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External sources (not reviewed)

1918 年，东亚美尼亚，原沙皇俄国的一部分，宣布独立，成立共和国。 wdl.org	In May 1918, Eastern Armenia, [...] formerly part of the Russian Empire, declared [...] itself an independent republic. wdl.org
第一次世界大战结束时奥斯曼帝国和沙皇俄国的解体诞生了很多新国家。 wdl.org	The disintegration of [...] the Ottoman and Russian empires at the end [...] of World War I gave birth to a number of new states. wdl.org
由于瑞典此前将东部的芬兰割让给了沙皇俄国，为了保护西部边界的安全，瑞典现在希望得到挪威。 norway.org.cn	Having previously lost Finland to the czardom to the east, Sweden now wished to have Norway as a safeguard on its western border. norway.or.kr
与此同时，国王亚当·恰尔托雷斯基(Adam Czartoryski)计划在俄国沙皇亚历山大一世的统治下恢复波兰(亚当后来成为了俄国的外交部长)。 ch.poland.gov.pl	Meanwhile Prince Adam [...] Czartoryski, then Russia's foreign minister, was planning the restoration of the Polish state under the rule of the Russian Tsar Alexander I. [...] This split into supporters [...] of co-operation with the West and with the East lasted for decades and affected Polish history on numerous occasions. en.poland.gov.pl
(d) 与原籍是格鲁吉亚领土的侨民和流亡社区，特别是被俄罗斯沙皇帝国驱逐的民众开展对话。 daccess-ods.un.org	(d) Enter into dialogue with diaspora and exile communities with origins in Georgia’s territory, notably [...] populations expelled by the czarist Russian empire. daccess-ods.un.org
沙皇（Tsar）系列为双层彩底全浮雕的透明水晶酒具，专为沙皇尼古拉二世的餐桌设计，是来自于俄国王子，贵族和其他沙皇宫廷的重要人士的订单。 baccarat.cn	Designed for Tsar Nicolas II, the Tsar stemware set in colored-overlay clear [...] crystal and entirely engraved, was ordered by princes, [...] aristocrats and prominent figures in the Russian Imperial Court. int.baccarat.com
(iii) 亚历山大沙皇一世于 1804 年创立喀山国立大学，目的是推动伏尔加地区到远东地区的教育。 unesdoc.unesco.org	(iii) The Kazan State University was established by Tsar Alexander I in 1804 [...] to promote education from the Volga Region to the Far East. unesdoc.unesco.org
本地图由 W·M· 克罗克所绘制，制图师是该公司的一名代表，曾在沙捞越生活了 16 年，1881 年 2月该地图展示在伦敦的英国皇家地理学会的一次会议上。 wdl.org	This map, drawn up by W.M. Crocker, a [...] representative of the company who had lived in [...] Sarawak for 16 years, was presented to a meeting of the Royal Geographical Society in London in February 1881. wdl.org
阿富汗、阿尔巴尼亚、安哥拉、亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、不丹、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、博茨瓦纳、文莱达鲁萨兰国、布基纳法索、布隆迪、中非共和国、乍得、捷克共和国、多米尼加共和国、加蓬、冈比亚、格鲁吉亚、危地马拉、几内亚比绍、海地、洪都拉斯、印度尼西亚、伊拉克、哈萨克斯坦、科威特、拉脱维亚、利比里亚、列支敦士登、马拉维、马来西亚、马里、毛里塔尼亚、摩纳哥、缅甸、尼泊尔、尼日尔、阿曼、巴拿马、秘鲁、卡塔尔、卢旺达、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、斯洛伐克、斯里兰卡、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、乌克兰、乌拉圭和津巴布韦。 daccess-ods.un.org	Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Latvia, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Monaco, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Oman, Panama, Peru, Qatar, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Zimbabwe. daccess-ods.un.org
不过意大利提交了一份清单，列有自 2009 年下半年以来同以下国家签署或正在谈判的关于进行国际警察反恐活动的协定、技术性谅解备忘录和双边备忘录：安哥拉、亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、爱沙尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、格鲁吉亚、加纳、哈萨克斯坦、黎巴嫩、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、尼日尔、葡萄牙、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、塞尔维亚、南非和土耳其。 daccess-ods.un.org	However, it provided a list of agreements, technical understandings and bilateral memorandums for international police cooperation relating to terrorism signed or under negotiation since the second half of 2009 with Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Ghana, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Latvia, Lithuania, Niger, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa and Turkey. daccess-ods.un.org
