| 单词 | 灌区 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 灌区 —area under irrigationSee also:灌—irrigate • install (software) • record (music)
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由灌区负责机构或农民个人直接从河流或湖泊中抽取的水是免费的。 wrdmap.org | Water that is directly diverted from rivers or lakes by ID institutions or individual farmers is free of charge. wrdmap.org |
发展和应用实时灌溉预报技术；加强 灌区 用 水 管理 技术的研究与应用，提倡动态计划用水管理。 wrdmap.org | Strengthen the research and [...] application of irrigation area water use [...]management technology. Advocate dynamic planned water use management. wrdmap.org |
灌区也可以利用远程监控系统 提高水管理和控制水平。 wrdmap.org | Remote monitoring and [...] control systems allow districts to improve water [...]management and control. wrdmap.org |
此类重新配置一般都没有明确规划，只是实 现了在个别灌区更合理地配水，减少灌溉系统首尾之间的不公平性。 wrdmap.org | This reallocation may not be explicitly planned, and may just result in a [...] better distribution of water within [...] an individual irrigation district and reduced [...]inequity between head and tail of the system. wrdmap.org |
改造较小流量渠道时优先采用低压管道输配水技术；在高扬 程提水灌区和有 发展自压管道输水条件 的 灌区 ， 优 先发展自压式管道输水系统。 wrdmap.org | When renovating relatively small volume ditches, low-pressure pipeline water transfer and dispatch [...] technology should be given [...] priority. In high-lift pumping irrigation areas and areas suited for self-pressure [...]pipeline water transfer, [...]self-pressure pipeline water transfer systems should be given priority in development. wrdmap.org |
如加利福尼亚许多灌区正在 安装远程监测系 统，一些地方还安装遥控系统（如监控与数据采集系统（SCADA））。 wrdmap.org | In California, Many irrigation districts are installing remote [...] monitoring and in some cases remote control systems such [...]as Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA). wrdmap.org |
地表水灌溉 [...] 可以产生很多退水量，但由于退水的分布是分散的且随时间发生变化，因此很难确定 这些水量到底有多少，这部分水量既可能在 该 灌区 内 被 重新利用，也可能被渠道下游 的某些地区所利用。 wrdmap.org | Return flows from surface irrigation can be very high but they are difficult to quantify as they are diffuse and [...] variable in time, they may be reused [...] internally within the irrigation district, and they [...]may occur at many locations in the tail of the system. wrdmap.org |
大力推广各种农业用水工程设施控制与调度方 法，高效使用地表水，合理开采地下水，在时间上和空间上合理分配与使用水资源， [...] 发展“长藤结瓜”灌溉系统及其灌溉水管理技术，实现“大、中、小，蓄、引、提” 联合调度，提高灌区内的 调蓄能力和反调节能力。 wrdmap.org | Greatly popularize various agricultural water-consuming projects control and dispatching methods, use surface water with high efficiency, reasonably exploit underground water, reasonably dispatch and use water resources across time and space, develop "long-vine melon" irrigation systems and irrigation water management technology, realize the [...] unified dispatching of water and enhance dispatching-storage and anti-dispatching [...] abilities within the irrigation area. wrdmap.org |
比如在大型灌区，受 保障的水权有助于明确供水 方对用水户的供水义务，并且有助于减少渠首-渠尾矛盾的出现，这类问题通常都是位 [...] 于配水渠上游段的用户取用了过多水量，导致下游用户出现用水紧张或者没水可用的 问题。 wrdmap.org | In large irrigation schemes, for example, secure [...] rights to water would help define the obligations of the service provider [...]to the users and reduce head-tail problems, where those at the head of a system take too much water, while those at the end are left with little or none at all. wrdmap.org |
调查研究如何根据农村和城市周边 灌区 粮 食 生产的水文学情况对水资源进行可持 续的开发，以促进减贫和实现千年发展目标。 unesdoc.unesco.org | to improve prospects for poverty reduction and achieving the Millennium Development Goals. unesdoc.unesco.org |
对输水损失大、输水效率低的支渠及其以上渠道优 先防渗；提倡井灌区无回灌补源 任务的固定渠道全部防渗；提 水 灌区 推 广 渠道防渗。 wrdmap.org | Advocate overall [...] anti-leakage to fix ditches that are not required to supplement the irrigation water from wells. wrdmap.org |
比 如，在内蒙古自治区，当地政府就实施了一项水资源需求管理项目，该项目“在大型 灌区内推行了一系列节水措施…之后将节约下来的水量转让给工业用水户，这样工业 [...] 用户就反过来支付了渠道衬砌和持续维护的成本。 wrdmap.org | For example, in Inner Mongolia a demand management programme by the Government “has [...] facilitated a series of water-savings [...] initiatives within large irrigation districts…this saved water [...]has then been transferred to industrial [...]users, with the industries in turn paying the cost of the canal lining and ongoing maintenance. wrdmap.org |
