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External sources (not reviewed)

[...] [...] oscillator without hairspring in a mechanical [...]

By turning on itself, the tourbillon cage forces the balance wheel and balance-spring to take all the vertical positions, thereby compensating for the effects of Earth's gravity.

For the balance springs of the balance, non-magnetic nickel alloys are used.

In a classic spiral hairspring system, the [...]

Alloy for the manufacture of balance springs.

Roger Dubuis has been doing utmost to achieve the same standards of excellence while complying with the horologists of the past and adopting their traditional values.

[...] [...] adjusted by a balance with screws.

With its Pendulum prototype (12), the brand has replaced the hairspring with four magnets – a world first!

Considering that the balance was developed from scratch, the Breguet spring has been optimized in our Timing Department, and parts of the escapement are precision-made to one-thousandth of a millimetre, I reckon that was no mean feat.

[...] revolutionary double spiral escapement.

It has a power reserve of 60 hours and a proprietary Lange balance spring.

The timepiece is not only elegant, but also powerful, with its Breguet chronograph movement with escapement and flat silicon balance-spring, whose frequency has been increased to 10 Hz (72,000 vibrations per hour).

Greubel Forsey presented the Binomial balance and spring in Diamantchrone, its fourth fundamental invention.

At its heart is the exclusive OMEGA Co-Axial calibre 8605, a self-winding movement with a three-level Co-Axial escapement and Si14 silicon balance spring.

This constant-force spring is pre-tensioned after each second, and then transfers this stored energy to the balance and spring. This periodic release of energy ensures that the amplitude of the balance and spring remains constant and produces a precise and constant watch rate.

The new Henry Double Hairspring watch line, a tonneau watch with the revolutionary double hairspring escapement from Moser, is presented at “BaselWorld 2007”.

It is based on physical magnetic properties: the traditional hairspring is replaced by a virtual spring derived from magnets.

[...] [...] including the balance-hairspring, the strategic [...]

The generous size of the rectangular movement houses a large barrel spring and enables the use of a wide sprung balance, oscillating at a frequency of 36,000 vibrations per hour, for even greater accuracy.

The working principle is simple: a constant-force spring is fitted between the escapement and the balance and spring.

This exceptional watch with its oval case and three-dimensional architecture reveals the essentials of its refined movement: a new AP escapement, a double balance-spring, as well as the striking mechanism and its gongs.

[...] inventor of the helical balance spring.

[...] [...] in a classical hairspring) that vibrates [...] [...]

In watchmakers’ parlance, to knock means to strike against… When the amplitude of the oscillations of a balance exceeds 315°, the impulse pin may, at the end of the swing of the balance, strike the back of the horns of the fork r. A watch is said to knock when it is actually the impulse pin that does so.

For the Swatch Group, with its ETA companies making blanks and movements and Nivarox-FAR (balance-springs and escapement parts) that served up to now as a sort of supermarket for mechanical movements, is in the throes of upsetting the sector with sharp reductions and even curtailments of deliveries to third party brands.

[...] [...] without a hairspring that toured the world [...] [...]