委员会下列 56 个成员国的代表出席了会议：阿尔及利亚、阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、阿塞拜疆、比利时、多民族玻利维亚国、巴西、布基纳法索、加拿大、智利、中国、哥伦比亚、古巴、捷克共和国、厄瓜多尔、法国、德国、匈牙利、印度、印度尼西亚、伊朗伊斯兰共和国、伊拉克、意大利、日本、哈 [...] [...] 萨克斯坦、肯尼亚、黎巴嫩、利比亚、马来西亚、墨西哥、摩洛哥、尼日利亚、巴基斯坦、秘鲁、菲律宾、波兰、葡萄牙、大韩民国、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、斯洛伐克、南非、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、阿拉伯叙利亚共 [...] 和国、突尼斯、土耳其、乌克兰、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、美利坚合众 [...] 国、乌拉圭、委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国、越南。 daccess-ods.un.org	Representatives of the following 56 member States of the Committee attended the session: Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Ecuador, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, [...] Philippines, Poland, Portugal, [...] Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, South [...] Africa, Spain, Sweden, [...] Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) and Viet Nam. daccess-ods.un.org
第二 ﹐臨時政府的組成分子 ﹐多 [...] 屬中產階級 ﹐並未能與下層民眾發生聯繫 ﹐ 俄國的中產階級 ﹐ 因受沙皇政府的壓制 ﹐ 始終未曾形成一支足夠維持大 [...] 局的政治力量。 hkahe.com	Secondly, the members of the Provisional Government was middle-class in origin, and had few contact [...] with the grassroots. The [...] middle class of Russia, long suppressed by the Tsarist government, did not form into a substantial [...] political force. hkahe.com
喀山大学由沙皇亚历山大一世 (Tsar Alexander I) 创建于 1804 年，是帝俄时期重要的东方学研究中心和伊斯兰出版中心。 wdl.org	Founded by Tsar Alexander I in 1804, Kazan University was the premier center of oriental studies and Islamic publishing in the Russian Empire. wdl.org
华沙公国被“俄国波兰附属国”所代替，俄国沙皇兼任 “波兰国王”，“波兰附属国”拥有自己的宪法、国会、军队和国库。 ch.poland.gov.pl	The Duchy of Warsaw was replaced by a Kingdom of Poland [...] attached to Russia by personal union (the Tsar of Russia was made "King [...] of Poland"), with its [...] own constitution, sejm, army and treasury. en.poland.gov.pl
( 玻利瓦尔共和国 ) 。随后，安哥拉、巴林、巴西、保加利亚、布基纳法索、喀麦隆、乍得、智利、哥伦比亚、科特迪瓦、塞浦路斯、吉布提、刚果民主共和国、刚果、多米尼加共和国、埃塞俄比亚、加蓬、希腊、危地马拉、日本、约旦、黎巴嫩、阿拉伯利比亚民众国、毛里求斯、巴勒斯坦、秘鲁、波兰、卡塔尔、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞尔维亚、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、泰国、土耳其、乌干达、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、美利坚合众国、越南和也门加入为提案国。 daccess-ods.un.org	Subsequently, Angola, Bahrain, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Côte d’Ivoire, Cyprus, Djibouti, the [...] Democratic Republic of the [...] Congo, the Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Gabon, Greece, Guatemala, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Mauritius, Palestine, Peru, Poland, Qatar, the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, the Syrian Arab Republic, [...] Thailand, Turkey, [...] Uganda, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America, Viet Nam and Yemen joined the sponsors. daccess-ods.un.org