在世界上其他国家中出现了一种更加有效的制度，特别值得一提的是澳大利亚的墨雷 [...] 达令流域（Murray Darling），在该流域中农民个人（以及 将 灌区 作 为 一个整体对取 水进行管理）拥有长期水权。 wrdmap.org | A stronger system is found in some parts of the world, notably the Murray [...] Darling Basin, in which individual [...] farmers (as well as the irrigation district as a whole which [...]manages the abstraction) hold long term rights to water. wrdmap.org |
如以下这种情况：由于渠道渗漏，地表 水 灌区 的水 量损失可能很高，但这些水可能补给含水层，供下游用户取用。 wrdmap.org | There may be high local [...] losses on surface irrigation schemes, for example, [...]due to seepage from canals, but this water may [...]reach the aquifer to be recovered by downstream users. wrdmap.org |
自动控制需要与可靠而灵活的灌溉系统连接，按要求输水，大型 地表水灌区很难做到，但地下水灌区 相 对 容易。 wrdmap.org | They also need to be [...] linked to a reliable and flexible irrigation system able to deliver water [...]as required. wrdmap.org |
提倡水稻灌区格田 化和采 用水稻浅湿控制灌溉技术；推广水稻泡田与耕作结合技术；发展水稻“三旱”耕作与 旱育稀植抛秧技术；淘汰水稻长期淹灌技术；杜绝稻田串灌串排技术；积极研究稻田 适宜水层标准、土壤水分控制指标、晒田技术及相应的灌溉制度。 wrdmap.org | Advocate square fields in rice irrigation areas and adopt rice shallow-wet control irrigation techniques. wrdmap.org |
在甘肃省石羊河流域，一些地下水 灌区 恰 好位于大型地表 水 灌区 的 下 坡处，水的再利 用过程可能是不明显的，但却是相当重要的，因为，所抽取的地下水来自上游地表水 灌区损失水量的深层下渗。 wrdmap.org | In the Shiyang River Basin in Gansu, there are [...] groundwater irrigation areas just down-slope from large surface irrigation areas. This is a less visible but equally important re-use process: the groundwater which is abstracted comes from deep infiltration of losses from the upstream surface water irrigation systems. wrdmap.org |
调查研究如何根据农村和城市周边 灌区 粮 食 生产的水文学情况对水资源进行可持续 [...] 的开发，以促进减贫和实现千年发展目标。 unesdoc.unesco.org | implement studies and research related to sustainable water resources development in [...] the context of hydrology of food [...] production in rural and peri-urban irrigated [...]catchments to improve prospects for poverty [...]reduction and achieving Millennium Development Goals. unesdoc.unesco.org |
这将使该地区 [...] 得以继续实施农业土地恢复生产的措施和方案、防 止灌溉区水资 源稀缺的技术以及获得提供资源的融 资机制，以减轻和扭转荒漠化。 daccess-ods.un.org | That would allow the region to continue to implement measures and programmes on soil recovery for agriculture, land for [...] production, techniques to prevent [...] water scarcity in irrigation zones and access to financial [...]mechanisms for the provision [...]of resources to mitigate and reverse desertification. daccess-ods.un.org |
土壤水分监测 [...] 技术方法从最基本的“感觉”到使用复杂的仪表和传感器，而简单的金属探头是介于 其中的方法，它可以使灌区内土壤水分监测信息保持一致估计，用人力轻轻将探头插 [...] 入土壤，根据插入深度可以看出灌溉是否充分。 wrdmap.org | Techniques for soil moisture monitoring can range from the most basic ‘feel’ approach to the use of meters and sensors. Simple metal probes are an intermediate approach which can be used to [...] provide a consistent estimate of soil [...] moisture within a irrigation scheme - the depth to [...]which the probe can be inserted by [...]light manual pressure gives an indication of whether irrigation is complete. wrdmap.org |
在单个或一组用户直接取水的情况中（一个工业企业或一组农户共用 一眼小型水井），实现显式的水权分配相对容易，但要在大型的地表 水 灌区 实 现这种 显式分配就变得更加困难了，在这种情况下，用水户协会将有助于保护各个用水户的 [...] 权利。 wrdmap.org | This is easy to achieve where individual or groups of users abstract water directly (an [...] industry, or a group of farmers [...]sharing a small well), but more difficult for large scale surface irrigation. wrdmap.org |
拟建中心将调查姊妹流 域协议如何能在农村和城市周边灌区 实 现 公平分配水资源、更高效地联合利用水资 [...] 源、采取可持续灌溉的做法和减少残留物质的运输 ，并尽量减少其对生态系统功 能的影响。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The proposed centre will investigate how twin-basin arrangements can result in equitable water [...] allocation, more efficient conjunctive water [...] use, sustainable irrigation practices and reduced [...]transport of residuals in rural [...]and peri-urban irrigated environments and minimize their impact on the ecosystem function. unesdoc.unesco.org |
