将其作为 光纤电缆的补充以进一步扩大太平洋和南亚对信通技术的获取范围。 daccess-ods.un.org | The countries expressed interest in utilizing the Wideband [...] InterNetworking engineering test [...] and Demonstration Satellite for communication and disaster management and [...]as a supplement to fibre-optic [...]cables to further expand information and communications technology (ICT) access in the Pacific and in South Asia. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了重建基本通信连接，国际电联与国际移动 卫星组织、Iridium、Qualcomm、Vizada 和 Wireless Reach 等伙伴合作，部署了 100 台卫星终端，还向受灾地区发送了 60 台具有宽带能力的设备，并派出了操 作这些设备的专家。 daccess-ods.un.org | In order to re-establish basic communication links, ITU, in cooperation with such partners as Inmarsat, Iridium, Qualcomm, Vizada [...] and Wireless Reach, [...] deployed 100 satellite terminals, and a further 60 units with broadband capabilities have been dispatched to disaster zones, along with [...]experts to operate them. daccess-ods.un.org |
遥感图象处理及分析，新的卫星灾害 监 测计划, 全球定位系统（CPS），地理信息系统（GIS）,数据 采集, 决策支持系统（DSS），预警，灾前计算 [...] 作者需于 2003 年 12 月 15 日之前提交英文摘要（最多 2 页），包括题目、关键词、作者、地址、单位、 电子邮件、电话。 iahs.info | Remote sensing (RS) images processing and [...] analysis, New satellite planning for disasters monitoring, [...]Global Positioning System (CPS), [...]Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Data mining, Decision support systems ( DSS), Early warning, Advanced computing. iahs.info |
其他与会者建议关注的优先领域包括：气候变化、 防 灾 备 灾 、 通 过资源可持续 管理减少生物多样性的损失、可再生能源、国家科学与技术战略的制定、促进地方和本地知识系 [...] 统，以及改进科学家与决策者的联系。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Other suggested areas of priority attention included: [...] climate change, disaster prevention and [...]preparedness, minimizing biodiversity loss [...]through sustainable management of resources, renewable energies, the formulation of national strategies in science and technology, the promotion of local and indigenous knowledge systems as well as improving the links between scientists and decision-makers. unesdoc.unesco.org |
取得的成果包括：实现全民教育的综合国家承诺；广泛宣传波斯语版本的《全民教育 全球监测报告》，以激发关于素质教育的公共意识和政策辩论；建立起有关教育和科学的国 [...] 民议会对话机制；用波斯语为教师编制和宣传包容性教育的学习培训资料；就滥用药物与艾 滋病毒/艾滋病问题进行磋商；就文化多样性和人权进行高级别政策对话、交流和培训；在 [...] 新闻行业开展能力建设，以及报告与性别、环境恶化、 防 灾 减 灾 以 及 艾滋病毒和艾滋病有关 的敏感问题。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Achievements include: consolidated national commitment toward EFA; wide dissemination of EFA Global Monitoring Reports (Farsi version) to stimulate public awareness and policy debates on quality education; establishment of a dialogue mechanism with the national parliament on education and sciences; production and dissemination of learning and training materials in Farsi for teachers on inclusive education; consultation on drug abuse and HIV/AIDS; high-level policy dialogue, exchanges and training on cultural diversity and human rights; capacity-building in journalism and [...] reporting on sensitive issues related to gender, [...] environmental degradation, disaster preparedness and [...]mitigation, and HIV/AIDS. unesdoc.unesco.org |
非政府组织和 其他私人行为者有时统称为“公民社会”行为者，他们的活动也包括在条款草案 的范围，但处于次要地位，或作为国家义务(例如第 5 条所规定的各国合作的义 务)的直接受益人，或根据受灾国、 第三国或实体或私人行为者国籍国国内法 律，间接地实施条款草案。 daccess-ods.un.org | The activities of nongovernmental organizations and other private actors, sometimes collectively referred to as “civil society” actors, are included within the scope of the draft articles only in a secondary manner, either as direct beneficiaries of duties placed on States (for example, of the duty of States to cooperate, in article 5) or indirectly, as being subject to the domestic laws, implementing the draft articles, of either the affected State, a third State or the State of nationality of the entity or private actor. daccess-ods.un.org |
示范战略和实际措施》增订本认识到有些特殊的妇女群体特别容易遭受暴 力行为，无论是由于其国籍、族裔、宗教和语言，还是由于其属于土著群体、移 [...] 民、无国籍人、难民、居住在不发达、农村或边远社区、无家可归、被机构安置 [...] 或拘留、身有残疾、是老年妇女、寡妇或生活在冲突、冲突后 和 灾 害 局势中，因 此，在制定针对暴力侵害妇女行为的预防犯罪和刑事司法对策时，需要对她们予 [...]以特殊关注、干预和保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | The updated Model Strategies and Practical Measures recognize that some special groups of women are particularly vulnerable to violence, either because of their nationality, ethnicity, religion or language, or because they belong to an indigenous group, are migrants, are stateless, are refugees, live in underdeveloped, rural or remote communities, are homeless, are in institutions or in detention, have disabilities, are [...] elderly, are widowed or live in conflict, [...] post-conflict or disaster situations, and [...]as such they require special attention, [...]intervention and protection in the development of crime prevention and criminal justice responses to violence against women. daccess-ods.un.org |
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