1917 年俄國革命的成功，無產階級人士推翻了沙皇政權，象徵著人民力量的勝利，這鼓勵了日本人向元老爭取更多的權力。 hkahe.com	The Russian revolution broke out in 1917 in which the proletariat overthrown the Czarist regime. This [...] incident signified the [...] victory of people’s power and encouraged people in Japan to demand more power from the genro. hkahe.com
下述政府间生物伦理委员会成员国派代表出席了会议：哥伦比亚、古巴、捷克共和国、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、丹麦、多米尼加共和国、法国、德国、印度、印度尼西亚、 [...] [...] 伊朗（伊斯兰共和国）、牙买加、日本、肯尼亚、黎巴嫩、马达加斯加、毛里塔尼亚、毛里求斯、荷兰、秘鲁、菲律宾、波兰、大韩民国、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、斯洛伐克、坦桑尼亚联合共和国、美利坚合众国、乌拉圭和赞比亚。 unesdoc.unesco.org	The following Member States of IGBC were represented: Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Denmark, Dominican Republic, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Lebanon, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mauritius, [...] Netherlands, Peru, Philippines, Poland, [...] Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, [...] Syrian Arab Republic, Slovakia, [...] United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, Uruguay and Zambia. unesdoc.unesco.org
阿尔及利亚、阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、孟加拉国、比利时、巴西、加拿大、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、塞浦路斯、丹麦、埃及、爱沙尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、芬兰、法国、德国、加纳、匈牙利、爱尔兰、以色列、意大利、日本、卢森堡、马达加斯加、墨西哥、摩洛哥、荷兰、尼日利亚、挪威、巴基斯坦、菲律宾、葡萄牙、大韩民国、摩尔多瓦共和国、俄罗斯联邦、塞尔维亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、泰国、突尼斯、突尼斯、土耳其、联合王国、美利坚合众国、委内瑞拉( 玻利瓦尔共和国) 、也门。 daccess-ods.un.org	Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, [...] Costa Rica, Cyprus, [...] Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America, [...] Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen. daccess-ods.un.org
主席征得安理会同意，根据《宪章》的相关规定和安理会暂行议事规则第 37 [...] 条，邀请澳大利亚、阿塞拜疆、比利时、布隆迪、加拿大、古巴、捷克共和国、埃及、爱沙尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、芬兰、德国、希腊、印度尼西亚、爱尔兰、以色列、意大利、列支敦士登、立陶宛、卢森堡、马来西亚、 [...] 摩洛哥、新西兰、挪威、巴基斯坦、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、新加坡、斯 [...] 洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、瑞典、瑞士和乌克兰的代表参加对这个项目的审议，但无表决权。 daccess-ods.un.org	The President, with the consent of the Council, invited the representatives of Australia, Azerbaijan, [...] Belgium, Burundi, [...] Canada, Cuba, the Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Indonesia, [...] Ireland, Israel, Italy, [...] Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Morocco, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine, to participate in the consideration of the item without the right to vote, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Charter and rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure. daccess-ods.un.org
2011 年，教科文组织通过了第 36 C/59 决议，该决议的提案国是波兰，共同提案国是 [...] [...] 阿尔及利亚、澳大利亚、奥地利、阿塞拜疆、巴巴多斯、白俄罗斯、比利时、巴西、布基纳法索、中国、哥伦比亚、刚果、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、吉布提、埃及、萨尔瓦多、爱沙尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、法国、德国、危地马拉、匈牙利、印度、以色列、科威特、拉脱维亚、黎巴嫩、立陶宛、马达加斯加、马来西亚、墨西哥、摩洛哥、尼泊尔、尼日利亚、巴基斯坦、 [...] 葡萄牙、大韩民国、罗马尼亚、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、 [...] 苏丹、瑞典、泰国、突尼斯、土耳其、阿拉伯联合酋长国、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、坦桑尼亚联合共和国、乌拉圭、越南和津巴布韦。 unesdoc.unesco.org	In 2011, UNESCO's General Conference adopted 36 C/Resolution 59 which had been submitted by Poland and co-sponsored by Algeria, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, [...] Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, [...] Brazil, Burkina Faso, China, Colombia, Congo, Croatia, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, France, [...] Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, [...] India, Israel, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Republic of Tanzania, Uruguay, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe. unesdoc.unesco.org