中澳联合项目组介绍了于2009年中结束的“跨行政区水污染管理”子项目，之后正式启动了ACEDP最新的一个子项目“加 强 灌区 管 理和水权交易提高水资源利用效率”(简称为大 型 灌区 项 目 LIS)。 acedp-partnership.org | A subsequent presentation of the joint Chinese Australian management team for the “Trans-jurisdictional Water Pollution Management” project that was completed in mid 2009, was followed by the formal launch of the latest ACEDP initiative, the [...] “Improving Water Use [...] Efficiency Through Better Irrigation District Management & Water Rights Trading” Project (commonly referred to as the Large Irrigation Scheme or LIS project). acedp-partnership.org |
十二五”期间，我省将加速推进中部城市引松供水干线工程建设进度，完成老龙口水利枢纽、引嫩入白、大 安 灌区 、 哈达山水利枢纽工程等4项重点工程建设任务，完善功能，充分发挥效益，实现年调控60亿立方米水资源目标。 kincle.net | Twelve Five" period, the province will accelerate the central city cited the progress of loose construction of water supply [...] lines to complete Laolongkou Water, Nen [...] into the white, Da irrigation, such as Hada Mountains [...]Hydro Project 4 key project construction [...]tasks, improve function, give full play efficiency to achieve regulation of 6 billion cubic meters of water resources goals. kincle.net |
同时跨行业调水使问题进一 步复杂化，上游灌溉转用下游城市用水会对上游和下游 地 区灌 溉 都 造成影响。 wrdmap.org | Inter-sectoral transfers of water further complicate the picture and it should be noted that [...] diverting water from upstream irrigation to downstream urban uses [...] may affect irrigation in both upstream and downstream areas. wrdmap.org |
考虑到阿 拉伯地区的需求，应该特别强调灌溉 方 法，荒漠化，以及自然灾害有效管理、水资源综合管 理和水资源利用的伦理问题的教育与研究。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Taking into account the needs [...] of the Arab region, special emphasis should be given to irrigation methods, desertification, [...]education [...]and research for efficient management of natural disasters and integrated management of water resources as well as ethics of water use. unesdoc.unesco.org |
交替局部根区灌溉是 另一项提高作物用水效率的技术措施，主要是利用植物对根区局 部土壤干燥的生理反应，约一半根系处于干燥土壤中，其余根系充分灌溉。 wrdmap.org | Alternate partial root-zone irrigation (CAPRI) is another [...] technique to improve crop water use efficiency by exploiting the [...]plant physiological responses to partial soil drying in their rootzone. wrdmap.org |
挂图中的数据包括农村地区的农村人口规模和增长速度、农业人口规模、 农业区和农田、森林面积、灌溉面 积、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、农业中经济 活跃人口和化肥的使用；以及城市地区的城市人口规模和增长率、人类住区占据 [...] 的土地面积、生活在贫民窟中的城市人口、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、二氧化 [...] 碳的排放量、空气中颗粒物的密度、产业和服务业中的就业、国内生产总值、使 用中的机动车辆和能源消耗。 daccess-ods.un.org | The data contained in the wallcharts include, for the rural areas, size and rate of growth of the rural population, size of the agricultural [...] population, agricultural area [...] and cropland, forest area, irrigated areas, access to improved [...]water and sanitation, economically [...]active population in agriculture and fertilizer use; and for the urban areas, size and rate of growth of the urban population, land area occupied by human settlements, urban population living in slums, access to improved water and sanitation, carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations of particulate matter in the air, employment in industry and services, gross domestic product, motor vehicles in use and consumption of energy. daccess-ods.un.org |
利比里亚和联利特派团官员告诉小组说，大吉德州 Toe 镇应急部队根据当地 [...] 一个农户提供的信息，2011 年 11 月 16 日从与科特迪瓦接壤地区附近的一个 灌木 地中起获了 385 发弹药。 daccess-ods.un.org | Liberian and UNMIL officials informed the Panel that on 16 November 2011 the ERU in Toe Town, Grand Gedeh County, recovered 385 rounds of [...] ammunition, following information provided by a local farmer, from a nearby [...] bush area in the border region with Côte d’Ivoire. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，作为国家工作队拟订的机构间行动计划的一部分，粮农组织批准了两 个中央应急基金下的项目，为受飓风古斯塔夫和艾克影响 地 区 购 买 种子 、 灌 溉机 械和工具，总金额 900 000 美元。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, as part of the Inter-agency Action Plan created by the country team, FAO approved two projects under the [...] Central Emergency Revolving [...] Fund for seeds, irrigation machinery and tools purchase in areas affected by hurricanes [...]Gustav and Ike, [...]for a total amount of $900,000. daccess-ods.un.org |
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