这种服务可包括心理、医疗、法律和社会/财政援助以及避难所，这些避难所通常是在各国的财政支助下同非政府组织和其他伙伴合作开办，抑或由这些非政府组织或伙伴开办(阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、多民族玻利维亚国、文莱达鲁萨兰国、保加利亚、喀麦隆、加拿大、哥伦比亚、刚果、克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、丹麦、多米尼加共和国、格鲁吉亚、印度 [...] 尼西亚、意大利、牙买加、黎巴嫩、立陶宛、马耳他、墨西哥、荷兰、新西兰、 [...] 巴拉圭、菲律宾、波兰、葡萄牙、卡塔尔、大韩民国、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞尔维亚、斯洛伐克共和国、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、阿拉伯叙利亚 [...] 共和国、乌干达、乌克兰和也门)。 daccess-ods.un.org	Such services may include psychological, medical, legal, and social/financial assistance, as well as shelters, which are often run in cooperation with, or by, non-governmental organizations and other partners, and with financial support by States (Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Congo, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Paraguay, [...] Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, [...] Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, [...] Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, [...] Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Uganda, Ukraine and Yemen). daccess-ods.un.org
在这件印刷品上，彼得大帝站在由战争场面堆积而成的基座上，四周环绕着从九世纪到 1682 年彼得大帝即位以来，统治俄罗斯的 33 位沙皇和大公的肖像。 wdl.org	The print shows Peter standing on a pedestal depicting battle scenes, [...] surrounded by portraits of the 33 tsars [...] and grand dukes who ruled Russia from the ninth century [...] to the beginning of Peter’s reign in 1682. wdl.org
總而言之 ﹐亞歷山大二世作為沙皇缺乏了堅定信心 ﹑遠見 ﹐對時局未能作出政治家應有的掌握 ﹐ 不利於俄國的改革事業。 hkahe.com	To conclude, Alexander II was a Tzar who lacked of persistence, vision and his statesmanlike grasp of situation was not fitted to the task of reforming Russia. hkahe.com
19 世紀中葉以後 ﹐ 沙皇政權十分支持這個運動 ﹐並強調俄國具有歷史使命將解放居住在東南歐的斯拉夫人民 [...] 從奧匈帝國及土耳其手上解放出來 ﹐確保這 [...] 些人民在俄國的保護和操控下團結一致。 hkahe.com	Besides, there was the so-called Pan-Slavism, a movement originated from [...] the religious idea [...] of Slavophilism and widely supported by the Tzardom since the middle 19th century emphasizing Russia’s [...] historic [...] mission to liberate the Slav peoples of SE Europe from Austria-Hungary and Turkey and to secure their union under Russian control and protection. hkahe.com
杜馬亦是無甚成效。第一 ﹑第二屆杜馬被解散 ﹐ 以 [...] 及通過了那個增加富人代表 ﹑ 犧牲窮人利益的新選舉法後 ﹐ 俄國人對沙皇越來越不滿。 hkahe.com	After the dissolution of the First and Second Dumas, and the passing of new electoral law which increased [...] the representation of the rich at the [...] expense of the poor, the Russians being more and more discontented with the Tzar. hkahe.com
截至 2012 年 7 月 25 日，由国家元首或政府首脑、外交部长或由外交部长授权者签发了出席大会第十八届会议的下列 58 个国家的代表的正式全权证书：阿根廷、澳大利亚、巴哈马、孟加拉国、比利时、巴西、喀麦隆、加拿大、智利、中国、科特迪瓦、古巴、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、多米尼加共和国、埃及、斐济、芬兰、法国、德国、加纳、希腊、圭亚那、洪都拉斯、印度、印度尼西亚、意大利、牙买加、日本、基里巴斯、科威特、毛里求斯、墨西哥、密克罗尼西亚联邦、 [...] [...] 摩纳哥、莫桑比克、缅甸、纳米比亚、瑙鲁、荷兰、新西兰、尼日利亚、挪威、阿曼、菲律宾、波兰、葡萄牙、卡塔尔、大韩民国、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、西班牙、圣基茨和尼维斯、苏里南、特立尼达和多巴哥、大不列颠及 [...] 北爱尔兰联合王国和越南。 daccess-ods.un.org	As at 25 July 2012, formal credentials issued by the Head of State or Government, by the Minister for Foreign Affairs or by a person authorized by the Minister had been submitted for the representatives of the following 58 States participating in the eighteenth session of the Assembly: Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Côte d’Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), Monaco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, [...] Philippines, Poland, Portugal, [...] Qatar, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, [...] Spain, Saint Kitts and Nevis, [...] Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Viet Nam. daccess-ods.un.org
以下理事会成员国派代表出席了本届会议：安提瓜和巴布达、阿根廷、澳大利亚、孟加拉国、比利时、巴西、加拿大、中非共和国、智利、中国、哥伦比亚、刚果、古巴、捷克共和国、厄瓜多尔、埃及、斐济、法国、格鲁吉亚、德国、印 [...] 度、印度尼西亚、伊朗伊斯兰共和国、以色列、意大利、日本、肯尼亚、利比里 [...] 亚、马来西亚、毛里求斯、墨西哥、莫桑比克、荷兰、尼日利亚、挪威、巴基斯坦、波兰、大韩民国、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、西班牙、苏丹、瑞士、泰国、多哥、特立尼达和多巴哥、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、 [...] 坦桑尼亚联合共和国、美利坚合众国、乌拉圭、赞比亚。 daccess-ods.un.org	The following States members of the Governing Council were represented at the session: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Cuba, Czech Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Fiji, France, Georgia, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Netherlands, Nigeria, [...] Norway, Pakistan, Poland, [...] Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Spain, [...] Sudan, Switzerland, Thailand, [...] Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, Uruguay, Zambia. daccess-ods.un.org
而亚美尼亚、白俄罗斯、爱沙尼亚和摩尔多瓦共和国超过了其1988年产量水平，立陶宛和俄罗斯联邦的产量是其1998年水平的80%多，其他国家依然是其 1988产量水平的三分之一或低于这一水平。 fao.org	While Armenia, Belarus, Estonia and Republic of Moldova have exceeded their [...] 1988 production levels, and output in Lithuania [...] and the Russian Federation is at more than 80 percent of its original 1998 level, other countries remain at one-third or less of their 1988 production levels. fao.org
第五号议定书的下列缔约国参加了会议的工作：阿尔巴尼亚、澳大利亚、奥地利、白俄罗斯、比利时、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、保加利亚、加拿大、智利、克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、格鲁吉亚、德国、危地马拉、教廷、匈牙利、印度、爱尔兰、意大利、牙买加、拉脱 [...] [...] 维亚、列支敦士登、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、新西兰、挪威、巴基斯坦、秘鲁、葡萄牙、卡塔尔、大韩民国、摩尔多瓦共和国、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞 [...] 士、前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国、突尼斯、乌克兰、阿拉伯联合酋长国和美利坚合众国。 daccess-ods.un.org	The following States Parties to Protocol V participated in the work of the Conference: Albania, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Holy See, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal, Qatar, [...] Republic of Korea, [...] Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Slovakia, [...] Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, [...] Switzerland, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, and United States of America. daccess-ods.un.org

沙皇俄国 ()—

Tsarist Russia

See also:

沙皇 n—

沙俄—

俄国 n—

沙皇—

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External sources (not reviewed)

沙皇俄国 ()—

Tsarist Russia

See also:

沙皇 n—

沙俄—

俄国 n—

沙皇—

▾External sources (not reviewed)

▾
External sources (not reviewed)